.. -*- rst -*- reST formatted for your reading pleasure
------------------------
Words in Federated Space
------------------------
A Glossary For The Fediverse
----------------------------
.. highlights::
*G l o s s a r y*::
noun
1: an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized
field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a
text on that field [syn: {glossary}, {gloss}]
-- WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006)
With a little feature creep and no parent document to be appended to.
- each entry attempts a graduated definition of its subject.
- It tries to be agnostic.
- It is intended for the interested user.
- Developers may also find it useful. (`side effect`_)
-- Yours in pragmatism
Pete
revised as version |version| |time| |revision|
.. image:: images/480px-Fediverse_logo_proposal.png
:scale: 30%
:alt: A proposed "logo" for the fediverse concept space
:align: center
By Eukombos [CC0], from Wikimedia Commons
5 nodes in pentagon shape with all diagonals, multicoloured.
*Logo created to represent the Fediverse.*
`CC0 Licence. 22 June 2018 by Eukombos`
-- `[EukombosLogo-22June2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse#/media/File:Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg
........................................................................
Introduction
------------
For an excellent introduction and overview of the
Federation Fediverse and Indieweb
please see:
* The Indieweb
* The Federation Info Site
* The Fediverse Party
* - Software Overview
* The Projects
* The Protocols
* Wikipedia Fediverse Entry
About
.....
The `Colophon`_ notates when who how and what.
The `Glossary Listing`_ is apparently approximately alphabetical
and starts just below.
If you are browsing the html (web) formatted version:
- Each *Entry Heading* links back to **it's** `Glossary Listing`_.
- That Listing "#url" is sharable. (in #lowercase)
........................................................................
.. contents:: _`Glossary Listing`
:depth: 2
........................................................................
--------
@ is for
--------
@human
------
* synonyms
`@name` , `@handle` , `@user` , `@account` , `@logname`
* Noun
A form that identifies a particular person, named group (or `account`_)
*at a local service*.
- It is often the local account name for a host or a service.
- It is the *User Name* you `login`_ as, for a `session`_ on a network `instance`_.
Compare with `@handle@node.domain`_ (or an email address).
see also: `@mention`_ , `DM`_ , `User`_ , `Account`_
@handle@node.domain
-------------------
* Noun
Usefully a local "@name" may be appended with a nodes "@node.handle" to
create a human readable Unique Identifier.
[ @name@node.handle ]
This allows posting, following and other interactions
beyond the local service, to many other accounts across the Fediverse.
* Notes
Communication between users on local nodes
do not require the @node.domain suffix.
The construct "@yournick@yournode.somedomain" is one of the unique
an enabling features of Federated Social Media.
This facility brings near universal reach to federated systems,
approaching the utility and simplicity of email addressing.
see also: `DM`_ , `User`_ , `Account`_
@mention
--------
* Synonyms `@ping` , `@message` , `@flag`
* Verb
To identify an account name (@person) in a message.
Often used to *get somebodies attention*.
Or simply to be inclusive and acknowledge contribution.
see also: `Direct Message`_
........................................................................
--------
A is for
--------
ABI
---
* noun
Application Binary Interface
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
Application Binary Interface
ABI
(ABI) The interface by which an {application
program} gains access to {operating system} and other
services. It should be possible to run the same compiled
{binary} applications on any system with the right ABI.
Examples are {88open}'s {Binary Compatibility Standard}, the
{PowerOpen Environment} and {Windows sockets}.
-- (1994-11-08) [foldoc]
Example:
`NetBSD`_ has ABI (structures) that allow `Linux`_ (elf) binary
applications to run on NetBSD systems.
This is *not emulation*, the application operates as though
it is on a Linux system right down to requiring a separate file structure.
........................................................................
Account
-------
Also: _`login name` _`accounts`
* Noun
- A persons place of operations that interface with a system, `network`_ or `service`_.
- Usually the `Operator`_ must be `Authenticated`_ to access their account.
In the context of the Fediverse or federated systems
a user has account(s) hosted on particular node(s).
- An account allows:
- `Login`_ Access and Authentication to that `Instance`_.
- Use of the Interfaces to the `Services`_
Provided by the Local Network Instance.
Enabling *access* to your own data (!)
and *access* to the federated social media networks.
see also: `User`_ , `Handle`_ , `screenname`
........................................................................
Acronym
-------
* Noun
From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms (September 2014) [vera]:
_`ACRONYM`
Abbreviated Coded Rendition Of Name Yielding Meaning (slang)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
acronym
An identifier formed from some of the letters (often
the initials) of a phrase and used as an abbreviation.
A {`TLA`_} is a {meta}-acronym, i.e. an acronym about acronyms.
...
-- (2014-08-14)
compare : `Anagram`_
see: `TLA`_ , `CIT`_ , `jargon`_ , `lockin`_
Other listings: `IMHO`_ , `AFAIK`_ , `VM`_ , `LOL`_ , `IRC`_ , `URL`_ ,
`TLDR`_ , `AI`_ , `ML`_ , `XMPP`_ , `LXC`_
........................................................................
ActivityPub
-----------
also: _`AP`
* A `Protocol`_ (formally released 2018)
From the ActivityPub info site:
ActivityPub is a decentralised social networking protocol
based on the `ActivityStreams`_ 2.0 data format.
ActivityPub is an official W3C recommended standard
published by the W3C Social Web Working Group.
It provides a `client`_ to server `API`_ for creating,
updating and deleting `content`_,
as well as a `federated`_ server to server API
for delivering notifications and subscribing to content.
-- `[ActivityPub-2018]`_
ActivityPub provides two layers:
1. A server to `server`_ `federation`_ protocol
(so *decentralized* websites can share information)
2. A client to server protocol
(so users, including real-world users, bots, and other automated processes,
can communicate with ActivityPub using their `accounts`_ on servers,
from a phone or desktop or web application or whatever)
In ActivityPub, a user is represented by "actors"
via the user's accounts on servers.
User's accounts on different servers correspond to different actors.
-- `[W3C-ActivityPub_Oct-2018]`_
ActivityPub Links
.................
- `[W3C-ActivityPub_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/TR/activitypub/`
- `[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]`_ https://soykaf.com/post/pleroma-encyclical-activity-pub/
(TLS errors Oct 2018)
- `pleroma-encyclical html version`_ (Made November 2018)
- `pleroma-encyclical text copy`_ (Made October 2018)
- `Wikipedia Entry`:
- GitHub projects https://github.com/topics/activitypub
(November 2018)
see: `OStatus`_ `Zot`_ `Authorisation`_
........................................................................
ActivityStreams
---------------
* Noun
A data format standard
for exchanging information between distributed nodes.
`ActivityPub`_ is built with this specification
as the recommended (data) exchange format.
Activity Streams 2.0
....................
Was formally released as a
W3C Recommendation on 23 May 2017
The specification details a model for
representing potential and completed activities
using the `JSON`_ format.
It is intended to be used with vocabularies that
**detail the structure of activities,**
**and define specific types of activities.**
-- https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-core/
Example :
.. code::
{"@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams",
"type": "Person",
"id": "https://social.example/alyssa/",
"name": "Alyssa P. Hacker",
"preferredUsername": "alyssa",
"summary": "Lisp enthusiast hailing from MIT",
"inbox": "https://social.example/alyssa/inbox/",
"outbox": "https://social.example/alyssa/outbox/",
"followers": "https://social.example/alyssa/followers/",
"following": "https://social.example/alyssa/following/",
"liked": "https://social.example/alyssa/liked/" }
-- `[ActivityStreams_Oct-2018]`_
........................................................................
Anagram
-------
* Noun
A word made by rearranging another word.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Anagram \An"a*gram\ ([a^]n"[.a]*gr[a^]m), n. [F. anagramme, LL.
anagramma, fr. Gr. 'ana` back, again + gra`fein to write. See
{Graphic}.]
Literally, the letters of a word read backwards, but in its
usual wider sense, the change of one word or phrase into
another by the transposition of its letters. Thus Galenus
becomes angelus; William Noy (attorney-general to Charles I.,
and a laborious man) may be turned into I moyl in law.
[1913 Webster]
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Anagram \An"a*gram\, v. t.
To anagrammatize.
[1913 Webster]
Some of these anagramed his name, Benlowes, into
Benevolus. --Warburton.
[1913 Webster] Anagrammatic
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
anagram
n 1: a word or phrase spelled by rearranging the letters of
another word or phrase
v 1: read letters out of order to discover a hidden meaning
[syn: {anagram}, {anagrammatize}, {anagrammatise}]
A message from Anna
see: `Acronym`_ , `Jargon`_
........................................................................
Application
-----------
plural: _`Applications` also: _`Apps`, _`App`
* Noun
A Computer Program normally targeted at end users rather than Systems Operations..
Often built for *specific environments* such as Web Browser Extensions.
Tablets , Smart Phones etc.
Most often these programs are also designed to work exclusively with particular
networks and end sources, creating "Silos of Convenience".
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
app
/ap/, n.
Short for ?application program?, as opposed to a systems program.
Apps are what systems vendors are forever chasing developers to create for their
environments so they can sell more boxes. Hackers tend not to think of the
things they themselves run as apps; thus, in hacker parlance the term
excludes compilers, program editors, games, and messaging systems, though a
user would consider all those to be apps.
(Broadly, an app is often a self-contained environment for performing
some well-defined task such as ?word processing?;
hackers tend to prefer more general-purpose tools.)
See {killer app}; oppose {tool}, {operating system}.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
_`application program`
app
application software
applications software
(Or "application", "app") A
complete, self-contained program that performs a specific
function directly for the user.
This is in contrast to {system software}
such as the {operating system} {kernel},
{server} processes, {libraries} which exists to support
application programs and {utility programs}.
Editors for various kinds of documents, {spreadsheets}, and
text formatters are common examples of applications. Network
applications include clients such as those for {FTP},
{electronic mail}, {telnet} and {WWW}.
*The term is used fairly loosely*, for instance, some might say
that a client and server together form a distributed
application, others might argue that editors and compilers
were not applications but {utility programs} for building
applications.
One distinction between an application program and the
operating system is that applications always run in {user
mode} (or "non-privileged mode"), while operating systems and
related utilities may run in {supervisor mode} (or "privileged
mode").
The term may also be used to distinguish programs which
communicate via a {graphical user interface} from those which
are executed from the {command line}.
(2007-02-02)
Aspect
------
* also: _`Diaspora Aspects` , _`aspect` , _`Aspects`
* Noun
Examples of `Diaspora`_ Aspects are: Family, Work, Interests, Organisations.
Diaspora* Aspects are a method of forming *Sets of Contacts* :
- From *your* list of `Contacts`_
- Possibly naming those Sets for an "Aspect" of your life.
When you `Post`_ to an "Aspect":
- The message is sent (only) to that Aspects Set of Members.
- Those people may also see who else received the post.
"You can make People be visible to each other inside your aspect."
Aspects are not "Groups" you can Moderate or have others Sign Up to.
They are more like `Mailing Lists` *you* form from your Address Book.
`more at`: https://wiki.diasporafoundation.org/FAQ_for_users#Aspects
see: `Diaspora`_
........................................................................
Atom
----
* Noun Protocol
Describes the state of a web site for other web resources to subscribe to.
TODO TODO TODO
........................................................................
Authenticate
------------
also: _`Authentication` _`Authenticated` _`Authentic`
* verb
- To establish the truth of an Identity
- To Check Some Credentials.
- To validate the accuracy and provenance of an identity or content.
- To ascertain that the "objects" are true as claimed and of good faith.
( Bono Fide )
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Authenticate \Au*then"ti*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p.
{Authenticated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Authenticating} (?).] [Cf.LL. authenticare.]
1. To render authentic; to give authority to, by the proof,
attestation, or formalities required by law, or sufficient
to entitle to credit.
[1913 Webster]
The king serves only as a notary to authenticate the
choice of judges.
--Burke. [1913 Webster]
2. **To prove authentic; to determine as real and true**;
as, to authenticate a portrait.
--Walpole. [1913 Webster]
-- The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
**authentic**
*adjective*
1: conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief; "an
authentic account by an eyewitness"; "reliable
information"
[syn: {authentic}, {reliable}]
2: not counterfeit or copied;
"an authentic signature"; "a bona fide manuscript";
"an unquestionable antique";
"photographs taken in a veritable bull ring"
[syn: {authentic}, {bona fide}, {unquestionable}, {veritable}]
-- From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006)
see: `OpenWebAuth`_ `OAuth`_ `Diaspora Protocol`_
`Zot`_ `Ostatus`_ `ActivityPub`_ `Password`_ `IndieAuth`_
........................................................................
Authorisation
-------------
also: _`Authorization`
Processes and people generally need various levels of authorisation to operate.
You give Authorisation for others to see your Avatar or Bio details
when you configure your Social Networking Interfaces.
You may also give qualified authority to services run on your behalf ( your agent)
You may require various stages of `Authentication`_ to allow access to your messages.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
authorisation
1: a document giving an official instruction or command [syn:
{mandate}, {authorization}, {authorisation}]
2: the power or right to give orders or make decisions; "he has
the authority to issue warrants"; "deputies are given
authorization to make arrests"; "a place of potency in the
state" [syn: {authority}, {authorization}, {authorisation},
{potency}, {dominance}, {say-so}]
3: official permission or approval; "authority for the program
was renewed several times" [syn: {authority},
{authorization}, {authorisation}, {sanction}]
4: the act of conferring legality or sanction or formal warrant
[syn: {authorization}, {authorisation}, {empowerment}]
authorise
1: give or delegate power or authority to; "She authorized her
assistant to sign the papers" [syn: {empower}, {authorise},
{authorize}]
2: grant authorization or clearance for; "Clear the manuscript
for publication"; "The rock star never authorized this
slanderous biography" [syn: {authorize}, {authorise}, {pass},
{clear}]
-- From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006)
see: `Authentication`_ `OpenWebAuth`_ `nomadic`_
........................................................................
Avatar
------
* Noun
A visual `icon`_ or `handle`_ that helps to quickly identify a particular user.
" An "avatar" is an image that represents you online
a little picture that appears next to your name
when you interact with websites. "
-- `[Gravatar_Oct-2018]`_ https://en.gravatar.com/support/what-is-gravatar/
* Attributes:
+ Usually a small image file to lighten
storage requirements and bandwidth / transfer costs.
+ May also be "simple" ascii art
+ Sometimes auto-generated as a service.
+ Too often the default is used `:(`_
see: `Account`_ , `Gravatar`_
........................................................................
AI
--
* Noun Acronym
Artificial Intelligence
see: `ML`_
........................................................................
API
---
* Noun Acronym
Application Program Interface
Essentially a set of defined rules in source code
that allow coders to Interface with or utilise a set of code.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
Application Program Interface
API
Application Programming Interface
Applications Programming Interface
(API, or "application programming interface")
The interface (calling conventions) by which an {application
program} accesses {operating system} and other services. An
API is defined at {source code} level and provides a level of
{abstraction} between the application and the {kernel} (or
other privileged utilities) to ensure the {portability} of the
code.
An API can also provide an interface between a {high level
language} and lower level utilities and services which were
written without consideration for the {calling conventions}
supported by compiled languages. In this case, the API's main
task may be the translation of parameter lists from one format
to another and the interpretation of {call-by-value} and
{call-by-reference} arguments in one or both directions.
(1995-02-15)
See also: `UI`_ , `TLA`_ , `Jargon`_
........................................................................
AMA
---
* Noun Acronym
**Ask Me Anything**
Australian Medical Association
see also: `Acronym`_
........................................................................
AFAIK
-----
* Acronym Phrase
As Far As I know
see: `LOL`_ `YMMV`_ `IANAL`_ `TLDR`_ `IMO`_ , `Acronym`_
........................................................................
--------
B is for
--------
Backend
-------
* noun
A Backend is a `Service`_, `application`_ or more often
an entire named `suite` of software,
that is hosted on the `server`_ side of connections.
It may be an Social Media Service you connect to or
deeper level services that the Instance itself works with.
The `Client`_ software connects to the Backend, and usually,
an end user has little awareness of its operations.
This is the software that a `Frontend`_ works with.
see also: `Jargon`_ `Service`_
........................................................................
Bio
---
* Noun abbreviation
Biography
A short version of a biography intended for wide public consumption.
May use community specific short-forms, jargon or conventions.
........................................................................
Birdsite
--------
Synonym for `Twitter`_ |(TM)|
Onomatopoeic for some accents.
see: `GNU Social`_ , `Silo`_ , `Platform List`_
.........................................................................
Block
-----
* verb
syn: silence drop ban ignore dump devnull
Not usually the same as Unsubscribe but the intent is similar.
To avoid seeing another accounts status updates or feed.
see: `Filter`_
........................................................................
Blog
----
also : _`weblog` , _`diary`, _`blogging`
* noun
- A Journal or Diary.
- Usually a hand written log kept by a person on the `Web`.
- A weBlog.
* verb
- To write an entry in your web log.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
blog
n 1: a shared on-line journal where people can post diary
entries about their personal experiences and hobbies;
"postings on a blog are usually in chronological order"
[syn: {web log}, {blog}]
v 1: read, write, or edit a shared on-line journal
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
blog
noun
[common] Short for weblog, an on-line web-zine or diary (usually with
facilities for reader comments and discussion threads) made accessible
through the World Wide Web. This term is widespread and readily forms
derivatives, of which the best known may be {blogosphere}.
As of late 2018 A reasonable graded discrimination may be made between
Blogs Macroblog and Microblogging.
These categories are *not exclusive*.
A platform may be primarily designed for a microblogging
and include attached media (even visible in line).
Macroblogging sites are able to "inline" microblog conversations.
The fediverse is quite flexible about all sort of definitions.
see blogs: `writefreely`_ , `Plume`_ , `wordpress`_ , blogger.com
see macroblogs: `Friendica`_ , `Socialhome`_ `Hubzilla`_ , `Osada`_
compare: `microblog`_ , `Birdsite`_ , `Pleroma`_ , `Mastodon`_, `GNU Social`_
.........................................................................
Blogger
-------
* Noun
- A person who publishes a web `log`_.
- One who reliably keeps a `Blog`_
- Somebody who undertakes a notable amount of `blogging`_.
see: `blog`_ , `MacroBlogging`_ , `MicroBlogging`_ , `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Bot
---
* also: _`robot`, _`bots`
* Noun
Software that produces posts on social media
with little or no human attention.
It is considered polite to identify 'bots' with a handle or
identifier, that is *visible* per post.
#nobot seems to be used in roughly the same way as "No Junk Mail"
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
bot
(From "{robot}") Any type
of autonomous {software} that operates as an {agent} for a
user or a {program} or simulates a human activity. On the
{Internet}, the most popular bots are programs (called
{spiders} or crawlers) used for searching. They access {web
sites}, retrieve documents and follow all the {hypertext
links} in them; then they generate catalogs that are accessed
by {search engines}.
A {chatbot} converses with humans (or other bots). A
{shopbot} searches the Web to find the best price for a
product. Other bots (such as {OpenSesame}) observe a user's
patterns in navigating a website and customises the site for
that user.
{Knowbots} collect specific information from {websites}.
(1999-05-20)
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
bot
1. An {IRC} or {MUD} user who is actually a program. On `IRC`_,
typically the robot provides some useful service.
Examples are `NickServ`, which tries to prevent random users
from adopting {nick}s already claimed by others, and
MsgServ, which allows one to send asynchronous messages
to be delivered when the recipient signs on.
...
Note that bots in all senses were ?robots?
when the terms first appeared in the early 1990s,
but *the shortened form is now habitual*.
see: `AI`_ , `chat`_
........................................................................
BSD
---
* Noun Acronym
*Berkeley Software Distribution*
From:
The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
(with some edits)
Berkeley Software Distribution
..............................
Berkeley Unix
BSD
BSD Unix
(BSD) A family of {Unix} versions developed
by {Bill Joy} and others at the {University of California at
Berkeley}, originally for the {DEC} {VAX} and {PDP-11}
computers, and subsequently ported to almost all modern
general-purpose computers. BSD Unix incorporates {paged}
{virtual memory}, {TCP/IP} networking enhancements and many
other features.
BSD UNIX 4.0 was released on 1980-10-19. The BSD versions
(4.1, 4.2, and 4.3) and the commercial versions derived from
them ({SunOS}, {ULTRIX}, {Mt. Xinu}, {Dynix}) held the
technical lead in the Unix world until {AT&T}'s successful
standardisation efforts after about 1986, and are still widely
popular.
-- (2005-01-20)
There have been a number of operating systems built around
a common set of similar concepts : simplicity flexiblity and security.
Most notably `FreeBSD`_ , `NetBSD`_ , and `OpenBSD`_ .
-- `[BSD_History-Nov_2018]`_
see: `OS`_, `GNU`_ , `NetBSD`_ , `OpenBSD`_ ,
`FreeBSD`_ , `NIXen`_ `Linux`_ ,
........................................................................
--------
C is for
--------
Camel Case
----------
also: _`CamelCase` , _`lowerCaseCamel`
* Verb
To write something in Camel Case :
- compresses the form of the statement
- eases processing by removing white (empty) spaces
- may assist in creating a Unique Identifier
- may aid readability in some contexts
There are two main forms which are expressed as follows :
A. Upper Case Camel
B. Convert All To Title Case
C. RemoveAllWhiteSpace
A. Lower Case Camel
B. lower Case First Letter
C. removeAllWhiteSpace
Widely Used :
- Within source code to `name identifiers` (functions constants variables) *cleanly*.
- Where clear space may be problematic or error prone.
- In 'personalHandles' , 'NetworkNames' and other `identifiers`.
- As one component of uniqifying `URL`_ Strings.
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
(edited)
camelCase
A variable in a programming language is said to be _`camelCased` when all
words but the first are capitalised.
This practice contrasts with the C tradition of either
running syllables together
or marking syllable breaks with underscores;
thus, where a C programmer would write thisverylongname
or this_very_long_name,
the camelCased version would be thisVeryLongName.
...
Compare {BiCapitalization}; ...
*camelCasing is not aimed at impressing anybody*,
and hackers consider it respectable.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
( Wherein here we blame `the container for the content` and `the car for the driver` )
(edits)
CamelCase
The practice of concatenating words with either all
words capitalised
(e.g. "ICantReadThis" - sometimes called " _`UpperCamelCase` "
or _`PascalCase`)
or all except the first "iCantReadThis" - called " _`lowerCamelCase` ".
It is *used in contexts where space characters are not allowed*,
such as identifiers in {source code}.
Modern best practice separates words in identifiers with
{underscore} for readability (like_this_example).
CamelCase is probably a historical throw-back to systems that had no underscore
or when the length of identifiers was constrained either by the
programming language or by the width of computer displays.
Unfortunately it has infected many projects, organisations and
programming languages such as {Java} where the uninitiated create
identifiers like "MemberSubmissionAddressingWSDLParserExtension".
-- (2014-12-02)
........................................................................
Chat
----
* Verb
The act of having a conversation, on line.
Contemporary federated social networking may _almost_ be chat itself.
Many networks include dedicated chat services. `IRC`_ or `XMPP`_.
* Noun
"Chat"
May refer to a number of protocols that enable realtime (duplex) interactive chat.
Notably `IRC`_ , `XMPP`_ and `Matrix`_ `[01]`_.
- If users are using a chat server they should expect to
engage in near real time many-way interaction.
- Normally text based.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
chat
Any system that allows any number of
logged-in users to have a typed, real-time, on-line
conversation via a {network}.
The medium of {chat} is descended from {talk}, but the terms
(and the media) have been distinct since at least the early
1990s. {talk} is prototypically for a small number of people,
generally with no provision for {channels}. In {chat}
systems, however, there are many {channels} in which any
number of people can talk; and users may send private
(one-to-one) messages.
Some early chat systems (in use 1998) include {`IRC`_}, {_`ICQ`} and
{Palace}. More recent alternatives include {MSN Messenger}
and {Google Talk}.
Chat systems have given rise to a distinctive style combining
the immediacy of talking with all the precision (and
verbosity) that written language entails.
It is difficult to communicate inflection,
though conventions have arisen to help
with this.
The conventions of chat systems include special items of
`jargon`_, generally abbreviations meant to save typing, which
are not used orally.
E.g. {BCNU}, {BBL}, {BTW}, {CUL},
{FWIW}, {FYA}, {FYI}, {IMHO}, {OT}, {OTT}, {TNX}, {WRT},
{WTF}, {WTH}, {}, {}, {BBL}, {HHOK}, {NHOH}, {ROTFL},
{AFK}, {b4}, {TTFN}, {TTYL}, {OIC}, {re}.
Much of the chat style is identical to (and probably derived
from) {Morse code} jargon used by ham-radio amateurs since the
1920s, and there is, not surprisingly, some overlap with {TDD}
jargon. Most of the jargon was in use in {talk} systems.
Many of these expressions are also common in {Usenet} {news}
and {electronic mail} and some have seeped into popular
culture, as with {emoticons}.
_`[01]` No not the movie Matrix
see:
`XMPP`_ , `IRC`_ `Channel`_ `Out Of Band`_ , `Jargon`_ , `Acronym`_
`Platform List`_
........................................................................
Channel
-------
also: _`Channels`
* Noun
There are many uses of the Concept of Channel in communications.
Here the listing is from a human user
on a Fediverse instance's point of view.
You probably only want the first two sections.
Human to Human Channels
.......................
a. Users Channel
A `List`_ of users (with some common interest in a Subject)
who may `Message`_ all of each other.
This may not be in real time.
b. `IRC`_ Channel
A `#subject` channel an IRC user connects to to enter into a group discussion.
This is most often in Real Time. Though messages and alerts may be left.
Both of the above may be loosely considered a `Chat`_ `Room`_.
Software Channels For Humans
............................
This is a passive tuning into or subscribing to "broadcast" channel.
- The user normally does not interact with the information.
- The connection may be a Stream
a. Atom / RSS subscriptions to a subject set from a web site or blogs.
b. Audio Channels on Jamendo or Funkwhale
c. Podcast series etc.
Socket like Channels
.....................
For most users this level of Channel is rarely or never seen.
It is software talking to software.
Hopefully once set up it all happens auto-magically
and you never have to investigate it.
The idea is that a dedicated connection channel
is established between two networked entities.
Data packets are sent (streamed) directly between these actors.
Rather than the usual
"Let us know how that worked out, when you have a tick"
packet by packet approach of the TCP/IP (Internet).
Your web browser or Social media "App" takes care of this for you.
Enabling technologies include (ephemeral) WebSockets,
but also traditional ports, (extended addresses)
per host BSD style sockets, and of course all still powered by TCP/IP connections.
It is not "Out Of Bounds" to consider any *established* connection
a channel. Even if only two agents are communicating.
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
channel
noun
[ `IRC`_ ] The basic unit of discussion on {IRC}.
Once one joins a channel,
everything one types is read by others
on that channel.
Channels are named with strings that begin with a
# sign and can have topic descriptions
(which are generally irrelevant to the actual subject of discussion).
At times of international crisis, #report has hundreds of members, some of whom take
turns listening to various news services and typing in summaries of the
news, or in some cases, giving first-hand accounts of the action (e.g.,
Scud missile attacks in Tel Aviv during the Gulf War in 1991).
-- Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
channel
`chatroom`_
`room`_
(Or "chat room", "room", depending on the system in
question) The basic unit of group discussion in {chat} systems
like {`IRC`_}.
Once one joins a channel, everything one types is
read by others on that channel. Channels can either be named
with numbers or with strings that begin with a "#" sign and
can have topic descriptions (which are generally irrelevant to
the actual subject of discussion).
-- Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015)
........................................................................
Circles
-------
* Noun
- a grouping of friends
- a set of followed accounts
* verb `Circle` or Circles
To place a boundary around a qualified group of some kind.
"She Circles the members of the arts group who like Plato and Picasso."
see: `Group`_ `Channels`_ { `Hubzilla`_ , `Osada`_ }
........................................................................
CIT
---
also _`IT`
* noun, Acronym
Computing (and) Information Technology
see: `Acronym`_ , `TLA`_
Client
------
* Noun
- Normally the `Operators`_ side of a `Server`_ Connection.
- A Client communicates to a Service on a Users behalf.
- The Client is the Software asking for a `Service`_ from a Server.
A Client might ask for an Icon for a users `Avatar`_
or A journal page from a Web Server.
There need not be any active human intervention.
Most client to server connections are actually made
transparently with no intervention at all.
The definition needs to be made per Service `Instance`_
as some Services can be both clients and servers.
Mail Transfer Agents (MTA) are both.
Web Servers _often_ act as clients while being proxies for other software.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
client
A computer system or process that requests a
service of another computer system or process (a "{server}")
using some kind of {protocol} and accepts the server's
responses. A client is part of a {client-server} software
architecture.
For example, a {workstation} requesting the contents of a file
from a {file server} is a client of the file server.
-- (1997-10-27)
........................................................................
Clone
-----
also: _`clones`
* Noun
Simply a duplicate. A copy.
* Verb
To make a duplicate of some set of information or other data.
e.g.
"I make clones of my account to host on other Hubzilla servers."
" I may clone my Pleroma contacts list for import into mastodon
and pleroma Instances."
see: `Hubzilla`_ `Osada`_ `Pleroma`_
........................................................................
Commons
-------
* Noun
- A place where something is held for the **Common Good**.
- The interface that allows access to information held in common.
Wikipedia is a Commons.
In that it holds knowledge in common.
Much of the Internet Archive may also be described as a commons.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
commons
1: a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area;
"they went for a walk in the park"
[syn: {park}, {commons}, {common}, {green}]
2: a pasture subject to common use
[syn: {commons}, {common land}]
3: a class composed of persons lacking clerical or noble rank
[syn: {commonalty}, {commonality}, {commons}]
4: the common people
[syn: {third estate}, {Commons}]
-- WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006)
Networked Commons
.................
A commons is a centralized web content hosting site,
where users are able to freely contribute,
and retrieve their own or others' content at will.
from : https://indieweb.org/commons
(with edits )
Commons usually exhibit these characteristics:
- run by non-profits or informal communities.
- allow using external web-based identity for `sign-in`_
(e.g. `OpenID`_, web sign-in/`IndieAuth`_)
- allow posting of some kind of `content`_
(text, images, etc.)
- may require contributions be licensed with a standard open content license
(CC0, CC-BY, MIT, GPL, Public Domain)
- enabling (or no explicit) terms of service (`TOS`_)
- little or no claim of ownership of any content contributed
- little or no restriction on import/export of contributed content
or data about such content (e.g. comments, tags)
Compare: `silos`_
-- `[IndieWeb-Commons-Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/commons
see: `FSF`_ `IndieWeb`_ `Lockin`_
........................................................................
Community
---------
* Noun
- A group with identified attributes
that collaborate, often for their collective good.
- Individuals are usually members of many communities.
Community is a central concept for all Social Media.
see: `Network`_
Community at the UI
...................
(User Interface)
A Community may be a selection of account feeds filtered
through a sieve.
Concepts at `Friendica`_ seem portable enough to use here:
- Global Community :
Every Account your host can see.
Much the same as `The Whole Known Network`_
- Local Community :
Messages from `Accounts`_ hosted locally on your Server.
- Friends :
A selection of Accounts or other groupings you have "`Followed`_".
These may be further organised , into `Groups`_ , `Lists`_ or `Aspects`_.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Community
\Com*mu"ni*ty\, n.; pl. {Communities}. [L. communitas:
cf. OF. communit['e]. Cf. {Commonalty}, and see {Common}.]
1. Common possession or enjoyment; participation; as, a
community of goods.
[1913 Webster]
The original community of all things.
--Locke. [1913 Webster]
An unreserved community of thought and feeling.
--W. Irving. [1913 Webster]
2. A body of people having common rights, privileges, or
interests, or living in the same place under the same laws
and regulations; as, a community of monks. Hence a number
of animals living in a common home or with some apparent
association of interests.
[1913 Webster]
Creatures that in communities exist.
-- Wordsworth. [1913 Webster]
3. Society at large; a commonwealth or state; a body politic;
the public, or people in general.
[1913 Webster]
Burdens upon the poorer classes of the community.
-- Hallam. [1913 Webster]
Note: In this sense, the term should be used with the
definite article; as, the interests of the community.
-- [1913 Webster]
4. Common character; likeness. [R.]
[1913 Webster]
The essential community of nature between organic
growth and inorganic growth.
-- H. Spencer. [1913 Webster]
-- The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Contact
-------
* Noun
A person on your list of other people you message in the Fediverse.
see: `Contacts`_
* Verb
- Get in touch
- communicative interaction
"the pilot made contact with the base"
"he got in touch with his colleagues"
-- [Wordnet Browser]
Contacts
--------
* Noun
The list of entities (people) @names@placesin.Fediverse
that you have saved for reference.
This is not unlike an Email Clients Address book.
Depending on the Hosting System , and its Administration,
A `Contact`_ in your collection of *Contacts* may often
be configured to be:
- publicly viewable
- or private
Or simply set collectively to one state.
Further they may be organised into `Lists`_ or `Aspects`_ .
........................................................................
Content
-------
* Noun
The *information* of `Information Technology`_.
The ever elusive point to all of this :)
It may be:
text , sound , video , the code to an algorithm ....
A story, a gripe, seduction , or stamp collecting,
plain old showing off. Essentially human communication.
Anything that can reveal manipulate create or store information.
Anything that can transmit knowledge or some facsimile of such a device.
( a PNG file of a Photograph of a Petroglyph ... A Video with sound of the same. )
Anything that is a tool in those endeavours be that
Software Hardware or the systems that support those.
* *Rarely* in *this context* used to imply or contribute to the following:
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Content \Con*tent"\, n.
1. Rest or quietness of the mind in one's present condition;
freedom from discontent; satisfaction; contentment;
moderate happiness.
"Such is the fullness of my heart's content."
--Shakespeare. << yeah, Not normally that.
consider: `Data`_
Conversation
------------
also: Conversations
* Noun
- A dialog.
- `Chat`_ and interaction between Users are often labelled Conversations.
Selection of a Conversations "button" will take you to a listing of your recent conversations.
- A Friends `Feed`_.
CW
--
* Noun Acronym
*Content Warning*
On Social Media, particularly microblogging platforms
*CW* is used as a `flag`_ or `signal`_ to other users (and software filters)
to warn the recipient of possibly inappropriate content.
In many cases the users `interface`_ will hide the flagged `content`_
unless specifically selected.
* Verb
I would assume content might be "CWed".
(Language being a living thing.)
_`Continuous Wave`, _`Carrier Wave`
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
*CW*
(CW) A term from early {radio} history
for a {transmitter} using an {electron tube} (valve) {oscillator}
to constantly add energy to a {tuned circuit} connected to an
{antenna}.
The term is used in contrast with the use of a {spark gap} to
initiate a damped {sinusoidal wave} in a tuned circuit consisting
of an {inductor} and {capacitor}. The energy in this circuit
constantly changes between the capacitor's {electrostatic field}
and the inductor's {magnetic field}. The energy is then coupled
to the radiating antenna, loosely (so as not to dampen the wave
too quickly).
Some radio amateurs understand "CW" to mean transmission by
means a single frequency signal which is either on or off
(e.g. {Morse code}), as opposed to a carrier which varies
continuously in amplitude, frequency or phase. Some would
even call the former "unmodulated" even though turning on and
off is actually the most extreme form of amplitude modulation.
(2009-11-24)
........................................................................
--------
D is for
--------
DDG
---
* Noun Acronym
Duck Duck Go
An excellent Search Engine.
see: `[DDG]`_ https://duckduckgo.com/
......
Data
----
Also: _`data`, _`raw data`
* Noun
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
...
Numbers, characters, images, or other method of recording,
in a form which can be assessed by a human or (especially)
input into a computer, stored and processed there, or
`transmitted` on some digital channel.
...
Data on its own has no meaning , only when interpreted by some
kind of data processing system does it take on meaning and
become `information`_ .
For example, the binary data 01110101 might represent the integer
117 or the ASCII lower case U character or the blue component of
a pixel in some video.
Which of these it represents is determined by the way it
is processed (added, printed, displayed, etc.).
Even these numbers, characters or pixels however are still
not really information until their *context* is known...
(2007-09-10)
Data Stream
-----------
Also: _`Data Streams`, _`Stream` , _`Streaming`
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
stream
1. An {abstraction}
referring to any *flow* of data from a source (or sender, producer)
to a *single* sink (or receiver, consumer)*.
A stream usually flows through a channel
of some kind, as opposed to packets which may be addressed
and routed independently, possibly to multiple recipients.
Streams usually require some mechanism for establishing a
channel or a "connection" between the sender and receiver.
* Noun
A reference to an instance of a stream
* Verb
The act of streaming data.
e.g.
"NASA will `Stream` Video from the ISS from 08:00 UTC"
Data Mining
-----------
* Verb
From Wikipedia
Data mining is the process of discovering patterns in large data sets
involving methods at the intersection of
machine learning, statistics, and database systems.
Data mining is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science
with an overall goal to extract information (with intelligent methods)
from a data set and transform the information
into a comprehensible structure for further use.
-- `[WikiPedia-Data_23-Oct-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining
Like any other powerful tool it may be subject to abuse.
* It is a "cultural marker" of the Fediverse that use of
excessive or exploitative Data Mining Techniques is vigorously resisted.
DFRN
----
* Noun Acronym Protocol
Distributed Friends and Relations Network
A distributed authorisation protocol developed by Mike Macgirvin
Still used by `Friendica`_.
see: `Platform List`_
Diaspora
--------
Also: _`D*`, _`Diaspora Pods` , _`Diaspora* Pods`
* Noun
Diaspora `nodes`_ are referred to as `pods`_.
The name refers to dispersion, even invoking an Exodus away
from Centralised `silo` style networks. `[dd]`_
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
* the *dispersion or spreading* of something
that was originally localised
(as a people or language or culture)
From The Diaspora Foundation `[D*Website_Oct-2018]`_
diaspora*:
..........
is based on three key philosophies:
* Decentralisation _`[dd]`
Instead of everyone's data being held on huge central servers
*owned by a large organization*,
diaspora* exists on independently run servers ("pods") all over the world.
You choose which pod to register with,
and you can then connect seamlessly with the diaspora* community worldwide.
* Freedom
You can be whoever you want to be in diaspora*.
Unlike some networks, you don't have to use your real identity.
You can interact with people in whatever way you choose.
The only limit is your imagination.
diaspora* is also `Free Software`_ ,
giving you liberty over how you use it.
* Privacy
In diaspora* you own your data.
You don't sign over rights to a corporation or
other interest who could use it.
In addition, you choose who sees what you share, using `Aspects`_.
With diaspora*, your friends, your habits, and your content
is your business ... not ours!
D* Links
........
* `The Federation`
* `Diaspora Foundation`
* `Users FAQ`
see also: `Aspect`_ `Node`_ `Pod`_ `Federation`_ `Platform List`_
Diaspora Protocol
-----------------
* `Protocol`_ , Noun
`diaspora* federation protocol`
Used by Diaspora and The Friendica project. (at least)
Digital Rights
--------------
Loosely:
* Human Rights on the Internet
* Property Rights on the Internet
Wider:
* Amelioration of power imbalance and exploitation in digital environments.
"Privacy, Democracy, Fairness & Freedom in a digital age.
Digital rights are human rights which see their expression online."
-- `[DRW-au-Nov-2018]`_
See: `EFF`_ , `EFA`_ , `EDRi`_ , `ORG`_ , `FSF`_
Direct Message
--------------
_`DM`
* Noun
A message sent _directly to a users account.
May be a single recipient or many users in a _list or _group.
* Verb
To @message a person or group.
* example usage
*@sweetvince@vinarts.net will DM* **@gimpphotos@groups.podzrus.town** *tomorrow morning your time*
* Synonym
DM or even `message`_
* Notes
Often Shortened to 'DM' .
........................................................................
Discover
--------
* verb
Search Seek Find
Explore
Distributed
-----------
Also: _`Distributed Computing`
* Verb, Adjective
Computational, Storage and Networking tasks
are all distributed across many _`hosts`.
This is not simple baton passing (relaying messages) alone
but that plus storage of information and computation work being done.
Possibly, on many nodes,
on many networks,
across the Internet.
Cloud Computing is an example of distributed computing and there
are many, arguably more powerful approaches and concepts.
Distributed Computing is what networked hosts were born to do.
The concept predates computers with Central Processing Units.
(as we currently know them)
While examples from the Napoleonic era leap to mind , `[2m]`_
I am sure there would be earlier instances.
(Using visual signalling towers to relay messages along routes to end users.. naval Signalling)
World War Two was possibly the widest pre Integrated CPU era example
(human computers connected by duplex telephony and simplex teletype (like) machines)
Or possibly some business networks in the 1920's and 30's.
(which influenced the hardware and systems design of Military uses)
_`[2m]` I _could_ research this I guess :)
* Similar
Diversified, `Federated` , `Fediversed` , `Cluster`
see: `Federation`_ , `Fediverse`_ Erlang MPI
DNS
---
* Noun
The Domain Name System
The system that matches a human readable Name to an Internet Address.
simple examples
- google-public-dns-a.google.com. is mapped to 8.8.8.8
- youtube.com.au has address 172.217.25.142
From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms (September 2014) [vera]:
DNS
Domain Name System (Internet, RFC 1034/1035, DNS)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
DNS
1. {Domain Name System}.
2. Distributed Name Service. See {DECdns}.
........................................................................
--------
E is for
--------
Earth
-----
* Noun
- Third Rock from the Sun
- one of four elements composing the universe
-- Empedocles
- The planet where every cat whom has ever existed::
existed: nine times.
* synonyms:
Gaea, Ge, Terra, Tellus, Erde
The Whole World, The Globe,
Mother Earth
* verb
To electrically ground a circuit or device.
Notable Features
.................
More or less blue and white
Active Magnetosphere
Diverse Water-Centric Biosphere
Home to Cats, Mice and their Companion Animals
Point of Origin for all known selfies.
Point of Origin for all known technology
(( as of |publish time| : |date| |time| ))
May have civilisation.
Excellent Water Based Sports `[nc]`_
Earth Exports
.............
FFFpc
- Facile Febrile Fundamentalism
( possibly contagious )
AntiFFFpc
- Coffee Chocolate Cannabis Towels
( with remarkably little irony )
Potable Alcohol
Jazz
- The Nova Bossa Soundtrack to the Galaxy
Warnings
........
See All of the above
Do not drink anything called "C o o l Aide" `[ca]`_
Otherwise : **Mostly Harmless**
see: `babel fish`_ |(TM)| `HHGG`_ |(TM)| perspective , proportionality
........................................................................
EFA
---
* Noun Acronym
Electronic Frontiers Australia (Inc.)
.....................................
EFA is a non-profit national organisation
that has been promoting and protecting digital rights (civil liberties)
in Australia since it was established in January 1994.
EFA is completely independent from the USA's
Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF).
EFA is focused on issues directly affecting Australians,
while EFF has an American and also a broad international focus.
The Objects and Purposes
........................
#. To protect and promote the civil liberties
of users of computer based communications systems
and of those affected by their use.
#. To advocate the amendment of laws and regulations
in Australia and elsewhere
which restrict free speech and unfettered access to information.
#. To educate the community at large about the
social, political, and civil liberties issues
involved in the use of computer based communications systems.
#. To support, encourage and advise on the development
and use of computer based communication systems,
and related innovations.
#. To research and advise on the application of the law
(both current and proposed)
to computer based communication systems and related technologies.
-- `[EFA-about_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.efa.org.au/about/
see: `Digital Rights`_
ref also: `[DRW-au-Nov-2018]`_ https://digitalrightswatch.org.au/about/
EDRi
----
* Noun
European Digital Rights
.......................
Is an *association* of civil and human rights organisations
from across Europe.
Whenever citizens' rights and freedoms
in the online environment are endangered
by the actions of political bodies or
private organisations,
EDRi ensure that they are respected.
EDRi's key priorities for the next years are privacy,
surveillance, net neutrality and copyright reform.
-- `[EDRi-About_Oct-2018]`_ https://edri.org/about/
see: `Digital Rights`_
........................................................................
EFF
---
* Noun Acronym
The Electronic Frontier Foundation
..................................
Based in the USA the EFF is the leading nonprofit
organization defending civil liberties
in the digital world.
Founded in 1990, EFF champions user privacy, free expression,
and innovation through impact litigation, policy analysis,
grassroots activism, and technology development.
The EFF works to ensure that rights and freedoms are
enhanced and protected as our use of technology grows.
The EFF also provides some tools and guidelines to assist
users of Information Technology.
https://www.eff.org/pages/tools
-- `[EFF-About_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.eff.org/about
see: `Digital Rights`_
Emoticon
--------
_`emoticon` , _`:)`, _`:(`, _`\o/`
* Noun
Originally an ASCII character symbol (glyph) composed to
short hand an emotive intent in a piece of text.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
emoticon
n 1: a representation of a facial expression (as a smile or
frown) created by typing a sequence of characters in
sending email; ":-( and :-) are emoticons"
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
emoticon, _`:-)`, _`smiley`, _`smilies`
/ee-moh'ti-kon/ (Or "smiley") An {ASCII} {glyph}
used to indicate an emotional state in text-only {electronic
messaging} systems such as {chat}, {electronic mail}, {SMS} or
{news}. Although originally intended mostly as jokes,
emoticons are widely recognised if not expected; the lack of
verbal and visual cues can otherwise cause non-serious
comments to be misinterpreted, resulting in offence, arguments
and {flame wars}.
Hundreds of emoticons have been proposed, but only a few are
in common use. These include:
:-) "smiley face" (for humour, laughter,
friendliness, occasionally sarcasm)
:-( "frowney face" (for sadness, anger, or upset)
;-) "half-smiley" (ha ha only serious); also
known as "semi-smiley" or "winkey face".
:-/ "wry face"
These are more recognisable if you tilt your head to the left.
The first two are by far the most frequently encountered.
Hyphenless forms of them are also common. The acronym "{lol}"
is also often used in the same context for the same effect
(and is easier to type).
The emoticon was invented by one Scott Fahlman on the {CMU}
{bboard} systems on 1982-09-19. He later wrote: "I had no
idea that I was starting something that would soon pollute all
the world's communication channels." {GLS} confirms that he
remembers this original posting, which has subsequently been
{retrieved from a backup
(http://research.microsoft.com/~mbj/Smiley/BBoard_Contents.html)}.
As with exclamation marks, overuse of the smiley is a mark of
loserhood! More than one per paragraph is a fairly sure sign
that you've gone over the line.
[{Jargon File}]
(2010-05-16)
`WikiPedia emoticons` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emoticons
`Unicodes FAQ` https://www.unicode.org/faq/emoji_dingbats.html
see: `jargon`_
Emojis
------
_`(o|o)` http://www.emojitracker.com/
If you :
- do not communicate in pictograms in your daily cultural interactions
- your *consistently* using more than a couple per message
- are having a non casual conversation
Consider that Emojis are not displayed consistently
across platforms, interfaces, or even "Apps".
- Are you saying _what_ you think you are saying ?
- Are you saying _that_ with the _intent_ you mean ?
Your `i-Silo` and of course your `i-call`.
((Just Observations from Lived Experience.))
YMMV_
*Emojis can also be great fun*.
And *there is nothing wrong with that.*
see: `jargon`_
........................................................................
Erlang
------
A computer programming language
Notable in this glossary context as it was designed to be **robustly** `distributed`_
and enable what we now call `federation`_ all **concurrently** in the 1980's.
It is widely used. Especially in areas that require high reliability and resilience.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
Erlang
1. {Agner Krarup Erlang}. (The other senses were
named after him).
2. A concurrent {functional language} for large
industrial {real-time} systems by Armstrong, Williams and
Virding of Ellemtel, Sweden.
Erlang is untyped. It has {pattern matching} syntax,
{recursion equations}, explicit {concurrency}, {asynchronous
message passing} and is relatively free from {side-effects}.
It supports transparent cross-{platform} distribution. It has
primitives for detecting run-time errors, real-time {garbage
collection}, {modules}, {dynamic code replacement} (change
code in a continuously running real-time system) and a
{foreign language interface}.
It tends to hurt the heads of those programmers who have locked in
to procedural or Object based languages.
Some background in Set Theory may help.
Though don't drink too much cool-aide.
From Erlang.org ::
Erlang is a programming language used to
build massively scalable soft real-time systems
with requirements on high availability.
Some of its uses are in telecoms, banking, e-commerce,
computer telephony and instant messaging.
Erlang's runtime system has built-in support for concurrency, distribution and fault tolerance.
-- https://www.erlang.org/
see also:
https://github.com/erlang
https://learnyousomeerlang.com/
........................................................................
Event
-----
also: _`events`
* noun
An event is an organised gathering of people.
- Normally set for a specific time or a predictably repeating time.
- Often recorded in a calendar
which may be accessible by a group of people
or network propagated to subscribed individuals.
(email counts)
........................................................................
Export
------
* verb
To export your data is to download your contact lists ,
interface settings or , other listings from on Network Instance.
This allows you to move your personal contact lists and bio details
between instances of the same type (and often other types) .
This facility is widely supported in the Fediverse as the assumption
is that YOU own your data. It is not for data mining.
Export personal data
....................
* Export account
Export your account info and contacts.
Use this to backup your account or to move it to another server.
* Export all
Export your account info, contacts and all your items as json.
Could be a very big file, and could take a lot of time.
Use this to make a full backup of your account (photos are not exported)
-- `Friendica`_ (squeet.me) Settings Dialog Oct 2018
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
F is for
--------
FAQ
---
* noun
Frequently Asked Questions
........................................................................
FB
--
* noun acronym
- Face Book
- Facebook |(TM)|
- Face-Book
A huge monolithic Social Media platform.
That is actually a thinly disguised front for :
Galactic Groups |(TM)| Sirius Cybernetics |(TM)| Marketing Division |(TM)|.
see: `Platform List`_
Fediverse
---------
Also: _`The Fediverse` , _`Fediverse`
* Noun Verb
The descriptive title given to a set of social media services
that can communicate with each other.
Particularly using the ActivityPub protocol.
They May also talk to each other using standardised `protocols`_ including::
diaspora, Zot, OStatus, DFRN, as well as ActivityPub
Members of the Fediverse include:
`Mastodon Instances`_, `Diaspora Pods`_ ,
`Friendica Nodes`_ , `Pleroma Instances`_
`Hubzilla`_, `Socialhome`_, `GangGo`_, `postActive`_,
`Misskey`_, `PeerTube`_ and `GNUsocial Nodes`_ ,
see also: `Platform List`_
see also: Software Suites Overview
also see: Organic Design notes
The Not Divide
...............
Sometimes further divided into the `Federation`_ and The `Fediverse`_.
Generally; the Fediverse contains the Federation.
*The Division is centrally about which Networks support the `ActivityPub`_ protocol.*
- Those that do are (also) in the Fediverse.
- Those that don't (yet) are in the Federation.
Federation only networks can not easily communicate with Fediverse networks. `[fg]`_
The "division" is Post Hoc.
Its is almost as simple as the fact that ActivityPub was
not formally released use until recently. (2018)
Most Federation (era) networks are either in active deployment and
testing of ActivityPub or have future plans to.
Effectively this means *the current tendency is for wider, more
inclusive cooperation and Federation.*
*One Federated Distributed Fediverse with many flavours of networks.*
( |publish time| )
see also: `Federation`_ , `Service`_ , `Instance`_ , `Pod`_ , `Host`_ , `Node`_
and `Solid`_ , `Zot`_ , `Platform List`_
_`[fg]` There are gateways. `Diaspora`_ (Nov 2018) seems to be the only serious hold out.
........................................................................
Federated View
--------------
* Noun
A `follow stream` choice on some platforms.
`More or less` all of the fediverse.
All the posts your host can see.
see: `The Whole Known Network`_
........................................................................
Federation
----------
_`The Federation`
* Noun
The federation (in this context) is applied to the Services
that exploit protocols such as ::
Zot Red OStatus (stack) and Diaspora (protocol) OAuth
A recent Protocol `ActivityPub`
has grown out of the experiences of the early Federated systems
and is now an accepted formalised W3C standard.
From `The Federation Website`
(emphasis added)
**"The Federation"**
Refers to a global social network
composed of *nodes* that talk to each other.
Each of them is an installation of software which supports
one of the federated social web protocols.
(or more than one)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
The establishment of some or all of business
agreements, {cryptographic} trust and user identifiers or
attributes across security and policy domains to enable more
seamless business interaction.
As {web services} promise to enable integration between
business partners through {loose coupling} at the application
and messaging layer, federation does so at the identity
management layer, insulating each domain from the details of
the others' authentication and authorization. Key to this
loose coupling at the identity management layer are
standardized mechanisms and formats for the communication of
identity information between the domains. {SAML} is one such
standard.
-- (2011-05-12)
See also the super set: `Fediverse`_ . Which includes the `Federation`_
as a subset at least in the scope of Social Media.
_`Federate`
* verb
e.g.
Lets federate our XMPP server with the Fediverse.
_`Federated`
* Adjective
Services may be or become federated as they include protocols
that allow distributed operations.
e.g.
We have finally federated with the rest of the federation services.
Plugins or extensions exist for _some_ Fediverse Instances
to receive or send feeds to non-federated platforms.
Federation Notes
................
Some locally archived notes:
- SwitchingSocial Notes as a simple web page `[SwSoc-federation-html_Nov-2018]`_
- Same Notes directly in text `[SwSoc-federation-txt_Nov-2018]`_
see: `Platform List`_ `fediverse`_
........................................................................
Feed
----
Also: _`feeds` , _`data feed`
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
data feed
Some process for transferring {data} from
one system to another in a predetermined form.
(2009-05-17)
also: `RSS`_ , Home Feed , Global Feed, Local Feed
........................................................................
Filter
------
* verb
* Noun
syn: sort sieve
........................................................................
finger
------
also: _`pinky`
* Noun
- A `Service`_ run by a `Host`_ that provides details of
`Users`_ and possibly their current activity.
- `WebFinger`_ approximates this facility for Internet wide Social Media environments.
* Verb
- To `finger` somebody is to ask the fingerd service for details on somebody.
This protocol was (and still is used) to facilitate easy human access
to other people from the early days of computer networking.
Finger Notes
............
There are, of course, security implications and so
access to this service is usually restricted.
"Pinky" is a light weight finger.
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
finger
[WAITS, via BSD Unix]
1. n. A program that displays information about a particular user or all
users logged on the system, or a remote system. Typically shows full name,
last login time, idle time, terminal line, and terminal location (where
applicable). May also display a {plan file} left by the user (see also {
Hacking X for Y}).
2. vt. To apply finger to a username.
3. vt. By extension, to check a human's current state by any means::
"OK, finger Lisa and see if she's idle."
...
`[WikiPedia-Finger_Nov-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finger_protocol
`[Man-Finger_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.mankier.com/1/finger
see also: `webFinger`_
........................................................................
Flag
----
also: _`Flagged`
* Noun
A flag is an attribute set on an Object to assist filtering
or other sorting / decision process..
e.g. A flag may be set on a Message marking it Private,
or eyes only for some other grouping of accounts.
* Verb
To "flag' something is to set a marker. Often a warning of some sort.
This usage does not relate neatly with "traditional" programming uses:
Where a flag usually only has a couple of possible values.
like so:
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
flag
noun
[very common]
A variable or quantity that can take on one of two values;
a bit, particularly one that is used to indicate one of two outcomes
or is used to control which of two things is to be done.
see: `signal`_ , `CW`_ , semaphore, filter
........................................................................
Follow
------
also: _`Follows` and _`Followed`
* Verb
- To `subscribe` to another `users`_ message `feed`_ .
- To listen to their `accounts`_ `posts`_ .
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Framework
---------
* Noun
- Software Building Blocks or Scaffolding.
- A collection of software that forms the design template for other software.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
framework
1: a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process;
"the computer program was based on a model of the
circulatory and respiratory systems" [syn: {model},
{theoretical account}, {framework}]
2: the underlying structure; "providing a factual framework for
future research"; "it is part of the fabric of society" [syn:
{framework}, {fabric}]
3: a structure supporting or containing something
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
framework
In {object-oriented} systems, a set of {class}es that embodies
an abstract design for solutions to a number of related
problems.
(1995-01-30)
see: `Vue.js`_ Elixer Node.js Ostatus
see: `jargon`_
........................................................................
Free
----
see: `FSF`_
TODO
........................................................................
Free Software
-------------
See: `FSF`_
see `GNU`_
........................................................................
Friendica
---------
Also: _`Friendica Nodes`
Friendica servers are called "nodes".
Friendica supports a wide range of inter-service protocols.
It exploits a plugin mechanism (`API`_) to extend connectivity
to many non-federated Services as well. e.g. `G+`_
Friendica Federation
....................
Supported Connection Protocols:
* DFRN, OStatus, diaspora
StatusNet, GNU social, Quitter
ActivityPub ( maturing late 2018 )
Social Media Connects to:
* diaspora*, Hubzilla,
* Mastodon, Socialhome, GangGo,
* Pleroma, GNU Social, postActiv
* email via IMAP4rev1/ESMTP.
* RSS/Atom. (import data feeds from other sites)
Import arbitrary websites and blogs into your social stream via RSS/Atom feeds.
e.g. `Wordpress`_
Support for other services via plugins.
see : Features https://friendi.ca/about/features/
Friendica Links:
- `About Friendica`
- `Stats and overview`
- `Friendica Directory`
- `Friendica Nodes`
- `Linux Magazine`
- `Features`
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Frontend
--------
* Noun
The applications that work with services on behalf of a `Client`_.
Most of the Interaction you may have with your `Nodes`_ on the `Fediverse`_
is done through a Frontend.
(Your Web Browser Interfaces to `Friendica`_ or `GnuSocial`_ `Instances`_ for instance )
........................................................................
Funkwhale
---------
* Noun
- Funkwhale is a Free and Open music player for the Fediverse.
- Its federation features are currently limited to a bot or two.
- The interface is web based. (browser)
Funkwhale Federation
....................
from: https://docs.funkwhale.audio/features.html#federation [19-Oct-2018]
::
Each Funkwhale instance is able to fetch music from other compatible servers,
and share its own library on the network, in a process known as "federation".
Federation is implemented using the ActivityPub protocol,
in order to leverage existing tools and be compatible with other services such as Mastodon.
As of today, federation only targets music acquisition,
meaning user interactions are not shared via ActivityPub.
This will be implemented at a later point.
Funkwhale Links
...............
* Excellent Documentation :
* Working Demonstration server at :
-- `[Tilley_FW_Oct-2018]`_
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
FSF
---
also: _`The Free Software Foundation`
* Noun
The Free Software Foundation
The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a nonprofit
with a worldwide mission to promote computer user freedom.
[They] defend the rights of all software users.
...
Core Work
The FSF maintains historic articles
covering free software philosophy and
maintains the Free Software Definition
- to show clearly what must be true about
a particular software program for it to be considered free software.
The FSF sponsors the GNU project
- the ongoing effort to provide a complete operating system
licensed as free software.
We also fund and promote important free software development
and provide development systems for GNU software maintainers,
including full email and shell services and mailing lists.
We are committed to furthering the development
of the GNU Operating System
and enabling volunteers to easily contribute to that work,
including sponsoring Savannah the source code repository
and center for free software development.
-- `[FSF-Intro_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.fsf.org/about/
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
Free Software Foundation
FSF
(FSF) An organisation devoted to the creation and
dissemination of {free software}, i.e. software that is free
from licensing fees or restrictions on use. The Foundation's
main work is supporting the {GNU} project, started by {Richard
Stallman} (RMS), partly to proselytise for his position that
information is community property and all software source
should be shared.
see: `Digital Rights`_ , `GNU`_ ,
........................................................................
FreeBSD
-------
* noun
- A flexible `*Nix` type Operating System
from : The FreeBSD `FAQ`_
FreeBSD is a modern operating system for desktops, laptops,
servers, and embedded systems with support for a large number of platforms.
It is based on U.C. Berkeley's "4.4BSD-Lite" release,
with some "4.4BSD-Lite2" enhancements.
It is also based indirectly on William Jolitz's port of
U.C. Berkeley's "Net/2" to the i386#, known as "386BSD",
though very little of the 386BSD code remains.
FreeBSD is used by companies, Internet Service Providers,
researchers, computer professionals, students and home users
all over the world in their work, education and recreation.
-- `[FreeBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]`_
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
FreeBSD
A free {operating system} based on the {BSD
4.4-lite} release from {Computer Systems Research Group} at
the {University of California at Berkeley}.
FreeBSD requires an {ISA}, {EISA}, {VESA}, or {PCI} based
computer with an {Intel 80386SX} to {Pentium} CPU (or
compatible {AMD} or {Cyrix} CPU) with 4 megabytes of {RAM} and
60MB of disk space.
Some of FreeBSD's features are: {preemptive multitasking} with
dynamic priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair sharing
of the computer between applications and users. Multiuser
access - {peripherals} such as printers and tape drives can be
shared between all users. Complete {TCP/IP} networking
including {SLIP}, {PPP}, {NFS} and {NIS}. {Memory
protection}, {demand-paged virtual memory} with a merged
{VM}/{buffer cache} design. FreeBSD was designed as a {32 bit
operating system}. {X Window System} (X11R6) provides a
{graphical user interface}. {Binary compatibility} with many
programs built for {SCO}, {BSDI}, {NetBSD}, {386BSD}, and
{Linux}. Hundreds of ready-to-run applications in the FreeBSD
ports collection. FreeBSD is {source code compatible} with
most popular commercial {Unix} systems and thus most
applications require few, if any, changes to compile. {Shared
libraries}. A full compliment of {C}, {C++}, {Fortran} and
{Perl} development tools and many other languages. {Source
code} for the entire system is available. Extensive on-line
documentation.
{(http://freebsd.org/)}.
-- (1998-11-24)
see: `BSD`_ , `OS`_ , `NIXen`_
........................................................................
--------
G is for
--------
G+ Exodus 2018
--------------
- Oct 2018 Google+
- An exodus was just commencing.
Google |(TM)| had recently announced the "Sundowning" of the public G+ Platform.
A remarkable amount of collaborative effort was underway
as G+ Users explored alternatives.
`[G+MassMigrateGroup]`_
One astute User explained, with relevance and clarity,
some differences between "Centralised" and "Federated" Network Types.
`[G+GriefPost]`_
Her post follows with layout alterations only. ::
I will attempt to explain:
A centralized or private social network cannot connect
with other social network types.
Like FB, G+, MeWe, and Discord for example.
You would need an account on each one.
A federated social network is decentralized
meaning there are many servers instead of one server like those above.
Each of these servers uses at least one of the 6 protocols
to communicate with other federated servers or nodes.
If you make an account on any federated network type,
that is the only account you need.
You will be able to "friend" others
on the same or different federated network types.
Examples of the network types are: Mastodon, Diaspora, Friendica, and Hubzilla.
I have a Friendica account so I can connect with others
(and already have done so in testing)
who have pluspora, joindiaspora, hubzilla, mastodon, and other friendica accounts.
If you join social networks that are not federated,
you will not be able to use it to connect with those that are federated.
You can, I am told by an admin, mirror your G+ posts to your Friendica account.
I am looking at how to set that up for my own account.
-- `[Ayres_Oct-2018]`_
see: `jargon`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
GAFA
----
* noun Acronym
Google, Amazon, Facebook and Apple
(sometimes called "GAFA")
see: `Jargon`_ , `Acronym`_
........................................................................
GangGo
------
* Noun
A Network in the Fediverse
TODO
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
G Plus
------
Also: _`G+`
* Noun
- A Non Federated Social Media Platform.
- Operated by Google (TM)
- Alphabet owns Google
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Glossary
--------
* Noun
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Glossary \Glos"sa*ry\, n.; pl. {Gossaries}. [L. glossarium, fr.
glossa: cf. F. glossaire. See 3d {Gloss}.]
A collection of glosses or explanations of words and passages
of a work or author; a partial dictionary of a work, an
author, a dialect, art, or science, explaining archaic,
technical, or other uncommon words.
[1913 Webster]
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
glossary
n 1: an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized
field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a
text on that field [syn: {glossary}, {gloss}]
see: `Glossary`_
........................................................................
GNU
---
* acronym ((recursive))
A `*Nix`
From |GNU| :
The name "GNU" is a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix!";
it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g.
GNU was launched by Richard Stallman (rms) in 1983,
as an operating system which would be put together by people
working together for the freedom of all software users
to control their computing. rms remains the Chief GNUisance today.
The primary and continuing goal of GNU is to
offer a Unix-compatible system that would be 100% free software.
Not 95% free, not 99.5%, but 100%.
The name of the system, GNU, is a recursive acronym meaning
*GNU's Not Unix*
- a way of paying tribute to the technical ideas of Unix,
while at the same time saying that GNU is something different.
Technically, GNU is like Unix. But unlike Unix, GNU gives its users freedom.
...
The ultimate goal is to provide free software
to do all of the jobs computer users want to do ...
-- `[GNU_Oct-21-2018]`_ https://www.gnu.org/gnu/about-gnu.html
The software suite under the `FSF`_ / GNU's aegis is, arguably,
foundational to the contemporary computing and the Internet itself.
It is certainly enabling.
The FSF maintain a software listing here:
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
-- `[FSF-List_Oct-21-2018]`_
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
GNU
/g*noo/ 1. A {recursive acronym}:
"GNU's Not Unix!". The {Free Software Foundation}'s project
to provide a freely distributable replacement for {Unix}. The
GNU Manifesto was published in the March 1985 issue of
Dr. Dobb's Journal but the GNU project started a year and a
half earlier when {Richard Stallman} was trying to get funding
to work on his freely distributable editor, {Emacs}.
{Emacs} and the GNU {C} compiler, {gcc}, two tools designed
for this project, have become very popular. GNU software is
available from many {GNU archive sites}.
see also: `Unix`, `Nixen`, `*Nix`, `*BSD`, `suite`, `FSF`_ ,
`[GNU-Oct-2018]`_ :
........................................................................
GNUsocial
---------
also: _`GNU Social`, _`GNUSocial`, _`gnusocial nodes`
* Noun
From:
gnusocial.cc is one of many GNU social-/StatusNet-instances.
gnusocial.cc is a project using the GNU social - / `StatusNet`_ -system,
combined with a familiar user interface (UI).
GNU social/StatusNet is a decentralised microblogging platform.
Users of one instance (or: service) can follow, be followed by,
and communicate with users of any other instance.
Other instances are, e.g.,
loadaverage.org, status.vinilox.eu, micro.fragdev.com, gnusocial.de,
indy.im, quitter.no, rainbowdash.net, etc.
The current number of microblogging instances using the GNU social/StatusNet software
is probably about 50, gnusocial.cc is one of them.
As they all use the same software (GNU social/StatusNet) and transmission protocol (`OStatus`_),
they can talk to each other just like e-mail servers can talk to each other,
even though they are independent and run by different companies.
-- `[gnuSocial_Oct-2018]`_
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Gopher
------
* Noun
A document retrieval system from the 1990's.
Gopher is offered as an extra `protocol`_ by some `networks`_. `[pg]`_
While still `Internet` based (TCP/IP) Gopher
is "off the Web" and surprisingly flexible.
(enough of both to be a quietly useful medium)
Gophers live on Port 70 and are persistent little critters. :)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
gopher
A {distributed} document retrieval
system which started as a {Campus Wide Information System} at
the {University of Minnesota}, and which was popular in the
early 1990s.
Gopher is defined in {RFC 1436}. The protocol is like a
primitive form of {HTTP} (which came later). Gopher lacks the
{MIME} features of HTTP, but expressed the equivalent of a
document's {MIME type} with a one-character code for the
"{Gopher object type}". At time of writing (2001), all Web
browers should be able to access gopher servers, although few
gopher servers exist anymore.
{Tim Berners-Lee}, in his book "Weaving The Web" (pp.72-73),
related his opinion that it was not so much the protocol
limitations of gopher that made people abandon it in favor of
HTTP/{HTML}, but instead the legal missteps on the part of the
university where it was developed::
"It was just about this time, spring 1993, that the University
of Minnesota decided that it would ask for a license fee from
certain classes of users who wanted to use gopher. Since the
gopher software being picked up so widely, the university was
going to charge an annual fee. The browser, and the act of
browsing, would be free, and the server software would remain
free to nonprofit and educational institutions. But any other
users, notably companies, would have to pay to use gopher
server software.
"This was an act of treason in the academic community and the
Internet community. Even if the university never charged
anyone a dime, the fact that the school had announced it was
reserving the right to charge people for the use of the gopher
protocols meant it had crossed the line. To use the
technology was too risky. Industry dropped gopher like a hot
potato."
-- (2001-03-31)
*Hot Potato* or not Gopher is (apparently) still a useful "out of band"
method for sharing information.
RFC 1436 is quite digestible.
_`[pg]` the `tildeverse` and `pleroma`_ for instance , but there will be others.
see also: `Protocol`_ , `URI`_ , `URL`_
`[RFC1436_Nov-2018]`_ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1436
`[CatsGopherHWY_Nov-2018]`_ https://gopher.zone/posts/how-to-gophermap/
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Graphic
-------
Also: _`graphical`
TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO
see: `Content`_ , 'Video' , `Attachment`
........................................................................
Gravatar
--------
* noun
A "Gravatar" is a Globally Recognised `Avatar`_.
You upload it and create your profile just once,
and then when you participate in any Gravatar-enabled site,
your Gravatar image will automatically follow you there.
Gravatar is a free service for site owners,
developers, and users.
It is automatically included in every WordPress.com account
`[Gravatar_Oct-2018]`_ https://en.gravatar.com/support/what-is-gravatar/
........................................................................
Grid
----
* Noun
- A network of `nodes`_ with no central node(s).
- A `Federated`_ (distributed) matrix of `Hubzilla`_ Hubs.
........................................................................
Group
-----
also: _`Groups`
* Noun
- A filtered set of User Accounts
- A contact list.
- A set of people who only get a message sent to *them collectively*.
* verb
To collect together a set of users accounts by some common factor.
synonyms: `Lists`_ , `Aspects`_ , `Views`_ , Circles
........................................................................
GUI
---
also: _`UI`
* noun , acronym
- Graphical User Interface
- User Interface
A more Human Friendly Interface_ that enables operations
of vast collections of software.
see: `Interface`_ , `Graphic`
see: `jargon`_
........................................................................
Guest
-----
* Noun
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
guest
1: a visitor to whom hospitality is extended [syn: {guest},
{invitee}]
2: United States journalist (born in England) noted for his
syndicated homey verse (1881-1959) [syn: {Guest}, {Edgar
Guest}, {Edgar Albert Guest}]
3: a customer of a hotel or restaurant etc.
4: *(computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a
computer network*
[syn: {`node`_}, {`client`_}, {guest}]
* Verb
A perfectly sane system administrator might say:
" We guest (many) hosts on our virtual hosts,
and most of those guests are hosts. "
The more correct alternative being:
" We host (many) hosts on our virtual hosts,
and all of those hosts are also hosting services. "
see: `host`_ , `network`_ , `node`_
........................................................................
--------
H is for
--------
Handle
------
* Noun
In a Social Media context a handle is a name that identifies an account.
A handle identifies a human, a group or `bot`_.
Essentially it functions as your name or `Nickname`_.
`Nick`_ is essentially a synonym for Handle.
A *Handle* may also uniquely Identify a node or host
much as shop front iconography or as web-address does
for other networked systems.
see also: @handle@node.domain
The term "Handle" is still widely used
in Information Technology, and other communications contexts.
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
handle
noun.
1. [from CB slang] An electronic pseudonym; a nom de guerre intended to
conceal the user's true identity. Network and BBS handles function as the
same sort of simultaneous concealment and display one finds on Citizen's
Band radio, from which the term was adopted. Use of grandiose handles is
characteristic of {warez d00dz}, {cracker}s, {weenie}s, {spod}s, and other
lower forms of network life; true hackers travel on their own reputations
rather than invented legendry. Compare {nick}, {screen name}.
2. A {magic cookie}, often in the form of a numeric index into some array
somewhere, through which you can manipulate an object like a file or
window. The form file handle is especially common.
3. [Mac] A pointer to a pointer to dynamically-allocated memory; the extra
level of indirection allows on-the-fly memory compaction (to cut down on
fragmentation) or ageing out of unused resources, with minimal impact on the
(possibly multiple) parts of the larger program containing references to
the allocated memory. Compare {snap} (to snap a handle would defeat its
purpose); see also {aliasing bug}, {dangling pointer}.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
handle
1. A simple item of data that
identifies a resource. For example, a {Unix} file handle
identifies an open file and associated data such as whether it
was opened for read or write and the current read/write
position. On the {Macintosh}, a handle is a pointer to a
pointer to some dynamically-allocated memory. The extra level
of indirection allows on-the-fly {memory compaction} or
{garbage collection} without invalidating application program
references to the allocated memory.
2. An alias used intended to conceal a user's true
identity in an electronic message. The term is common on
Citizen's Band and other amateur radio but, in that context
usually means the user's real name as {FCC} rules forbid
concealing one's identity.
Use of grandiose handles is characteristic of {crackers},
{weenies}, {spods}, and other lower forms of network life;
true hackers travel on their own reputations.
Compare {nick}.
[{Jargon File}]
3. {domain handle}.
(2004-07-20)
see: `jargon`_
....................................................................
Hashtag
-------
also: _`#hashtag` , _`HashTag`
* Noun
* verb
....................................................................
HCard
-----
also: _`h-card`
* Noun
- A web version of a Vcard. Essentially your `addressbook` details.
- A short simple formalised "micro-format" for `finger`_ like information.
" h-card is a simple, open format for publishing people and organisations on the web.
h-card is one of several open microformat draft standards suitable for *embedding data in HTML*."
-- `[Micro_Hcard-Nov-2018]`_ http://microformats.org/wiki/h-card
So an short simple HTML addressbook "snippet".
see also: `WebFinger`_
.....................................................................
Head
----
also: _`Header`
* noun
- The top line of a message.
- The first item of a list.
- Top of the page.
- The thing that holds the thing you may think with.
........................................................................
Host
----
* Noun
A machine or place on a `network`_.
A host may be a Work Station an Internet Of Things Appliance
or any other device that has an Operating System and / or
the ability to utilise its network connections.
* Verb
*Host* or *Hosts*
A Server is an Instance_ of a Host_ that itself
Hosts services for other computers or network nodes.
A node may host software.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
1. A computer connected to a {network}.
The term node_ includes devices such as routers and printers
*which would not normally be called "hosts"*.
2. A computer to which one connects using a
terminal emulator.
-- (1995-02-16)
........................................................................
Hub
---
also: _`Hubs`
A `Hubzilla`_ or `Osada`_ `Node`_ is called a hub.
Hubs are interconnected into Federated grids.
see: `Osada`_ `Network`_ `Federation`_ `Instance`_
........................................................................
Hubzilla
--------
* Noun
*Hubzilla* is a fully featured social media platform and more.
This information is from the Hubzilla development site:
- Hubzilla `Instances`_ (nodes) are called Hubs.
- The Hubs `Federate`_ into a `Grid`_.
- The Hubs can see much of the rest of the `Fediverse`_.
- Access and Identity are portable across (at least) The Hubzilla Grid.
- All web connections are encrypted ( https ).
- All storage is encrypted.
( as of |publish time| )
Hubzilla Federation
...................
Hubzilla supports
`Zot`_, `OStatus`_, `diaspora`_, `ActivityPub`_
Which should get you connected to the fediverse and beyond.
see these notes to engage all the protocols:
`[fedi-hubzilla-protocols_Nov-2018]`_ https://fediverse.party/en/hubzilla/
Hubzilla Notes
..............
From: `[HubzillaDevelopment-Oct-2018]` https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project
"Hubzilla is a powerful platform for creating interconnected websites
featuring a decentralized identity, communications,
and permissions framework built using common webserver technology."
- The Grid
#. The Grid is a decentralised network of Hubzilla Hubs.
#. This is similar to federation.
#. There is no single point of failure and no master server.
#. So I guess Hubzilla is a Hub Monster ?
- Channels
Hubzilla emphasises the concept of `Channel`_
to include almost any browsable meta grouping.
- A user account is a channel,
- An account may be cloned and imported into any other hubzilla.
- A group of accounts may be a channel,
- A web site may be a channel,
- A collection of images may be a channel
Think of Hubzilla channels as:
A Collection that you can *selectively share*.
Access and privacy are central to these channels and even portable.
- Nomadic Identity
A Hubzilla Identity is portable across other Hubzilla Hubs and
anywhere the `Zot`_ protocol is supported.
Zot allows completely decentralised communications and
insulation from `DNS`_ based identity.
[aside]
It *should* not matter where you are,
or how many proxies you hopped through to arrive there.
"
With Hubzilla, you don't have an "account" on a server
like you do on typical websites;
you own an `identity`_ that you can take with you
across the `grid`_ by using `clones`_.
"
-- `[Osada-About-Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about
[/aside]
- On-line Storage
Hubs may offer `cloud` like storage allocations using `WebDav` and Browser uploads.
-- `[Hubzill-start_Oct-24-2018]`_ https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
I is for
--------
Icon
----
* noun
See also: `Avatar`_
........................................................................
Identity
--------
TODO
see: `Hubzilla`_ `Osada`_
IndieAuth
---------
* protocol
- IndieAuth is a `federated`_ `login`_ `protocol`_ for Web sign-in. (log in)
Enabling users to *use their own domain* (or dedicated service) `[od]`_ to sign in to
sites, plaforms and services.
- IndieAuth `OAuth2`_ like Sign-Ins `[od]`_ for the more Open Distributed Web.
IndieAuth is an extension to OAuth 2.0 that
enables any website to become its own identity provider.
It builds on OAuth 2.0, taking advantage of all the
existing security considerations and best practices in the industry
around authorization and authentication.
-- `[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]`_
IndieAuth enables Clients to:
- verify the `identity`_ of an End-User.
- obtain an access `token` that can be used
to access resources under the control
of that verified *End-User*.
One objective is to decentralise the Authorisation system.
(away from the big silo type providers)
You might use it to handle remote logins to your social media service.
Especially as you shift across devices, applications and locations.
_`[od]` Instead of "Login With" Google,Facebook or Github for example.
IndieAuth is an extension to `OAuth`_ 2.0 [RFC6749],
(is used by `Micropub`_ clients for example).
IndieAuth Architecture
.......................
IndieAuth starts with the assumption that every identifier is a `URL`_.
Users as well as applications are identified and represented by a `URL`_.
When a user logs in to an application, they start by entering their personal home page `URL`_.
The application fetches that `URL`_ and finds where to send the user to authenticate,
then sends the user there,
and can later verify that the authentication was successful.
-- `[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]`_
How IndieAuth works
...................
Basic flow with a user signing in to a (web) app
#. The user fills in his/her personal `URL`_
This is called Web sign-in.
#. The app fetches the `URL`_, looking for an authorization endpoint.
For this, the user can use IndieAuth.com,
but it can also be at their own domain.
The app redirects the User to their authorization endpoint.
#. The user authenticates at their own authorization endpoint.
- IndieAuth.com uses RelMeAuth to authenticate users,
- but if a user uses an authorization endpoint on his/her own site,
it can be a password, e-mail link,
or any other authentication mechanism
the authorization endpoint provides.
#. They [the user] prove their identity to their authorization endpoint
while the app waits for them to complete.
#. The authorization endpoint
issues a **temporary authorization code**,
and sends it to the app by redirecting
the user's browser back to the app.
#. The app checks the code with the authorization endpoint,
- and if the code is valid
- and if the *user's* identifier matches the *endpoints* identifier
#. the login is completed,
- and the user can enter and use the app.
-- `[IndieAuth-IW_Nov-2018]`_
[Some edits and emphasis added.]
IndieAuth Links
...............
`[IndieAuth-AAParecki_Nov-2018]`_ https://aaronparecki.com/2018/07/07/7/oauth-for-the-open-web
`[IndieAuth-W3_Nov-2018]`_
`[IndieAuth-IW_Nov-2018]`_
This mozilla.org link has a good overview:
`[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]`_ https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/10/dweb-identity-for-the-decentralized-web-with-indieauth/
see : `OAuth`_ `webmention`_ , `micropub`_ ,
`microformats`_ , `Silos`_, `IndieWeb`_
........................................................................
IndieWeb
--------
The Independent Web
from: https://indieweb.org/
What is the IndieWeb?
.....................
- The IndieWeb is a people-focused alternative to the "corporate web".
- Your content is yours
- When you post something on the web,
it should belong to you, not a corporation.
Too many companies have gone out of business and lost all of their users' data.
- By joining the IndieWeb, your content stays yours and in your control.
- You are better connected
- Your articles and status messages can go to all services,
not just one,
allowing you to engage with everyone.
Even replies and likes on other services can come back
to your site so they're all in one place.
- You are in control
- You can post anything you want,
- in any format you want,
- with no one monitoring you.
In addition, you share simple readable links
such as **example.com/ideas.**
These links are permanent and will always work.
-- `[indieweb-org_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/
see : `silos`_ , `indieauth`_ , `webmention`_ , `micropub`_ , `microformats`_ ,
........................................................................
Information
-----------
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
_`information` (Noun) ::
- 1: a message received and understood
[syn: {information},{info}]
- 2: knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction
- 3: formal accusation of a crime
- 4: a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn;
"statistical data"
[syn: {data}, {information}]
- 5: (communication theory) a numerical measure of the uncertainty
of an outcome; "the signal contained thousands of bits of
information"
[syn: {information}, {selective information}, {entropy}]
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
information (Noun) ::
The result of applying data processing to data,
giving it context and meaning. Information can then be
further processed to yield knowledge.
People or computers can find patterns in data to perceive
information, and information can be used to enhance
{knowledge}. Since knowledge is prerequisite to wisdom, we
always want more data and information. But, as modern
societies verge on {information overload}, we especially need
better ways to find patterns.
1234567.89 is data.
"Your bank balance has jumped 8087% to $1234567.89"
- is information.
"Nobody owes me that much money"
- is knowledge.
"I'd better talk to the bank before I spend it,
because of what has happened to other people"
- is wisdom.
(2007-09-10)
........................................................................
Information Technology
----------------------
see: `CIT`_ , `IT`_ , `jargon`_
TODO
........................................................................
Instances
---------
also: _`Instance`
* Noun
An example of something.
* Verb
TODO
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Interface
---------
* noun
The controlling mechanism(s) utilised to interact with a device.
* verb
The act of interacting with or controlling a device.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
_`interface` noun.
1. a surface forming a common boundary between two things,
especially between two fluids. [WordNet sense 1]
[WordNet 1.5]
2. (Computers) hardware that links one device with another
(especially a computer). [WordNet sense 2]
[WordNet 1.5]
3. (Computers) **That part of a computer program which controls
the way a program interacts with a user; the manner of
inputting and outputting of data, and the way information
is presented on a computer monitor; also called {user
interface}; as, a graphical user interface; a
character-based interface.**
[PJC]
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
interface (noun)
1. (chemistry) a surface forming a common boundary between two
things (two objects or liquids or chemical phases)
2. (computer science)
**a program that controls a display for the
user (usually on a computer monitor)
and that allows the user to interact with the system**
[syn. {interface}, {user interface}]
3. the overlap where two theories or phenomena affect each other
or have links with each other; "the interface between
chemistry and biology"
4. (computer science) computer circuit consisting of the
hardware and associated circuitry that links one device with
another (especially a computer and a hard disk drive or other
peripherals)
[syn: {interface}, {port}]
........................................................................
Instant Messaging
-----------------
* Noun
TODO
* Verb
see: `XMPP`_ also: `IRC`_
and : `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Import
------
* Verb
syn: Copy
........................................................................
IANAL
-----
* acronym
I Am Not A Lawyer
see: `acronym`_
IETF
----
* noun
Internet Engineering Task Force
IETF
(IETF) The IETF is a large, open
international community of network designers, operators,
vendors and researchers whose purpose is to coordinate the
operation, management and evolution of the {Internet} and to
resolve short- and mid-range {protocol} and architectural
issues. It is a major source of proposals for {protocol}
{standards} which are submitted to the {Internet Architecture
Board} (IAB) for final approval.
see: `jargon`_
........................................................................
IMHO
----
also: _`IMO`
* Acronym Phrase
In My Humble Opinion
In My Opinion
see: `acronym`_
........................................................................
IRC
---
also: _`chatroom`
* Noun Acronym
Internet Relay `Chat`
see: `Chat`_ `Channel`_ `XMPP`_ also
`jabber`_ `room`_ `chat room`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
J is for
--------
JSON
-----
* Noun Standard
Noun
A description of a text based structure that is readily transportable across networks in any domain.
Defined as an ECMA standard
Widely used in ephemeral areas of web programming.
MORE TODO
........................................................................
Jabber
------
* Noun
The original (and still widely used) name for `XMPP`_
see also: `XMPP`_ , `Instant Messaging`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Jargon
------
* Noun
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Jargon \Jar"gon\, n. [F. jargon, OF. also gargon, perh. akin to
E. garrulous, or gargle.]
1. Confused, unintelligible language; gibberish. "A barbarous
jargon."
--Macaulay. "All jargon of the schools."
--Prior. [1913 Webster]
2. Hence: an artificial idiom or dialect; cant language;
slang. Especially, an idiom with frequent use of informal
technical terms, such as acronyms, used by specialists.
"All jargon of the schools." --Prior.[1913 Webster]
The jargon which serves the traffickers.
--Johnson. [1913 Webster]
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
jargon
Language specific to some field of human
endeavour, in this case, computing, that might not be understood
by those outside that area.
The {Jargon File} is the definitive collection of computing
jargon.
(2014-09-01)
Apparently all creatures with thumbs and a culture develop jargon.
`Computing and Information Technologies` (`CIT`_) not least of all.
Social Media communication is riddled with often ephemeral instances.
- Often used as shorthand.
- May be used as a "status marker" of acquired knowledge and implied expertise. `[sm]`_
- Occasionally jargon is weaponised and used to exclude or ridicule. `[sm]`_
*Jargon is often a barrier* for *Newbs* (New Users).
- Jargon may obfuscate ideas, concepts and process.
- Jargon is often less precise and more context specific,
than a proponent often assumes or may even, reasonably expect.
Excessive use of jargon outside of some well lubricated social context, `[wc]`_
is usually an indicator of desperate obfuscation, pretence ,
or enthusiastically acquired freshly stamped proto knowledge. `(*0*)` . `:-)`_
Otherwise it is a sure sign of some sort of , of , of, intoxy...
* _`[sm]` This sort of sneery patrician behaviour is generally considered to be a bad thing.
* _`[wc]` Say an office end of year do. Where cab charges and booze had been liberally allocated.
see: `CIT`_ , `IT`_ , `TLA`_
........................................................................
--------
K is for
--------
Not much yet
------------
kernels or kits or something I expect
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
L is for
--------
Linux
-----
* Noun
A widely used Operating System.
Often bundled with suites of Software called "Distros".
Linux is the actual operating system in those cases in spite of common usage.
An operating systems primary purpose is to enable software to Operate
on various diverse lumps of electronic and optical circuitry.
Anything else is a bonus.
see: `BSD`_ `OS`_
........................................................................
List
----
also: _`Lists`
* noun
Simply a list of Contacts
or sometimes people you don't want to Contact.
(It Happens)
* Verb
To add an element to a list.
see also: `Contacts`_ , `Aspects`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
LockIn
------
also: _`Lock in` _`Vendor LockIn`
_`proprietary lock-in` _`customer lock-in`
TODO rambles REWRITE jump to the references ...
Short For
_`Vendor Locked In`
The Borg at Work
................
Somehow this concept escaped "acronyisation"
- When you can't apply solutions beyond the `silo`_ :
** YOU are locked in. **
- Opportunity Costs at all levels are non-linear.
- Aims to excludes external interaction even global standards
The Network effects of the Connected 21st century
*enable* <&&> *amplify* this phenomenon:
- on a scale barely conceivable a half century ago.
- now possible for a vendor to achieve market and conceptual dominance
- with locked in clients
- at extremely low marginal costs.
- per unit cost is (almost) not worth measuring.
Lockin Examples
...............
Facebook's |(TM)| dominance of _commercialised_ Social Media.
Googles capture of the technological, design(s) and "mind spaces"
of searching are just two examples.
Lockin is not always a "bad thing".
Sometimes it organically grows into an enabling `Standardisation`::
If the "Plain Old Telephone System" (POTS)
had not been so successfully woven
into human culture it is unlikely you would reading this at all.
`[Wikipedia-VLockIn_Nov-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendor_lock-in
`[LinInfo-VLockIN-Nov-2018]`_ http://www.linfo.org/vendor_lockin.html
........................................................................
Log
---
Also: _`Logging` , _`Logs`
* Noun
A file(s) where a record of activity is kept.
This is most often automatically produced
as part of the normal operations of Network Services.
Often text based communications are recorded and
archived for later searching and reference.
Common examples include `IRC`_ , `XMPP`_ and other `Chat`_ Systems.
Web and Mail Servers.
Assume any service has active logs.
* Verb
"To *log* something"
Is to make a record of a transaction or proposed action for later reference.
Examples
"The Mail Server *logs* all access attempts"
"The Admin will *log* the Chat session and mail the *logs* to all participants."
........................................................................
Login
-----
Also: _`Log In`
* Noun
A *Login* is a current `Account`_.
e.g. " My Login on the Pleroma Server is still valid. "
* Verb
To "*Login*" is to access your account.
Usually you are starting a `session`_ with a `service`_ or on a `host`_.
Around `distributed`_ `networking`_ the `authorisation`_ process
is often itself distributed.
`IndieAuth`_ and `OAuth`_ are two examples.
`Zot`_ is another _similar_ Protocol.
You know one these are in use when you are offered a
"login with" => `some.other.network` dialog.
see also: `Session`_ , `Account`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
LOL
---
* acronym
Laugh Out Loud
It may be surprising to the reader to learn that
this term has been in use since the earliest days of telegraphy.
Perhaps even earlier.
........................................................................
LXC
---
* acronym (?)
LinuX Container
A flexible system process and resource isolation system,
similar to virtualisation or `BSD`_ Jails.
see: `VM`_ , `acronym`_ , `Linux`_
........................................................................
--------
M is for
--------
MacroBlogging
-------------
* noun
Blogging that sits some where between microblogging
and a full blog / writing site.
features include:
- No or large word limit.
- ability to embed media within the post or at least attach the media.
(images video or sound)
- text formatting tools.
(markdown or similar)
see: `microblogging`_ `Blogging`_ `Friendica`_ `Hubzilla`_ `Diaspora`_
`Platform Listing`_
Mastodon
--------
Also: _`mastodon Instances`
* Noun
see also: `instance`_
type: `Microblogging`_ with some media extensions
and generally a longer word limit than `Birdsite`_
TODO
`Platform List`_
........................................................................
Matrix
------
* Noun Protocol
A federated `Chat`_ Service and *much* more.
* Matrix's initial goal is to fix the problem of
fragmented IP communications: letting users message and call each other
without having to care what app the other user is on -
making it as easy as sending an email.
* Matrix is an open standard for inter-operable, decentralised,
real-time communication over Internet Protocol. ...
May be used for Instant Messaging, VoIP/WebRTC signalling,
Internet of Things communication ...
-- `[MatrixFAQ_Oct-2018]`_
mx:// Matrix://
---------------
* Protocol in process
MurzNN commented on Sep 21, 2017 ::
At now in most OS and browsers we can implement and register any custom protocol,
that opens specific app,
here is some examples: http://kb.mozillazine.org/Register_protocol
So there are not too hard to manually register mx:// or matrix:// protocol
in local system and configure browser to auto-open specific desktop app
(Riot for example) on click for all urls with this protocol.
Lets select and fix one recommended variation of Matrix protocol prefix
in Matrix docs and provide link to it in matrix.to website,
with short description how to configure it manually on local system.
This will be good start for officially registering Matrix protocol prefix
by default in browsers / OS.
And next small step will be provide browser extensions
with implementation of this protocol.
-- https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/issues/455 (Nov 2018)
Matrix Links
------------
- FAQ https://matrix.org/docs/guides/faq
- public catalogue for matrix rooms https://matrixstats.org/
see: `Chat`_ `XMPP`_ `Jabber`_ `Room`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Metadata
--------
_`metadata`
* Noun
Data about data
With Great Power (should) Come Great Oversight.
Metadata may include
- time
- created
- visited
- deleted
- location and vector
- held at where on what
- visited by whom with what via where
- downloaded by ...
Add a little `tracking` and you have `FB`_ , `Google` or a surveillance state.
Add ranking (methodologies) and you have social control of large communities.
Now hand that to a Corporate or even Nation State actor...
What, could, go, wrong?
*Otherwise humans have been at it for centuries :)*
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
metadata
1: data about data; "a library catalogue is metadata because it
describes publications"
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
metadata
/me't*-day`t*/, or combinations of /may'-/ or
(Commonwealth) /mee'-/; /-dah`t*/ (Or "meta-data")
Data about {data}. In {data processing},
metadata is definitional data
that provides information about or documentation of other data
managed within an application or environment.
For example, metadata would document data about {data
elements} or {attributes}, (name, size, data type, etc) and
data about {records} or {data structures} (length, fields,
columns, etc) and data about data (where it is located, how it
is associated, ownership, etc.). Metadata may include
descriptive information about the context, quality and
condition, or characteristics of the data.
........................................................................
Message
-------
also: _`messages`
* Noun
* A communication, written or otherwise.
A tweet is a Message.
Synonyms
* A `Post`_ , A `Toot`_ , A `Status`_
* Verb
* To "message" somebody is to send them a communication.
Usually NOT face to face. To "get in touch" with them.
* `@message` syn. `DM`_
(informally) Imply a little more urgency or importance.
Specifically contact a person or get their attention.
see: `Instant Messaging`_
........................................................................
MFA
---
* noun
Multi Factor Authentication
(That extra step after you enter the password.)
"a method of confirming a user's claimed identity
in which a computer user is granted access only
after successfully presenting two or more pieces
of evidence (or factors) to an authentication mechanism:
*knowledge* (something the user and only the user knows),
*possession* (something the user and only the user has),
and *inherence* (something the user and only the user is)"
-- `[WikiPedia-MFA_Nov-2018]`_
see: `2FA`_
........................................................................
Microblogging
-------------
also: _`microblog`
* noun
- Short (length limited) messages.
- A 'Short Form Post', a `Toot`_ a `Quip`_
Introduced and generalised to the wider web by Twitter |(TM)| as "Tweets".
Originally text only.
Link shortening and image embedding have extended the medium.
* Verb
To 'microblog' is to specifically make short form posts.
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Microformats
------------
protocol
As a user you probably don't need to know about this ...
Its just an agreed set of formats that browsers and servers need to understand.
As a web developer or an Application developer though you really should check it out.
"
microformats2 is a simple, open format for *marking up data in HTML*.
The microformats2 parsing specification describes how to implement a microformats2 parser,
independent of any specific vocabularies.
"
-- `[MicroFormat_Nov-2018]`_ http://microformats.org/wiki/microformats-2
see : `IndieWeb`_ , `webmention`_ , `indieauth`_
........................................................................
MicroPub
--------
* noun protocol
The Micropub protocol is used to create, update and delete posts
on one's *own domain* using third-party clients.
Web apps and native apps (e.g., iPhone, Android) can use Micropub
to post and edit articles, short notes, comments, likes, photos, events
or other kinds of posts *on your own website*.
The Micropub spec defines a simple mechanism to create content,
as well as a more thorough mechanism to *update and delete* content.
-- `[W3_micropub_Nov-2018]`_ - https://www.w3.org/TR/micropub/
(With developer level examples.)
Similar to how microformats has a relatively small ruleset for parsing
HTML documents into a data structure,
Micropub defines a small set of rules to interpret HTTP POST and GET
requests as Micropub commands.
Where Microformats does not require changing the parsing rules
to introduce new properties of an object such as an h-entry,
Micropub similarly does not require changing parsing rules to
interpret requests that may correspond to different post types,
such as posting videos vs "likes".
The Micropub syntax describes how to interpret HTTP POST and GET
requests into a useful action the server can take.
-- `[MicroPub_Indieweb_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/Micropub
see : `webmention`_ , `IndieWeb`_ , `microformats`_ , `indieauth`_
........................................................................
Misskey
-------
* Noun
A Network in the Fediverse
from: Miskey Site https://misskey.nl/
microblogging service.
Sophisticated fully customisable Ui, varieties of reaction for posts,
free file storage providing integrated management system and
other advancing functions are available.
Also, network system called "Fediverse" enables us to communicate with users on other SNSs.
Like, if you post something, then your posts will sent not only to Misskey but also mastodon.
Just imagine that the planet is sending a microwave to other planet to communication.
-- `[miskey_Oct-19-2018]`_
see: `Microblogging`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
MIT
---
* Acronym
* Noun
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
*Massachusetts Institute of Technology*
MIT
(MIT) An independent, coeducational university located in
Cambridge, MA, USA. Its best-known computer-related labs are
the {Artificial Intelligence Lab}, the {Lab for Computer
Science} and the Media Lab. It is also known for its {hacks}
or practical jokes, ...
`MIT`
........................................................................
ML
--
* acronym
Machine Learning
see: `acronym`_
........................................................................
--------
N is for
--------
NetBSD
------
* noun
NetBSD
Very flexible and portable `NIX` style Operating System.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
An {open source} {Unix} {clone} that aims
for {platform} Independence by a clean separation between the
{hardware} and the the {kernel}. It has been ported to many
platforms from {embedded systems} to 64-bit computers.
{NetBSD Home (http://netbsd.org/)}.
--(2004-10-08)
from https://netbsd.org/about/
The NetBSD Project's goals
..........................
One of the primary focuses of the NetBSD project has been
to make the base OS highly portable.
This has resulted in NetBSD being ported to a large number of
hardware platforms.
NetBSD is also interoperable, implementing many standard APIs
and network protocols, and emulating many other systems' ABIs.
Generally speaking, the NetBSD Project:
- provides a well designed, stable, and fast BSD system,
- avoids encumbering licenses,
- provides a portable system, which runs on many hardware platforms,
interoperates well with other systems,
- conforms to open systems standards as much as is practical.
In summary:
The NetBSD Project provides a freely available
and redistributable system that professionals,
hobbyists, and researchers can use in whatever manner they wish.
-- `[NetBSD_About-Nov-2018]`_ https://netbsd.org/about/
see: `NIXen`_ , `BSD`_ , `OS`_ , `API`_ , `ABI`_
........................................................................
Network
-------
_`Networked`, _`Networks` , _`Net` , _`Networking`
* noun
- A set of elements that is in communication with each other.
- A collection of interlinked nodes that exchange information.
-- `[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]`_
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Network \Net"work`\, n.
1. A fabric of threads, cords, or wires crossing each other
at certain intervals, and knotted or secured at the
crossings, thus leaving spaces or meshes between them.
[1913 Webster]
2. Any system of lines or channels interlacing or crossing
like the fabric of a net; as, a network of veins; a
network of railroads.
[1913 Webster]
3. Hence: (Computers) A system of computers linked together
by communications channels allowing the exchange of data
between the linked computers.
[PJC]
4. (Radio, Television) A group of transmitting stations
connected by communications channels that permit the same
program to be broadcast simultaneously from multiple
stations over a very wide area; as, the CBS television
network; also, the organization that controls the
programming that is broadcast over such a network.
Contrasted with a {local station} or {local transmitter}.
[PJC]
5. (Electricity, Electronics) Any arrangement of electrical
devices or elements connected together by conducting
wires; as, a power transmission network.
[PJC]
6. A group of buildings connected by means of transportation
and communication between them, and controlled by a
central organization for a common purpose; as, a book
distribution network.
[PJC]
* Verb
To network is to make connections between nodes.
Nodes may be humans or some other device
that communicates with other nodes on the network.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
verb
1: communicate with and within a group;
"You have to network if you want to get a good job"
........................................................................
Nickname
--------
Also: _`nick`
* Noun
In Social Media contexts Nickname or Nick is
a synonym for `Handle`_ .
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
`Nick`
n.
[IRC; very common] Short for `nickname`.
On {IRC_}, every user must pick a
nick , which is sometimes the same as the user's real name or login name,
but is often more fanciful. Compare handle, `screen name`.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
nick
[IRC] nickname. On `IRC`_ , every user must pick a nick, which
is sometimes the user's real name or `login name`_, but is often
more fanciful. Compare Handle_.
........................................................................
NIXen
-----
also: _`UNIX` _`UNIXES`
* Noun
Collective Noun Plural
`Linux`_ , `BSD`_ (z) and Other Unix Like Operating Systems.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
UNIX
n 1: trademark for a powerful operating system [syn: {UNIX},
{UNIX system}, {UNIX operating system}]
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
Unix
/yoo'niks/, n.
[In the authors' words, ?A weak pun on Multics?; very early on it was ?
UNICS?] (also ?UNIX?) An interactive timesharing system invented in 1969 by
Ken Thompson after Bell Labs left the Multics project, originally so he
could play games on his scavenged PDP-7. Dennis Ritchie, the inventor of C,
is considered a co-author of the system. The turning point in Unix's
history came when it was reimplemented almost entirely in C during
1972?1974, making it the first source-portable OS. Unix subsequently
underwent mutations and expansions at the hands of many different people,
resulting in a uniquely flexible and developer-friendly environment. By
1991, Unix had become the most widely used multiuser general-purpose
operating system in the world ? and since 1996 the variant called {Linux}
has been at the cutting edge of the {open source} movement. Many people
consider the success of Unix the most important victory yet of hackerdom
over industry opposition (but see {Unix weenie} and {Unix conspiracy} for
an opposing point of view). See {Version 7}, {BSD}, {Linux}.
[richiethom]
Archetypal hackers ken (left) and dmr (right).
Some people are confused over whether this word is appropriately ?UNIX? or
?Unix?; both forms are common, and used interchangeably. Dennis Ritchie
says that the ?UNIX? spelling originally happened in CACM's 1974 paper The
UNIX Time-Sharing System because ?we had a new typesetter and {troff} had
just been invented and we were intoxicated by being able to produce small
caps.? Later, dmr tried to get the spelling changed to ?Unix? in a couple
of Bell Labs papers, on the grounds that the word is not acronymic. He
failed, and eventually (his words) ?wimped out? on the issue. So, while the
trademark today is ?UNIX?, both capitalizations are grounded in ancient
usage; the Jargon File uses ?Unix? in deference to dmr's wishes.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
Unix
/yoo'niks/ (Or "UNIX", in the authors'
words, "A weak pun on Multics") Plural "Unices". An
interactive {time-sharing} {operating system} invented in 1969
by {Ken Thompson} after {Bell Labs} left the {Multics}
project, originally so he could play games on his scavenged
{PDP-7}. {Dennis Ritchie}, the inventor of {C}, is considered
a co-author of the system.
The turning point in Unix's history came when it was
reimplemented almost entirely in C during 1972 - 1974, making
it the first {source-portable} OS. Unix subsequently
underwent mutations and expansions at the hands of many
different people, resulting in a uniquely flexible and
{developer}-friendly environment.
By 1991, Unix had become the most widely used {multi-user}
general-purpose operating system in the world. Many people
consider this the most important victory yet of hackerdom over
industry opposition (but see {Unix weenie} and {Unix
conspiracy} for an opposing point of view).
Unix is now offered by many manufacturers and is the subject
of an international standardisation effort [called?].
Unix-like operating systems include {AIX}, {A/UX}, {BSD},
{Debian}, {FreeBSD}, {GNU}, {HP-UX}, {Linux}, {NetBSD},
{NEXTSTEP}, {OpenBSD}, {OPENSTEP}, {OSF}, {POSIX}, {RISCiX},
{Solaris}, {SunOS}, {System V}, {Ultrix}, {USG Unix}, {Version
7}, {Xenix}.
"Unix" or "UNIX"? Both seem roughly equally popular, perhaps
with a historical bias toward the latter. "UNIX" is a
registered trademark of {The Open Group}, however, since it is
a name and not an acronym, "Unix" has been adopted in this
dictionary except where a larger name includes it in upper
case. Since the OS is {case-sensitive} and exists in many
different versions, it is fitting that its name should reflect
this.
{The UNIX Reference Desk
(http://geek-girl.com/unix.html)}.
{Spanish fire extinguisher
(ftp://linux.mathematik.tu-darmstadt.de/pub/linux/people/okir/unix_flame.gif)}.
[{Jargon File}]
(2001-05-14)
Apple machines operate with a Unix like Operating System as well.
(darwin)
Unix is also an engineering concept:
More or Less:
"Use many small simple robust parts to build a greater whole.
The concept has proven to be effective portable durable and efficient."
Which is not the same as Universally Applicable ,
It just seems that way.
see: `OS`_ , `Linux`_ , `BSD`_ , `Server`_ , `GNU`_ , `FSF`_
........................................................................
Node
----
_`Nodes`
* Noun
- A point of presence on a network.
Occasionally a single purpose `Host`_ but by no means always.
- The most basic part of the network;
for example, a `user`_ or computer.
-- `[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]`_
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
node
1. A point or vertex in a {graph}.
2. {network node}.
3. A {hypertext} document.
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
node
8: (computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a
computer network
[syn: {node}, {`client`_}, {`guest`_}]
1: a connecting point at which several lines come together
2: any thickened enlargement [syn: {node}, {knob}, {thickening}]
3: (botany) the small swelling that is the part of a plant stem
from which one or more leaves emerge
[syn: {node}, {leaf node}]
4: (physics) the point of minimum displacement in a periodic
system [ant: {antinode}]
5: (astronomy) a point where an orbit crosses a plane
6: the source of lymph and lymphocytes [syn: {lymph node},
{lymph gland}, {node}]
7: any bulge or swelling of an anatomical structure or part
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Nomadic Identity
----------------
also: _`Nomadic`
A feature enabled by the `Zot`_ protocol.
Zot6 enables "entities" that are nomadic.
`Identity` is a example of an `entity` that may be nomadic.
The ability to `authenticate`_ and easily migrate an identity across
independent `hubs`_ and web `domains`.
Nomadic `identity` provides true ownership of an online identity,
because the identities of the `channels`_ controlled by an `account`_ on a hub
are not tied to the `hub`_ itself.
A hub is more like a "host" for channels.
-- `[Osada-About-Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about
see: `Hubzilla`_ `Osada`_ `Authenticate`_ `Zot`_
........................................................................
Notification
------------
_`Notifications`
* Noun
Message(s) for your attention.
- Usually information that relates to a particular user.
- The System may notify you of mentions, re-posts, other discussion
on a post or other alerts.
Almost always configurable, via the operations interface.
(or urgent messages only)
Notifications may also be Emailed to a User.
........................................................................
NSFW
----
* Noun Acronym
Not Safe For Work
A warning , a tag or `flag`_ ,
that the content of the message may be culturally inappropriate
in Work Places or other Public settings.
........................................................................
--------
O is for
--------
OAuth
-----
also: _`OAuth2`
* Protocol
Auth0 provides authentication and authorization as a service. `[OAi]`_
You have probably see this protocol at work many times.
Whenever a web site or service ask you to **Log In** or **Sign In** with :
Google |(TM)| or Facebook |(TM)| or Github |(TM)| or some other social media provider.
It is likely that the mechanisms at work depend centrally on OAuth2.
OAuth introduces an authorization layer separating the role of the *client*
from that of the resource owner.
OAuth (2.0) allows **controlled access** to the resources of another entity.
It is used as a broker protocol by client applications to
utilise information owned by another account or service.
More or less a constrained proxy who is given a unique set of ephemeral keys.
(usually)
In OAuth, the client requests access and is **issued a different set of credentials**
than those of the resource owner.
This means the Client:
- Never stores sensitive information.
- Never receives the Owners (full) access authority.
- May have access constrained and revoked easily.
Selections from RFC 6749 ::
The OAuth 2.0 authorization framework enables a third-party
application to obtain limited access to an HTTP service, either on
behalf of a resource owner by orchestrating an approval interaction
between the resource owner and the HTTP service, or by allowing the
third-party application to obtain access on its own behalf. This
specification replaces and obsoletes the OAuth 1.0 protocol described
in RFC 5849.
...
For example, an end-user (resource owner) can grant a printing
service (client) access to her protected photos stored at a photo-
sharing service (resource server), without sharing her username and
password with the printing service. Instead, she authenticates
directly with a server trusted by the photo-sharing service
(authorization server), which issues the printing service delegation-
specific credentials (access token).
-- `[OAuth2-IETF-rfc6749_Nov-2018]`_ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749
More information from :
_`[Oai]` `[OAuth-Started_Nov-2018]`_ https://auth0.com/docs/getting-started
`[OAuth-AaronParecki_Nov-2018]`_ https://aaronparecki.com/oauth-2-simplified/
see: `IndieAuth`_ , `IndieWeb`_ , `Authorisation`_ , `Authenticate`_
`Login`_
........................................................................
OpenBook
--------
Still in development November 2018.
(Github and Gitlab?)
Early 2019 release projected.
A new Social Network API and Interfaces
based around Django and `Vue.js`_
The focus seems to be secured connections
with a validated plugins / modules system.
"We're at a breaking point.
We need to stop building products for users
and start building products for people.
To put humanity at the core of everything we build."
-- Joel Hernandez ( Founder of Openbook )
Openbook holds hope for the future,
a social network where we are not victims of its revenue model.
-- Phil Zimmermann ( Internet hall of fame member )
From FAQ :
Will Openbook be decentralised?
...............................
We want to get there eventually.
We're looking into `Solid`_ MIT approach (The one from Tim Berners Lee)
and we're very pleased with it so far.
**Our first versions will however be centralised.**
We do this because it's then easier to focus on innovating
in the product features and overall user experience.
These things will determine whether we'll reach the user base necessary
to take on existing social networks.
**If we succeed at this, sky's the limit into what we can do in regards to decentralisation!**
-- `[OpenBookFAQ_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.openbook.social/en/faq
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
OpenBSD
-------
* Noun
OpenBSD
- A `*Nix` style operating system.
With an emphasis on security.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
OpenBSD
A version of {BSD Unix} with an emphasis on
security. A lot of security work that is ported to other free
operating systems originates with OpenBSD and a lot of {code
review} is done here.
Sub-projects of OpenBSD include
implementations of
- {SSH (http://openssh.org/)},
- {ntpd (http://openntpd.org/)},
and
- {CVS},
{OpenBSD Home (http://openbsd.org/)}.
-- (2005-01-17)
from openBSD FAQ: https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq1.html#WhatIs
The OpenBSD project produces a freely available, multi-platform
4.4BSD-based UNIX-like operating system. Our goals place emphasis
on **correctness, security, standardization, and portability.**
Why might I want to use it?
Some reasons why we think OpenBSD is a useful operating system:
- OpenBSD runs on many different hardware platforms.
- OpenBSD is thought of as the most secure UNIX-like operating system
by many security professionals, as a result of the
never-ending comprehensive source code audit.
- OpenBSD is a full-featured UNIX-like operating system
available in source and binary form at no charge.
- OpenBSD integrates cutting-edge security technology suitable
for building firewalls and private network services
in a distributed environment.
- OpenBSD benefits from strong ongoing development in many areas,
offering opportunities to work with emerging technologies
and an international community of developers and end users.
- OpenBSD attempts to minimize the need for customization and tweaking.
For the vast majority of users,
**OpenBSD just works on their hardware for their application.**
-- `[openBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]`_
see: `Nixen`_ , `BSD`_ , `OS`_
........................................................................
OpenID
------
also: _`openid`
A remote id validation protocol and service
TODO
see: `gravatar`_ , `Zot`_ , authentication
Open Rights Group UK
--------------------
also: _`ORG` , _`ORGUK`
* noun
Open Rights Group is a UK based
digital campaigning organisation
working to protect the rights to
privacy and free speech online.
Values as stated by ORG
#. We believe in human rights.
#. Our work is based on evidence.
#. We are accountable to our supporters, and operate with integrity.
#. We believe in the importance of empowered people defending digital rights.
#. Our work must be accessible and inclusive.
- `[OpenRightsUK_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.openrightsgroup.org/about/
see: `Digital Rights`_
........................................................................
OpenWebAuth
-----------
* noun
Used by as a portable `authorisation`_ method.
Notably by `Hubzilla`_
Your online identity is not an account on a server,
Your social graph is not imprisoned on a website.
This is true ownership of your identity.
This is `nomadic identity`_.
-- `[Hubzilla-nomad_Oct-2018]`_ https://medium.com/@tamanning/nomadic-identity-brought-to-you-by-hubzilla-67eadce13c3b
OpenWebAuth provides a light-weight form of cross-domain `authentication`_
between websites on the open web.
The principals involved in the authentication
may or may not have any pre-existing relationship.
OpenWebAuth utilises `webfinger`_ (RFC7033) and
HTTP Signatures (draft-cavage-http-signatures-09)
with a simple token generation service to provide
seamless and interaction free authentication between diverse websites.
-- `[MacGirvin-OpenWebAuth-Nov-2018]`_
https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/OpenWebAuth/Home
compare: `Zot`_
see: `Webfinger`_ `OStatus`_ `Diaspora Protocol`_
........................................................................
Operator
--------
also; _`Op`, _`O P`, _`Operators`
* Noun
The person running the session.
The Administrator of a Service or System
Whom ever set up the chat room.
Usually a human.
see: `IRC`_ `Chat`_
........................................................................
Osada
-----
NOTE
....
**Osada has been discontinued.**
`Hubzilla`_ is probably what you want for public social media uses.
Otherwise see `Zot`_ and `Zap`_
for clarity see:
.....
* noun
- Contemporary Social Networking suite with
ActivityPub support and Zot authentication.
- A Hubzilla derived Platform focused on portability.
for more features see: https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about#Features
What Is Osada
.............
(from https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about)
From the practical perspective of hub members who use the software,
Osada offers a variety of familiar, integrated web apps and services,
including:
- social networking discussion threads
- cloud file storage
- calendar and contacts (with CalDAV and CardDAV support)
- webpage hosting with a content management system
- wiki
and more...
[edits]
Osada allows *you to set permissions for groups and individuals who may not even have accounts on your hub!*
In typical web apps,
if you want to share things privately on the internet,
the people you share with must have accounts on the server hosting your data.
otherwise, there is no robust way for your server to `authenticate`_ visitors to the site.
Osada solves this problem with an advanced system of remote authentication.
Validating a Visitors identity by employing techniques that include public key cryptography.
`[Osada-About-Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about
Osada Federation
................
NOTE
Osada has been discontinued.
`Hubzilla`_ is probably what you want for public social media uses.
Otherwise see `Zot`_ and `Zap`_
for clarity see:
Connects with any almost any Platform
including Ostatus Diaspora and ActivityPub enabled nodes.
However Osada and `Zot6`_ go even further.
From The Author
...............
Mike Macgirvin https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/Osada/Home
Osada is a gateway server between nomadic and non-nomadic networks
(such as between `Zot`_ `Zot6`_ and `ActivityPub`_ `Diaspora`_ `Ostatus`_ ).
The purpose of Osada ("gypsy settlement") is to
resolve the dilemma that software which was not designed around `nomadic` identity
won't actually work correctly with software that is `nomadic`.
The only other alternative is for all web communications software
and protocols to be nomadic-aware and this is unlikely to happen.
In prior efforts such as `RedMatrix` and `Hubzilla`_ ,
`federation`_ with non-`nomadic` networks was offered as a choice.
You could choose federation *or* `nomadic` identity.
Choosing *both* leads to a situation where expected communications
are not delivered and both federation and `nomadic` operation are flawed in basic ways.
*Osada resolves this basic dilemma by providing a gateway service between the two incompatible paradigms*.
At a high level, Osada provides a non-nomadic server which can federate
with all existing networks.
(to the extent that those networks permit federation;
`ActivityPub`_ and `Diaspora`_ have limitations on their ability
to federate third-party messages between incompatible protocols).
On the `nomadic`_ side, Osada does not allow "nomadic" operation itself,
but it supports `nomadic` communication.
It uses a `Zot6`_ concept called **linked identities**
to transfer information into and out of the `nomadic`_ network.
The linked identity on the Osada side is not a clone
and [also] has a distinct non-nomadic identity.
It can be bound to a `nomadic` identity on the Zot6 network.
All federation and cross-protocol communication occurs at the `bridge`.
If the linked identity relationship is severed for any reason
(including failure/shutdown of the bridge), all bridged communications will cease.
Osada identities can be moved/relocated
and connections on `non-nomadic` networks which support account moves will be retained.
**Connections on services which do not allow moves will be lost.**
People inside the `nomadic`_ network will make connections to the `nomadic` identity.
People on outside networks will make connections to the Osada identity
and will be (likely) unable to resolve the internal `nomadic` identity
as something they are able to federate with.
An `Osada`_ reference implementation is available at https://framagit.org/macgirvin
-- `[MikeMacGirvin-Osada_Nov-01-2018]`_ https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/Osada/Home
see: `Platform`_ `Zot`_ `nomadic`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
OStatus
-------
* Noun `Protocol`_
- More properly a collection of protocols wrapped up together.
- A system for federating distributed networks and systems
OStatus Links
.............
- `{Ostatus-mediaGoblin_Nov-2018}`_ https://wiki.mediagoblin.org/OStatus
- `[Ostatus-W3C-CG_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/
- `[Ostatus-W3C-CGwiki_Nov2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/wiki/Main_Page
see: `WebFinger`_ , `Atom`_ , `PubSubHubbub`_ , `Wordpress`_ ,
`ActivityStreams`_ , `Salmons`_
........................................................................
OTP
---
* Noun Acronym
- One Time Password
- One Time Passkey
- *One Time Pad*
These all share the quality of being " *single use only* ".
Usually a unique and random string or phrase
that may only be used once.
This is often used with Multi-factor Authentication
and / or encrypted communications.
The Password Or Phrase:
- May be generated per access instance.
- Will be known only to the User and Host.
- Is ephemeral, discarded and never used again.
One Time Pads are often more involved, (spycraft)
though essentially the concept is the same.
There are other meanings for OTP.
These are not uncommon.:
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
OTP
1. {One-Time Password}.
2. {Open Trading Protocol}.
3.
{One Time Programmable Read Only Memory}.
4.
{Open Telecom Platform}.
-- (2001-08-28)
........................................................................
Out Of Band
-----------
* Noun
Describes
- Communication happening on a side channel or other "circuit".
- Information flows outside the primary interface.
- The displacement may also be temporal without being at all Doctor Who.
(say the next day or previously or a few minutes later)
* verb
The Act of Communicating Out Of Band.
" Lets Take this issue Out Of Band, while the rest stay on subject. "
see: "The Band" "The Last Waltz" `IRC`_
see: `IRC`_ `XMPP`_
........................................................................
OS
--
* noun
Operating System
The BSD family and Linux Operating Systems are important foundations
for contemporary networking, and all general purpose computing.
see: `Linux`_ , `BSD`_ , `Nixen`_
........................................................................
--------
P is for
--------
P2P
---
also: _`Peer To Peer` _`peer-to-peer`
noun (usually)
Not a protocol but a label for a number of sometimes distributed
(often centralised) sharing "services".
At various times this approach has been controversial.
Mostly because of the content shared, rather than the technologies.
The content actually shared maybe distributed across many clients (peers)
The services provide methods of searching discovering and actually distributing content.
The client (peer) is often expected to also share the content
for at least as long as that client is downloading the many parts that make up the final file(s).
The name captures concepts invoked by :
Peer to Peer , person to person , client to client.
Newsgroups and anon FTP sites.
From Foldoc:
1. The kind of communication found in a system
using layered { `protocols`_ }. Each software or hardware
component can be considered to communicate only with its
{ peer } in the same layer via the connection provided by the
lower layers.
(1994-12-14)
2. A decentralised {file sharing} system like {BitTorrent},
{Gnutella} or {Kazaa} where computers that download data also
store that data and serve it to other downloaders. This
increases the total bandwidth available in proportion to the
number of users and so reduces download time. It also
improves resilience by providing multiple redundant sources
for the same data. This contrasts with {client-server} where
all clients download the data from a single server (or
{mirror}), sharing its fixed bandwidth.
Peer-to-peer networks are typically ad-hoc and rely on users
sharing the content they have downloaded for the benefit of
other users. Users who fail to do this are called "leaches".
A "seed" is a node on a peer-to-peer network that is
sharing a complete copy of a file, as opposed to other nodes
that may only have some of the parts into which the file has
been split.
(2010-02-20)
-- The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]
........................................................................
Password
--------
also: _`Pass Phrase`
* noun
A string or phrase _you_ can recall that is:
- difficult for another to guess or deduce.
- unique to that `user`_ : `login`_ combination. `[u]`_
- Has never been used in a Movie ! (no seriously)
- Not (only) A Number !
Many sites have restrictions on what minimum standards a password needs to be.
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Password \Pass"word`\, n.
A word to be given before a person is allowed to pass; a
watchword; a countersign. --Macaulay.
[1913 Webster]
-- The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
password
n 1: a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group;
"he forgot the password" [syn: {password}, {watchword},
{word}, {parole}, {countersign}]
-- WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
password
An arbitrary string of characters chosen by a user
or {system administrator} and used to authenticate the user
when he attempts to log on, in order to prevent unauthorised
access to his account.
A favourite activity among unimaginative {computer nerds} and
{crackers} is writing programs which attempt to discover
passwords by using lists of commonly chosen passwords such as
people's names (spelled forward or backward). It is
recommended that to defeat such methods passwords use a
mixture of upper and lower case letters or digits and avoid
proper names and real words. If you have trouble remembering
random strings of characters, make up an `acronym`_ like
"ihGr8trmP" ("I have great trouble remembering my password").
-- The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (1994-10-27)
*Nine* Teen Ninety *Four*
_`[u]`
Remember `Silos`_ and sites occasionally get cracked.
What would it mean if "that password" was exposed (and they do get sold on).
How many sites would you have to alter.
see: `Authorisation`_ `Authenticate`_
........................................................................
PeerTube
--------
* Noun
A Federated Video sharing network, distributed Video in the Fediverse
from https://joinpeertube.org/
How it works
............
- Everybody can host a PeerTube server we call [an] instance.
Every instance hosts its own users and their videos.
It also keeps a list of the videos available of the instances
the administrator chooses to follow in order to suggest them to its users.
- Every account has a globally unique identifier. e.g. ::
@chocobozzz@framatube.org
consisting of the local username (@chocobozzz)
and the domain name of the server it is on (framatube.org).
so @chocobozzz@framatube.org
see also: `@handle@node.domain`_ for another explanation.
- The *administrators* of a PeerTube instance can follow each other.
When your PeerTube instance follows another PeerTube instance,
you [also] receive the videos preview information [s] from this [followed] instance.
This way, you can display the videos available on your instance
and on the instances you decided to follow.
So you keep control of the videos displayed on your PeerTube instance!
-- https://joinpeertube.org/en/#how-it-works [ 30 Jan 2019 ]
[ with small edits to content, bullet points for clarity ]
- A video Introduction may be found at : https://framatube.org/videos/watch/217eefeb-883d-45be-b7fc-a788ad8507d3
- example point of presence: https://vidcommons.org/videos/local
see: `Platform List`_
refs:
`[PeerTube_how_Jan-2019]`_
`[PeerTube_what_Jan-2019]`_
........................................................................
People
------
also: _`Humans`
In this and wider Information Technology Contexts:
see: `User`_
........................................................................
Ping
----
_`ping`, _`pings` , _`pinging`
* Verb
* In the context of the Fediverse (and others) to "ping" somebody,
is to get their attention.
To inquire of their current status.
* The active act of pinging.
Testing and measuring a network connection.
"Ping host X to see if it is up."
see also: `@mention`_
* Noun Backronym
The name of the program, classically and widely used
to actually "ping" a `host`_ or `node`_.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
ping
Packet InterNet Groper
ping command
pinging
(ping, originally contrived to match
submariners' term for the sound of a returned sonar pulse) A
program written in 1983 by Mike Muuss (who also wrote {TTCP})
used to test reachability of destinations by sending them one,
or repeated, {ICMP} echo requests and waiting for replies.
Since ping works at the {IP} level its server-side is often
implemented entirely within the {operating system} {kernel}
and is thus the lowest level test of whether a remote host is
alive. Ping will often respond even when higher level,
{TCP}-based services cannot.
Sadly, Mike Muuss was killed in a road accident on 2000-11-20.
The {Unix} command "ping" can be used to do this and to
measure round-trip delays.
The funniest use of "ping" was described in January 1991 by
Steve Hayman on the {Usenet} group comp.sys.next. He was
trying to isolate a faulty cable segment on a {TCP/IP}
{Ethernet} hooked up to a {NeXT} machine. Using the sound
recording feature on the NeXT, he wrote a {script} that
repeatedly invoked ping, listened for an echo, and played back
the recording on each returned {packet}. This caused the
machine to repeat, over and over, "Ping ... ping ... ping ..."
as long as the network was up. He turned the volume to
maximum, ferreted through the building with one ear cocked,
and found a faulty tee connector in no time.
Ping did not stand for "Packet InterNet Groper", Dave Mills
offered this {backronym} expansion some time later
...
`The Story of the Ping Program`
........................................................................
Pixelfed
--------
* Noun
PixelFed is a federated social image sharing platform,
similar to instagram.
"A Photo Sharing Experience for everyone"
Pixelfed servers are called instances.
Pixelfed Federation
...................
Federation is done using the `ActivityPub`_ protocol, which is used by Mastodon, PeerTube, Pleroma, and more. Through ActivityPub PixelFed can share and interact with these platforms, as well as other instances of PixelFed.
PixelFed Contact
................
- IRC: #pixelfed on irc.freenode.net
- Matrix https://matrix.to/#/#freenode_#pixelfed:matrix.org
- Mastodon: @pixelfed@mastodon.social
- E-mail: hello@pixelfed.org
-- `[Fediverse_PixelFed_Instances_Aug-2019]`_ https://fediverse.network/pixelfed
-- `[Fed-Info-PixelFed_Nov-2018]`_ https://the-federation.info/pixelfed
-- `[GitHub-PixelFed_Nov-2018]`_ https://github.com/pixelfed/pixelfed
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Platform
--------
_`Platforms`
* noun
For this document a *platform* is the underlying `suite`_ of software
providing the social media `network`_.
see: `Host`_ , `Service`_ , `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Platform List
-------------
also: _`Platform Listing`
.. compound::
This list is **by no means comprehensive.**
List Membership does not equate to `recommendation`.
* EMail ( SMTP MTA MUA )
All eMail Transfer Agents are federated.
All Mail User Agents are clients to those federated servers.
* MacroBlogging
* `SocialHome`_ `macroblogging`_
* `Diaspora`_ `macroblogging`_
* `Friendica`_ `macroblogging`_
* `Hubzilla`_ `macroblogging`_
* `Osada`_ `macroblogging`_
* MicroBlogging
* `Pleroma`_ `microblogging`_
* `Misskey`_ `microblogging`_
* `Pump.io` `microblogging`_ TODO
* `GNU Social`_ `microblogging`_
* `Mastodon`_ `microblogging`_
* `postActiv`_ TODO
* Multimedia
* `Peertube`_ Video Sharing
* `Funkwhale`_ music streaming and sharing
* `PixelFed`_ photo sharing
* Messaging and Chat
* `Matrix`_ Instant Messaging / Chat Rooms / Video Audio Comms
* `Jabber`_ Instant Messaging / Chat Rooms / Video Audio Comms
(many clients)
* Authoring Writing Persistant Blogging
* `Wordpress`_ Fully Featured Websites Blogging Writing
* `Plume`_ Writing Bloggng
* `WriteFreely`_ Writing Bloggng
* `Pterotype` ? Blogging Writing ?
* `Prismo` TODO
* `Kroeg` TODO
* `Aardwolf` TODO
* `Rustodon` TODO best guess micro
* `GNU MediaGoblin` TODO best guess micro
-- originally from https://framaforms.org/fediverse-preferences-survey-1540788767
(amended and rearranged)
........................................................................
Pleroma
-------
Also: _`pleroma instances`
* Noun
"Pleroma is a federated social networking platform,
compatible with `GNU social`_, `Mastodon`_
and other `ActivityPub`_ and `OStatus`_ implementations.
It is free software licensed under the AGPLv3.
It actually consists of two components:
- a back end, named simply Pleroma,
- and a user-facing front end, named Pleroma-FE."
Features:
* High-performance
* Light memory usage
* Runs on a Raspberry Pi
* Support for the `ActivityPub`_ and `OStatus`_ `Protocols`_
* Built with concurrency and distribution in mind from conceptual stages.
* Elixer and other modern robust fault tolerant toolkits.
* **Multiple Web5 Front Ends Supported.**
* `Gopher`_ Access.
-- `[Pleroma_17-Oct-2018]`_
Pleroma network servers are called `Instances`_ .
It is fast robust and simple to operate .
`Follows`_ across the Fediverse are fast simple and reliable.
Pleroma is a `microblogging`_ server software that can `federate`_
(= exchange messages with)
other servers that support the same `federation`_ standards... .
What that means is that you can `host`_ (run)
a server for yourself or your friends
and stay in control of your online identity,
(and)
*still exchange messages with people on larger servers*.
-- `[lain_17-Oct-2018]`_
(some small edits)
Pleroma Federation
..................
Pleroma will `federate`_ with all `platforms`_ that `implement and engage`
with the `OStatus`_ or `ActivityPub`_ Protocols.
At least:
`GNU Social`_, `Friendica`_, `Hubzilla`_ and `Mastodon`_ .
(as of November 2018)
Pleroma Links
.............
* Introduction Pleroma Introduction:
* User Level: Pleroma What Is It
see: `Platform List`_ `Microblogging`_
........................................................................
Plume
-----
* Noun
A Federated blogging engine, based on `ActivityPub`_
"Authors can manage various blogs from an unique website.
Articles are also visible on other Plume websites,
and you can interact with them directly from other platforms like Mastodon."
There is live and working instance at: .
"Fediverse.Blog is a great choice if you want
to have an up-to-date public instance
(where your data won't be deleted).
It is provided by @gled@mastodon.host the Mastodon.host admin."
-- `[baptise_Oct_2018}`_
Plume is not yet ready for production uses. (October 2018)
Its Lead Developer considers it to experimental.
-- `[PlumeDev]`_
Meanwhile for the curious the technical or to contribute:
The best place to start `Plume on Github`_ or the `Plume Development Blog`_ .
Plume Links
...........
Lead Developer: https://baptiste.gelez.xyz/@/BaptisteGelez
- _`Plume on Github`
- Demo Instance
- Mastodon cross site test instance:
- Plume on `Matrix`_ #plume:disroot.org
- https://riot.im/app/#/room/#plume:disroot.org
- _`Plume Development Blog`
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
PM
--
* noun acronym
Product Manager
Production Manager
see: `jargon`_
........................................................................
Pod
---
_`pods`
In the context of `Distributed`_ `Networked`_ `Services`_ **Pod**
has two recent meanings.
1. An standalone Instance of `Diaspora`_.
2. Personal Online Data (store) POD
"Used for *distributed* person data storage and processing".
Promulgated by Tim Berners-Lee and others.
-- `[Inrupt-Oct-2018]`_
see: `MIT`_ , `Solid`_
As a further demonstration of the fluidity of contemporary language
and the crowding of name-spaces and concepts, here are some other known meanings
in the general context of `Information Technology`_.
From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms (September 2014) [vera]:
POD
Plain Old Document [format]
POD
Print / Publishing On Demand, "PoD"
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
pod
Not to be confused with {P.O.D.}.
1. (Allegedly from abbreviation POD for "Prince Of
Darkness") A {Diablo} 630 (or, latterly, any {letter-quality}
{impact printer}). From the {DEC-10} {PODTYPE} program used
to feed formatted text to it.
2. {Plain Old Documentation}.
[{Jargon File}]
(1998-12-18)
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Poll
----
also: _`polls`
* Noun
- A survey
- A quiz
* Verb
- To query a set of people.
........................................................................
Post
----
also: _`posts`
* Noun
A single message.
- A `Toot`_ is a `Mastodon`_ Post.
- A tweet and a quip are types of post.
- A (sent) message is a post
Something one may fix a paper based message on.
Often cylindrical and composed of wood. `:)` `emoticon`_
* Verb
post
To post a message where it is (generally) visible on a network.
"I will post this to the group"
"I have posted too many cat pics"
"Gandalf's Posts are Wizard"
From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]:
To send a message to a {mailing list} or {newsgroup}. Distinguished in
context from mail; one might ask, for example:
?Are you going to post the patch or mail it to known users??
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
post
To send a message to a {mailing list} or
{newsgroup}. Usually implies that the message is sent
indiscriminately to multiple users, in contrast to "mail"
which implies one or more deliberately selected individual
recipients.
You should only post a message if you think it will be of
interest to a significant proportion of the readers of the
group or list, otherwise you should use private {electronic
mail} instead. See {netiquette}.
[{Jargon File}]
(1997-12-04)
see: `toot`_, `tweet`_, `quip`_, `conversation`_, `message`_, `CW`_
`Platform List`_
........................................................................
postActive
----------
_`postactive` _`postactiv`
* Noun
A Federated social networking platform
It is derived from `GNU Social`_, which is itself derived from `StatusNet`_ and Laconica.
It helps `people`_ in a community, company, or group to exchange `short status updates`_,
do `polls`_, announce `events`_, or other social activities.
`Users`_ can choose which people to "follow" and
receive only their friends' or colleagues' `status messages`.
They can also view the `public timeline`_ of the site to see everyone,
or the "`whole known network`_" timeline,
to see all the people in sites that have connected with this one,
by someone [on your site] following them.
postActive Federation
.....................
As of |publish time| postActive communicates with servers running :
Friendica_, Hubzilla_, `GNU Social`_, `StatusNet`_, and `Mastodon`_.
(with some qualifications for mastodon)
-- `[postActive-home_Oct-2018]`_ https://postactiv.com/
see: `ActivityPub`_ which is a protocol not a platform.
`Platform List`_
........................................................................
Protocol
--------
_`Protocols`
An accepted set of rules procedures and guidelines.
By accepting an agreed common standardised set of methods
communication is reliably enabled between many systems.
In Federated Social Networking there is a well developed "Open Stack" of Protocols:
- OAuth authorization, OpenID authentication, Zot portable authentication.
- OStatus federation, ActivityPub federation protocol,
- XRD metadata discovery, the Portable Contacts protocol,
- the Wave Federation Protocol, XMPP (Jabber)
- OpenSocial widget APIs,
- microformats like XFN and hCard,
- Atom web feeds. RSS syndication / feeds.
Some or usually many of these are used per social network system,
( `Framework`_. `Platform`_ ) *and* in other distributed applications.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
protocol
A set of formal rules describing how to transmit data,
especially across a {network}. Low level protocols define the
electrical and physical standards to be observed, bit- and
byte-ordering and the transmission and {error detection and
correction} of the bit stream. High level protocols deal with
the data formatting, including the {syntax} of messages, the
terminal to computer dialogue, {character sets}, sequencing of
messages etc.
Many protocols are defined by {RFCs} or by {OS}.
(1995-01-12)
........................................................................
Public Timeline
---------------
- A flow of all *public posts* made by accounts on a local `Instance`_ or `Host`_.
- A `Message`_ `Feed`_ that holds content that is *not `flagged`_ Private*.
Only the messages actually published by `@handle` on @node.domain.
see: `Timeline`_
............................................................
PubSubHubBub
------------
* Noun and Verb
A protocol for subscribing to a Hubzilla account ?
Also Known As: `WebSub`_
This is used to send messages to followers
that have sent a "follow activity".
-- `[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]`_
........................................................................
Push
----
* verb
To send information out rather than waiting for a request.
Socialmedia Protocols often use notification type services to notify
other agents of state changes.
TODO
........................................................................
POSSE
-----
* Noun Acronym
Publish Own Site, Syndicate Elsewhere
A content publishing model that starts with
posting content on your own domain first,
then syndicating out copies to 3rd party services
with permashortlinks back to the original on your site.
This method helps ensure you retain clear verifiable
ownership of your content while also enabling
simple point of origin reference URL's.
There is more at:
-- `[IndieWeb-POSSE_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/POSSE
see: `URL`_ , `RSS`_ , `Authenticate`_
........................................................................
--------
Q is For
--------
Quip
----
also: _`quips`
* Noun
A post
A `GNUSocial`_ or `StatusNet`_ `microblog`_ `post`_
Similar to a `Mastodon`_ `Toot`_ or a Twitter |(TM)| Tweet.
see: `jargon`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
R is For
--------
Room
----
also: _`Chat Room`
* noun
A room is a place where users can share, send and receive messages.
`Messages`_ are sent to a room, and all participants in that room
with sufficient access will receive the message.
-- paraphrased
`[MatrixSpec-Oct-2018]`_ https://matrix.org/docs/spec/#room-structure
see also: `Chat`_ , `Jabber`_ , `Matrix`_ , `IRC`_, `ICQ`_
........................................................................
RSS
---
* Noun, Acronym
_`Really Simple Syndication`
A standardised mechanism for sites to propagate `data streams`_ ,
to other nodes or endpoint data consumers on networks.
This enables ready syndication (duplication) of `Content`_ across
arbitrary numbers of distribution and consumption points.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
[edited]
_`Rich Site Summary`
Really Simple _`Syndication`
RSS
RSS `feed`_
(RSS, `blog`_ , feed) A family of
{standard} {web} document types containing regularly
updated, short articles or news items.
RSS documents (generally called "RSS feeds", "news feeds" or just
"feeds") can be read with an RSS reader* ...
These are sometimes called " _`aggregators` " because they
combine multiple RSS feeds which the user can browse as a single
list.
The RSS reader tracks which articles the use has read, and
is typically set to show only new articles, hence the idea of a
"feed" or flow of new items.
Most RSS feeds are based on {_`RDF`}.
{RDF} is a structured document format
for describing textual resources such as news articles
available on the web.
RSS originally stood for "RDF Site Summary"
as it was designed to provide short descriptions of (changes to) a
{website}.
Because it provides a standard way to deliver, or "syndicate",
news or updates from one site to another, RSS is sometimes
expanded as "Really Simple Syndication".
It is closely associated with {blogs},
most of which provide an RSS feed of articles.
(2013-08-15)
see: `Atom`_
........................................................................
--------
S is for
--------
Salmons
-------
singular: _`Salmon`
* noun
Messages sent to direct recipients,
when you mention someone.
These are signed by a public key crypto mechanism.
They swim upstream to find you.
-- `[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]`_
Not the fish. Which is why its S a l m o n s.
see: `DM`_ `@mention`_ `WebSub`_ `PuSH`_ `OStatus`_
........................................................................
Service
-------
_`services`
* Noun
A utility delivered and accessed from a networked computer.
A service delivered by a Server or a Daemon
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
Work performed (or offered) by a
{server}. This may mean simply serving simple requests for
data to be sent or stored (as with {file servers}, {`gopher`_} or
{http} servers, {e-mail} servers, {finger} servers, {SQL}
servers, etc.); or it may be more complex work, such as that
of {irc} servers, print servers, {X Windows} servers, or
process servers.
(1997-09-11)
Simplified Example
1. An http server:
Delivers access to web pages.
i.e. It serves up web pages.
Those pages are constructed using an agreed set of standardised
instructions (HTML / XML) delivered over the Internet
using HTTP or HTTPS (Secured) protocols and standards.
a. Apache and Nginx are two programmable httpd Servers.
They provide the http web-service.
b. Firefox and Chromium are two software http Clients.
They process instructions received from a web server.
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Server
------
* noun
- A `Node`_ on a `Network`_ that provides one or more `Services`_.
- The Physical Machine that provides services.
Often dedicated to the task and designed to perform
those tasks effectively and *reliably*.
- A `node`_ that has connections to a relatively large amount of other nodes
`[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]`_
see: `host`_ `Platform List`_
.........................................................................
Session
-------
* Noun
A communications connection between at least two agents.
None of them have to be human.
- At the human `operator`_ level, it often means `logging on` to a service
to interact with the software itself and optionally (eventually) other people.
When you log into the Fediverse you are :
- Starting a client to server(s) session with the `Networking`_ Software.
- Operating a 'session' exchanging information with other `Users`_ , or even `Bots`_.
- ( or you may just be immoderately out on a 'session' of `podcasts` and News `Feeds`_ :)
* Verb
To ** session ** ; is to communicate.
" I will session with you on Socialhome tomorrow night. "
( Probably implying that: I will login and engage 'intently' with you. )
-- aside : Context. Its a slippery thing.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
session
1. A lasting connection between a user (or user
agent) and a {peer}, typically a {server}, usually involving
the exchange of many packets between the user's computer and
the server. A session is typically implemented as a layer in
a network {protocol} (e.g. {telnet}, {FTP}).
In the case of protocols where there is no concept of a
session layer (e.g. {UDP}) or where sessions at the {session
layer} are generally very short-lived (e.g. {HTTP}), {virtual}
sessions are implemented by having each exchange between the
user and the remote host include some form of {cookie} which
stores state (e.g. a unique session ID, information about the
user's preferences or authorisation level, etc.).
See also {login}.
2. A lasting connection using the {session layer} of a
networking protocol.
(1997-08-03)
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Set
---
Informally :
A grouping of or from a list
Sets
----
TODO
........................................................................
Short Status
------------
also: _`short status updates`
A `microblog`_ post
A short `message`_
........................................................................
Side Effect
-----------
also: _`sideeffect`
noun
1: a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or
therapy; "severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug"
2: any adverse and unwanted secondary effect; "a strategy to
contain the fallout from the accounting scandal" [syn: {side effect}, {fallout}]
-- From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006
- Not always an undesirable engineering moment.
- Often a surprise.
- Something to avoid with good ( functional ) practice
see: `Jargon`_
........................................................................
Sign In
-------
also: _`Sign-In`
* Noun
A "sign in" is approximately the same as an "`account`_"
* Verb
To *"sign in"* is to `login`_ to a service of some sort..
Sign-In is often seen in the context of `OAuth`_ and `IndieAuth`_.
It is diffentiated from `Login`_ by being undertaken by an `agent` for you.
A proxy of some sort, acting for you.
this is often indictated by phrases like:
Sign In with "Some Place Else" .
e.g.
- 'Sign in with Google' [ ]
or
- 'Sign In with Face Book' [ ] .
Github etc etc.
There is no reason _you_ , or a group of _you_ (we),
cant do this your (our) self.
see: `Indieweb`_ `IndieAuth`_ `OAuth`_ note `Lockin`_
`Platform List`_
........................................................................
Signal
------
* noun
From the User of a Social Media Interface a signal is more or less a road sign:
However there are probably many layers of signals going on around you right now :)
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Signal \Sig"nal\, n. [F., fr. LL. signale, fr. L. signum. See
{Sign}, n.]
1. A sign made for the purpose of giving notice to a person
of some occurrence, command, or danger; also, a sign,
event, or watchword, which has been agreed upon as the
occasion of concerted action.
[1913 Webster]
...
3. Hence: (Electronics) A measurable electrical quantity,
such as voltage or current, that conveys information by
varying in magnitude over time; as, the signals from the
strongest commercial radio stations can be received over
hundreds of miles.
[PJC] Signal to noise ratio
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
signal
A predefined message sent between two
{Unix} {processes} or from the {kernel} to a process. Signals
communicate the occurrence of unexpected external events such
as the forced termination of a process by the user. Each
signal has a unique number associated with it and each process
has a signal handler set for each signal. Signals can be sent
using the {kill} {system call}.
(1996-12-10)
........................................................................
Silos
-----
also _`silo`
* noun
- Isolated self referencing environments.
- Often Corporate , but by no means always.
Synonyms: "_`Corporate Web`"
Mitigating Influences: `IndieWeb`_ , `Federation`_ . `Fediverse`_
``For the sake of clarity "Stovepipes" "Echo Chambers" and "think space Silos"
are not dealt with in this entry.``
Originally :
From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Silo \Si"lo\, n. [F.]
A pit or vat for packing away green fodder for winter use so
as to exclude air and outside moisture. See {Ensilage}.
-- [1913 Webster]
From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
silo
1: a cylindrical tower used for storing silage
2: military installation consisting of an underground structure
where ballistic missiles can be stored and fired
Characteristics Of A Silo
..........................
Edited from: https://indieweb.org/silo
A silo, or web content hosting silo, in the context of the `IndieWeb`_,
and this `glossary`_ is a *centralized* web site that:
- *stakes some claim* to content contributed to it
- and *restricts* access in some way (has walls).
Silos Often have many or all of the following characteristics:
Silos:
- Require you to create an account specific to that site.
- Allow you to post content.
- Only allow interaction with others on that site.
- restrict your ownership via:
- an access wall that prevents obfuscates or impedes indexing of content or metadata.
- a restrictive terms of service (TOS)
- claim some ownership or license to any Content
you create or share within the silo.
- Impose Constraints on your ability to import/export your own content,
Or metadata about that content.
-- `[IndieWeb-Silo_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/silo
see: `FSF`_ `LockIn`_
compare: `Commons`_ , `Indieweb`_ , `Fediverse`_
........................................................................
SMS
---
* noun
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
SMS
1. {Short Message Service}.
2. {Storage Management Services}.
3. {System Management Server}.
(1999-05-02)
........................................................................
Socialhome
----------
also: _`SocialHome` , _`Social Home`
* noun
From the (this) Users point of view Socialhome is a Broadsheet,
or even a Glossy Journal.
Short form posts (tweet or toot like) are fully supported.
*Long form, illustrated messages are encouraged.*
SocialHome AMA Notes
....................
from an *Ask Me Anything* session with :
SocialHomes Primary Developer
`@jaywink@jasonrobinson.me`
Moderated by:
Edward Morbius: https://plus.google.com/104092656004159577193
A "lay persons" description of the platform :
- a social networking server with rich profiles.
- a cross between Twitter, Tumblr and Pinterest.
- statuses like Twitter,
- longer form posts like Tumblr
- visual layout more like Pinterest.
- Inlined image uploads.
- Socialhome streams load fast
* users have the choice of 4 visibility levels for content.
- Public
(federates, indexed by google)
- limited
(federates, but only to those servers where targeted users are at)
- site
(does not federate, visible to server users only),
- self
(visible to self only, good for drafts).
-- `[Gplus-AMA-31-October-2018]`_
From The SocialHome Network itself:
SocialHome Streams
..................
Content in #Socialhome is collected in *Streams*.
In the future users will be able to build their own Streams
based on rules and filters.
Currently:
- Followed - Content from followed users.
- Public - Content with visibility public
from local and remote users.
- Tag - Visible content containing a particular hashtag.
- Local - Content created by users on the same server.
- Limited - Non-public content visible to the user
from local and remote users.
- User pinned - Content the user has pinned to their profile.
- User all - All content the local or remote user has.
Social Homes Federation
.......................
Socialhome federates using the `Diaspora`_ protocol.
This allows content to `federate`_ not only to other `Socialhome`_ servers,
but also with servers from Diaspora, `Friendica`_ and `Hubzilla`_ platforms.
`ActivityPub`_ support is work in progress, which should extend
SocialHomes reach to all of the Fediverse.
-- `[SocialHome_Oct_2018]`_
see: `Platform List`_
......................................................................
Social Media
------------
From Wikipedia
Social media are interactive computer-mediated technologies
that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas,
career interests and other forms of expression
via virtual communities and `networks`_.
The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services
currently available introduces challenges of definition;
however, there are some common features:
- Social media are interactive Web 2.0 Internet-based applications.
- User-generated content, such as text posts or comments,
digital photos or videos, and data generated through
all online interactions, is the lifeblood of social media.
- Users create service-specific profiles for the website or
app that are designed and maintained by the social media organization.
- *Social media facilitate the development of online social networks
by connecting a user's profile with those of other individuals or groups.*
-- `[WikiPedia-SocMed-Oct-2018]`_
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Socmed
------
* noun abbrev
Social Media
see: `Social Media`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Solid
-----
* Noun
.. epigraph::
"The Web as I envisaged it, we have not seen it yet.
The future is still so much bigger than the past."
-- Tim Berners-Lee
`[solid-Oct-2018]`_
Solid
#. Empowers users and organizations to separate their data
from the `applications`_ that use it.
#. It allows people to look at the same data with different software at the same time.
#. It opens brand new avenues for creativity, problem-solving, and commerce.
* You Own Your `Data`_, and choose `Apps` to Manage it.
* You decide *where* you store your data.
* You are free to *move* your data at any time, without interruption of service.
* You give people and your apps permission to read or write.
* Things saved through one app are available in another:
* you never have to sync,
* because your data stays with you.
-- `[solid-Oct-2018]`_
The mission is to reshape the contemporary web as we know it.
In many ways this is a set of tools to re-democratise and decentralise (de `Silo`_)
the Internet and allow anybody to take back control of their data.
It is still early days but the software is useful and ready for some wide testing.
visit: Solid at https://solid.inrupt.com/
Referenced: `[Tim Berners-Lee-Oct-16-2018]`_
Open Letter: https://www.inrupt.com/blog/one-small-step-for-the-web
Solid Features
..............
* PODs are like secure USB sticks for the Web,
that you can access from anywhere.
* Its your Solid POD so You decide where you store your data.
* You're free to move your POD at any time
* You give people and your apps permission to read or write
to parts of your Solid POD.
( photos sounds video text )
* You never have to sync, because your data stays with you.
* In order to prove ownership of your data,
you need a way to identify yourself.
Rather than relying on a third party,
you can use your Solid POD to say who you are.
- So no more "Log in with X" or "Log in with Y" on the Web
- just "Log in with your own Solid POD".
-- `[Solid-how_Nov-2018]`_
See also: `Zot`_ , `IndieAuth`_ , `OAuth`_ , `Hubzilla`_
........................................................................
spam
----
. Noun
Unsolicited messages (much more here)
. verb
To propagate the same, generally widely.
........................................................................
Status
------
synonym: `Message`_
........................................................................
StatusNet
---------
also: statusnet
* noun protocol
The original `GNU Social`_
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
Stovepipe
---------
TODO
........................................................................
Subscribe
---------
* Verb
- To `follow`_ another accounts `thread`_ or `stream`_ of `status`_ updates.
- To agree to receive `messages`_ from another account.
Normally visible to the account being followed.
Optionally visible to anybody else, or some `group`_ of selected accounts.
see also: `Follow`_
........................................................................
Suite
-----
* noun
A collection of software applications designed to work together.
An office suite
provides many tools related to reporting and planning
in commercial (or other) settings.
Many Social networking platforms may be considered suites
as they provide more than one communications interface.
Using more than one inter-platform protocol.
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
T is for
--------
The Whole Known Network
-----------------------
A Global `Feed`_
Often an Interface Feed choice.
- Show me messages from everybody this local node knows about.
- Give me a view of the Socialmedia activity
of as much of the Fediverse as the Node can.
The *Whole Known Network* is a stream of Local posts
combined chronologically with feeds from other Hosts
that reach your home Host.
i.e.
The `Feed`_ contains Public `Posts`_ from all of
the remote `Accounts`_ `Followed`_ by all of
the `Users`_ on your local `Host`_.
synonym: Global
........................................................................
Thread
------
* Noun
- A particular chain of `messages`_.
- A message `stream`_ that can be filtered or otherwise selected.
Often a subset of a wider conversation.
May be facilitated by using:
- #Tags
- > subject here
- Or a simple line alone at the `head`_ of a message.
Nothing (overtly) to do with CPU threads.
........................................................................
Timeline
--------
* noun
An accounts feed of messages.
- In Chronological Order (more or less)
- Normally collated from who an account follows and perhaps the local instance.
* Verb
To timeline something is to
- Schedule it. Perhaps fit something into an extant schedule.
- Or examine the process implications required to complete a task.
See: `GNUSocial`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
TLA
---
also: _`3LA` . _`YABA`
* Noun
Three Letter Acronym
- not all TLA's have 3 letters.
TLA
/T?L?A/, n.
[Three-Letter Acronym]
1. Self-describing abbreviation for a species with which computing
terminology is infested.
2. Any confusing acronym. Examples include MCA, FTP, SNA, CPU, MMU, SCCS,
DMU, FPU, NNTP, TLA. People who like this looser usage argue that not all
TLAs have three letters, just as not all four-letter words have four
letters. One also hears of ?ETLA? (Extended Three-Letter Acronym,
pronounced /ee tee el ay/) being used to describe four-letter acronyms; the
terms ?SFLA? (Stupid Four-Letter Acronym), ?LFLA? (Longer Four Letter
Acronym), and VLFLA (Very Long Five Letter Acronym) have also been
reported. See also {YABA}.
Notes TLA
.........
- YABA YAFA may be used interchangeably in most use cases.
- Not to be confused with Three Letter Agency
((which is a collection of administrative agencies) on a good day)
see: `Jargon`_ , `Acronym`_ , Cultural Virus
compare: `Anagram`_
........................................................................
TOS
---
* Acronym
Terms Of Service
A readily understood set of conditions.
That simply, swiftly and clearly
define the restrictions imposed on you
for use and access to a service or product.
While simultaneously absolving the provider
with any responsibility to act with good craft faith or honour at all.
Many Denizens of Commonwealth Nations know,
quite precisely,
how to extend and pronounce this acronym.
see: `YMMV`_ , `LOL`_ , `Jargon`_ , `Silos`_ , `LockIn`_ , `StovePipe`_
TOOT
----
* Noun
A `Mastodon`_ Post
* Verb
To post on Mastodon
........................................................................
Troll
-----
also : _`Trolling`
* Noun
* Verb
A huge waste of time and O2 mostly
see: `jargon`_
........................................................................
Twitter
-------
also: _`Tweets` , _`Tweet`
* Noun
- A definitive `microblogging`_ host.
- As of |publish time| Twitter is not directly `federated`_ with other social media sites.
- Individual `posts`_ on Twitter are called "Tweets"
To Tweet is to post on Twitter.
synonym: Birdsite
see: `Platform List`_
........................................................................
TLDR
----
also: _`TL:DR` _`TL/DR`
* acronym
Too Long Didn't Read
see: `acronym`_
........................................................................
--------
U is for
--------
URI
---
* Noun Acronym
*Universal Resource Identifier*
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
Universal Resource Identifier
URI
(URI, originally "UDI" in some {WWW}
documents) The generic set of all names and addresses which
are short strings which refer to objects (typically on the
{Internet}).
The most common kinds of URI are {URLs} and {relative URLs}.
URIs are defined in {RFC 1630}.
W3 specification
http://w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/URL/URI_Overview.html.
(1997-07-16)
URL
---
* noun
*Uniform Resource Locator*
- Commonly A Web or other Internet Address
- But also many other protocols
- mail
- ftp
- `gopher`_
URL Notes
.........
protocol://remote.address[:optional port]/resourceLocation?#do-stuff
( read on for clarity : )
Modified: (slightly)
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
- Uniform Resource Locator
- Uniform Resource Locater
- Universal Resource Locator
- URL
- web address
(URL, previously *"Universal"* )
A {standard} way of *specifying the location of an object*,
typically a {web page}, on the {Internet}.
Other types of object are described below.
URLs are the form of address used on the {World-WideWeb}.
They are used in {HTML} documents to specify the target
of a {hypertext link} which is often another HTML document
(possibly stored on another computer).
URL Examples
............
Here are some example URLs::
http://w3.org/default.html
http://acme.co.uk:8080/images/map.gif
http://foldoc.org/?Uniform+Resource+Locator
http://w3.org/default.html#Introduction
ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors/msdos/graphics/gifkit.zip
ftp://spy:secret@ftp.acme.com/pub/topsecret/weapon.tgz
mailto:fred@doc.ic.ac.uk
news:alt.hypertext
telnet://dra.com
file:///home/Donald/LunchCodes.tweets
gopher://baud.baby/0/phlog/fs20181102.txt
a. The part before the first colon
specifies the access scheme or {`protocol`_}.
Commonly implemented schemes include:
- {ftp},{http} (web), {`gopher`_} or {WAIS}.
The "file" scheme should only be used to refer to a file on the same
host. Other less commonly used schemes include
- {news}, {telnet} or mailto ({e-mail}).
b. The part after the colon is interpreted according to the access scheme.
In general, two slashes after the colon introduce a {hostname}
(host:port is also valid,
or for {FTP} `user:passwd@host` or `user@host` ).
c. *The `port`_ number is usually omitted*
and defaults to the standard port for the scheme,
e.g. port 80 for HTTP.
d. For an HTTP or FTP URL the next part
is a {pathname}
which is usually related to the pathname of a file on the server.
(That) file can contain any type of data but only certain types are
interpreted directly by most {browsers}.
These include {HTML} and images in {gif} or {jpeg} format.
...
A file whose type is not recognised directly by the browser
may be passed to an external "viewer" {application},
e.g. a sound player.
e. The last (optional) part of the URL may be
- query string preceded by "?" or
- a *"fragment identifier" preceded by "#"*.
The later indicates a particular position within the specified
document.
...
The authoritative W3C URL specification
http://w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/Addressing.html
(2000-02-17)
see: `gopher`_ , `URI`_
........................................................................
User
----
Also: _`users` , _`person`
- By "convention", a natural actual extant human person :)
- A *person* who utilises the facilities offered by a `Host`_.
- That person would normally have an `account`_ on that Host to `operate` it.
- Sometimes the person has agents who have 24/7 agency for them.
These services run for, or even pretend to be, the User.
- *Sometimes* there is no spoon
- Yet other times the User is a "Bot" .
And never was a person.
- OR :
*Essentially a User is the Owner of an Account on a Host or Service Instance.*
see also `operator`_ , `Handle`_ , `Account`_
........................................................................
Utility
-------
also: _`utilities`
* noun
- Software that does some underlying or occasional task
that is not the prime function of the software suite.
- These may be generic, portable and independent.
examples:
A Configuration `Wizard`_ , Search Interfaces , A Colour Picker,
Domain Name System (DNS) lookup tools, even email applications .
There are also many software libraries that provide programmatic utilities.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
- utility software
- utility
- utility program
_tool (Or utility program, tool) Any {software} that performs
some specific *task that is secondary* to the main purpose of
using the computer (the latter would be called {application
programs}) but is not essential to the operation of the
computer ({system software}).
Many utilities could be considered as part of the {system
software}, which can in turn be considered part of the
{operating system}.
........................................................................
Username
--------
* Noun
- An identifying label for a service_ or node_ .
- Your name at a social Media Instance_.
- Your account name on a host_. (Nixen)
see also: `Handle`_ , `Account`_ `
........................................................................
--------
V is for
--------
Vaporware
---------
_`vapour` , _`Vapourware` , _`vapor`
* Noun
- Proposition. (Often that is all it is or takes).
- Smoke and Mirrors. Confuses the space; **deceit**.
- (Usually) Software that is announced and never fully released.
- May also be Hardware.
- A Politicians Promise
Applies beyond the `CIT`_ Industry.
- Often used as a tactic by Vendors exploiting 'Space Dominance
or `Lockin`_.
- By announcing new product or standards
a vendor attempts to exclude competition.
- Smaller players are discouraged by having to also implement or match
the new "thing".
- The `Userbase` is kept engaged at least for a short time.
- Discussion even argument is generated which adds **noise**
to the environment and implies or reinforces vendor authority
(and Brand awareness) in that space.
-- `[VaporLininfo_Nov-2018]`_ http://www.linfo.org/vaporware.html
Vapour History
..............
from Wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporware
"Vaporware" was coined by a Microsoft engineer in 1982 to describe
the company's Xenix operating system and first appeared in print
in a newsletter by entrepreneur Esther Dyson in 1983.
It became popular among writers in the industry as a way to describe products
they felt took *too long to be released*.
InfoWorld magazine editor Stewart Alsop helped popularize it
by *lampooning* Bill Gates with a **Golden Vaporware award** for
the late release of his company's first version of Windows in 1985.
Vaporware first implied *intentional fraud* when it was applied
to the Ovation office suite in 1983;
the suite's demonstration was well received by the press,
but the product was never released.
-- `[VaporWiki_Nov-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporware
(emphasis added)
........................................................................
View
----
also: _`views`
* Noun
- A named subset of a larger listing of accounts.
- A particular take on filtering a list.
- An aspect of a greater view of a set of people.
see also: `Group`_ , `Aspect`_
........................................................................
Vue.js
------
* Noun
The Progressive JavaScript `Framework`_
Vue Links
.........
https://vuejs.org/
........................................................................
VM
--
* noun
Virtual Machine
see: `acronym`_ , `LXC`_
........................................................................
--------
W is for
--------
Web
---
* noun
- Generic term for the Internet.
- Originally and identifier for the "World Wide Web"
- The Internet as seen via a web browser and the http(s) standards.
- Networking using TCP/IP under http with DNS as the addressing glue. ( :) )
synonyms:
online, the internet , the webs , the webiverse
........................................................................
WebFinger
---------
* noun `Protocol`_
- simple discovery for the web
- One agreed method of asking about an identity on someone elses computer.
- Used to discover `users`_ on `distributed`_ `nodes`_ and `pods`_.
- Webfinger uses `JSON`_ Resource Descriptor ( a standard pattern )
to ask for data such as:
- the address of an accounts primary server.
- the `Hcard`_ details of an account. (address book details)
- Webfinger uses the HTTPS protocol to secure the requests
for example:
A webfinger request might be made, asking where to find an Avatar
and Profile Summary for a particular account.
WebFinger Notes
...............
WebFinger is used by the `federated`_ social networks
notably `GNU social`_ `StatusNet`_ and `Diaspora`_.
-- `[wpwf]`_
The protocol is used to inquire of information about **an entity**.
The entity is identified by a `URI`_ that may look like `@handle@node.domain`_.
The client can, optionally, specify (ask for) one or more `link relation`_ types
for which it would like to receive information.
1. A **Webfinger Request** discovers:
- information about people or other entities
- using standard web methods over a secure transport.
- information for a `URI`_ that might not be usable as a web locator
- such as `@handle@node.domain`_ or `email@some.place` URI's
2. A **WebFinger Resource** :
- Returns a `JavaScript Object Notation` (`JSON`_) object
describing the *entity* (thing) that is queried.
- That JSON object is called a **JSON Resource Descriptor** (JRD).
It may include extra _`link relation` information:
For a human entity, the type of information includes:
- a personal profile address, identity service, telephone number,
or preferred avatar.
Other *entities* might return JRDs (Resource Descriptors)
- containing links that enable a client to discover,
that a printer can print in color on A4 paper,
the physical location of a server,
or other static information.
WebFinger is specified as the discovery protocol for "OpenID Connect",
which is a `protocol`_ that allows one to more easily
log into various sites on the Internet. -- `[wpwf]`_
see also: `Finger`_ , `Pinky`_ , `Hcard`_ , `JSON`_ , `Zot`_
referenced:
`[WikiPedia-WebFinger_Nov-2018]`_ _`[wpwf]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebFinger
`[WebFinger-IETF-rfc7033_Nov2018]`_ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7033
`[WebFinger-Net_Nov2018]`_ https://webfinger.net
`[Diaspora_WebFinger-Nov-2018]`_ https://diaspora.github.io/diaspora_federation/discovery/webfinger.html
........................................................................
webmention
----------
* noun protocol
pingbacks, @mentions and more for the entire universe.
Webmention is a simple way to notify another `URL`_
when you mention it on your site.
A Webmention is a notification that one `URL`_ links to another.
For example,
- Alice writes an interesting post on her blog.
- Bob then writes a response to her post on his own site,
- linking back to Alice's original post.
- Bob's publishing software sends a Webmention to Alice
notifying that her article was replied to,
- and Alice's software can show that reply as a comment on the original post.
Sending a Webmention is not limited to blog posts,
and can be used for additional kinds of content and responses as well.
- a response can be an RSVP to an event,
- an indication that someone "likes" another post,
- a "bookmark" of another post, and many others.
Webmention enables these interactions
to happen across different websites,
*enabling a distributed social web*.
Webmention is a W3C Recommendation that *supersedes Pingback*,
using only HTTP and x-www-form-urlencoded content rather than
XML-RPC. It has additional functionality and greater security & robustness
from years of experience with prior iterations.
"A web standard for mentions and conversations across the web,
a powerful building block that is used for
a growing federated network of comments, likes, reposts,
and other rich interactions across the decentralized social web."
"# an @ mention that works across websites;
so that you don't feel immovable from Twitter or Fb."
-- Rony Ngala
"When you link to a website, you can send it a Webmention to notify it.
If it supports Webmentions, then that website may display your post
as a comment, like, or other response,
and presto, you're having a conversation from one site to another!"
The above is a mashup from the following sites:
-- `[WebMention-Intro_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/Webmention
-- `[WebMention-Dev_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/Webmention-developer
-- `[webmention-W3C_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/TR/webmention/
-- `[WebMention-W3C-REC_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/REC-webmention-20170112/
see: `micropub`_ `microformats`_ `indieweb`_ `indieauth`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
WebSub
------
Alias: `PubSubHubBub`_
see: `Salmons`_ , `PubSubHubBub`_
........................................................................
Whole Known Network
-------------------
A `follow`_ setting that includes all known accounts the platforms `instance`_
knows of through local users subscribing to external instances users posts.
see: `The Whole Known Network`_ `Federated View`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
WIP
---
* Noun
Work In progress
Like this thing
Wizard
------
* Noun
An User Interface designed to allow *simpler, reliable, configuration*
of client software to a service or other utility.
The intention is to ease the operators effort while also
presenting the underlying software with configuration values
that are consistent and (hopefully) within design limits.
- Occasionally this facility is called a _`Druid`.
From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]:
wizard
1. A person who knows how a complex piece of software or
hardware works (that is, who {groks} it); especially someone
who can find and fix bugs quickly in an emergency. Someone is
a {hacker} if he or she has general hacking ability, but is a
wizard with respect to something only if he or she has
specific detailed knowledge of that thing. A good hacker
could become a wizard for something given the time to study
it.
2. A person who is permitted to do things forbidden to
ordinary people; one who has {wheel} privileges on a system.
3. A Unix expert, especially a Unix systems programmer. This
usage is well enough established that "Unix Wizard" is a
recognised job title at some corporations and to most
headhunters.
[ snips ]
4. An _`interactive help` utility that guides the user through a
potentially complex task, such as configuring a {PPP} driver
to work with a new {modem}. Wizards are often implemented as
a sequence of {dialog boxes} which the user can move forward
and backward through, filling in the details required. The
implication is that the expertise of a human wizard in one of
the above senses is encapsulated in the software wizard,
allowing the average user to perform expertly.
-- [{Jargon File}] (1998-09-07)
........................................................................
Wordpress
---------
* Noun
A popular `blogging`_ platform.
Wordpress has a huge user base and a vast number of developers
who have become proficient in theming and extending the platform.
see: `Blog`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
WriteFreely
-----------
* Noun
A Contemporary `blogging`_ platform written in the Go language.
From github site:
WriteFreely is a beautifully pared-down blogging platform
that's simple on the surface, yet powerful underneath.
It's designed to be flexible and share your writing widely,
so it's built around plain text and can
publish to the `fediverse`_ via `ActivityPub`_.
-- `[writefreely-GitHub_Nov-2018]`_
WriteFreely Features
....................
Start a blog for yourself, or host a community of writers
Form larger federated networks,
and interact over modern protocols like `ActivityPub`_.
Write on a dead-simple, distraction-free and super fast editor.
Publish drafts and let others
proofread them by sharing a private link
Build more advanced apps and extensions with the well-documented `API`_.
-- `[writefreely-GitHub_Nov-2018]`_ https://github.com/writeas/writefreely/blob/master/README.md
WriteAs
.......
Officially launching v0.1 of WriteFreely,
our free, self-hosted version of Write.as.
WriteFreely lets you start your own community of writers,
optionally with ActivityPub enabled,
so you can join the larger fediverse and spread your writing
on the decentralized social web.
You'll be able to set up a space for your small gathering of writers,
who can all create multiple blogs under one account,
save drafts, and even customise their blogs with CSS.
You can also use WriteFreely to host your own minimalist blog
with the same distraction-free writing experience you love on Write.as.
-- `[writefreely-HelloWorld_Nov-2018]`_ https://blog.writefreely.org/hello-world
see: `Blog`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
X is for
--------
XMPP
----
* Noun
A Messaging Protocol that can be Extended.
*It is highly likely you use it every day* as the `Protocol`_ XMPP.
You may also use it as `Jabber`_ : a message / chat service (and more) .
From Jabber.org
The original open instant messaging (IM) technology,
invented by Jeremie Miller in 1998 and formalized as the
Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)
by the IETF as an Internet Standard for messaging and presence.
-- `[Jabber_Oct-2018]`_
From XMPP.org
Battle-tested. Independent. Privacy-focused
Millions use XMPP software daily to connect to people and services.
XMPP is the open standard for messaging and presence
XMPP powers emerging technologies like IoT, WebRTC, and social.
No one owns XMPP. It's free and open for everyone since 1999.
It's a living standard.
Engineers actively extend and improve it.
-- `[XMPP_Oct-20-2018]`_
see: `Instant Messaging`_ `Platform List`_
........................................................................
--------
Y is for
--------
YMMV
----
'Your Mileage May Vary'
Usually used to *lightly* warn the recipient that the `subject` of discussion
may `not perform` as previously observed.
This also implies that its up to the `recipient` to
`operate the object` under discussion `as documented` or otherwise noted.
It is a template / boiler plate / box warning.
In a similar, though not as alarmist, category to:
*Warning Flames may be Hot.*
see: `Acronym`_ , `Jargon`_
--------
Z is for
--------
Zap
---
Zap is an open source decentralised social network
with more privacy and less drama.
Supports Zap and ActivityPub,
starting with the latest release from 2019-09-22.
-- `[ZapHome-Feb2020]`_ https://zotlabs.org/page/zap/zap
Zap provides
- permission control and moderation of comments.
- Events RSVP Rich Formated Content Groups and more
see:
The Federation MarkDown file is informative:
https://framagit.org/zot/zap/blob/a14474a1355bc3c6338ed274f1fb8eac9213d90c/FEDERATION.md
Zot
---
_`Zot6`
* Noun Protocol
Independent portable authorisation "system".
*GOT ZOT?*
Zot is a `JSON`_ based web framework for implementing
secure decentralised communications and services.
It differs from many other communication protocols by
building communications on top of a decentralised identity
and authentication framework.
The authentication component is similar to `OpenID`_ conceptually
but is insulated from DNS-based identities.
Where possible remote authentication is silent and invisible.
This provides a mechanism for
*internet scale distributed access control which is unobtrusive*.
-- `[Hubzill-start_Oct-24-2018]`_ https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project
The primary issues Zot addresses are
- completely decentralised communications
- independence from DNS-based identity
- node mobility
- seamless remote authentication
- high performance
-- `[OsadaZot_Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/developer/zot_protocol#Technical_Introduction
W3C has a Zot Working group active in early 2020.
https://www.w3.org/community/zot/
Zot is a WebMTA which provides a decentralised identity
and communications protocol using HTTPS/JSON.
Earlier revisions of the zot protocol dealt with
the creation of nomadic identities
and cross-domain authentication to enable
a decentralised network with features
rivaling large centralised providers.
Zot/6 builds on those concepts and streamlines many of the interactions,
applying lessons learned over decades of building decentralised systems.
...
Zot is architecturally different from other HTTPS-based
"social communications" protocols such as
`OStatus`_, `ActivityPub`_, and `Diaspora`_.
The primary differences are:
- Support for nomadic identity
where an identity is not permanently bound to a DNS server.
- MUAs built on top of Zot are able to use and express
detailed cross-domain permissions.
- Encryption negotation for additional message protection
in addition to HTTPS
- Zot does not define an absolute payload format for content.
Implementations MUST support `ActivityStreams`_.
Additional message types and serialisation formats
MAY provide vendor specific enhancements.
- Federation between other WebMTA protocols is not hampered
by unnecessary restrictions on 3rd party communications.
- Messages from incompatible systems may be relayed to other sites
which do not support the 3rd party protocol.
- Detailed delivery reporting is provided
for auditing and troubleshooting;
which is critical in a distributed communications service.
-- `[zotlabs-zot-2020]`_
Zot as Trinity
--------------
from: https://zotlabs.org/channel/zap?f=&cat=Zap
(February 2020)
The Zotlabs* Trinity short and concise
*What's Zotlabs|Hubzilla, Zotlabs|Osada and Zotlabs|Zap all about?*
`Hubzilla`_ - `Osada`_ - `Zap`_ are one family.
The brains behind them all is the same
there are other developers involved in all three.
Each has a fairly defined use-case, but
(once the transition to Zot6 in Hubzilla is complete)
- all three will be able to intercommunicate with each other.
`Hubzilla`_ is the most established product.
It should be considered more of an "application platform"
or maybe a "publication platform"
(kind of like what WordPress has become since it now has plugins
that allow you to do almost anything
- it's more than a Content Management System).
"Social Media" on Hubzilla was one of the first use-cases
adopted by a large number of people
- and so many think it is primarily a social media platform.
It is not.
It is a privacy and security aware application platform
that can support a huge number of use cases through the
plugin/addon architecture which is lean and efficient.
`Osada`_ is more intended for end users interested specifically
in Social Media applications that want to be able to communicate
with ActivityPub but also have
SOME of the privacy and security capabilities offered by Hubzilla.
`ActivityPub`_ has a larger user base but is fundamentally incompatible
with certain privacy and security models.
So, anything related to `ActivityPub`_ is going to be a compromise.
`Osada`_ is a social media platform that brings as
much of the privacy and security features of Hubzilla as is possible
while still providing integration with `ActivityPub`_.
`Zap`_ is a social media platform for those who are
privacy and security minded and are not willing to compromise
privacy and security just because "*everybody is doing it.*"
It has the [same] full range of privacy, security, and
censorship resistant features inherent in the Zot protocol
as Hubzilla (without Federation addons).
If you are an "end-user" of social media
and want to be able to seamlessly communicate with `ActivityPub`_,
you want to use `Osada`_.
If privacy, security, and censorship resistance is important to you
and you're willing to give up access to other protocols
in order to maintain those things, you probably want `Zap`_.
If you are primarily interested in providing content and data to others
on an extensible and robust manner with privacy, security,
and with built in ability to provide redundancy in case of failure
or as a censorship resistance feature, you want to consider Hubzilla.
-- `[Zotlabs_February_2020]`_
Some layout alterations for clarity and local consistancy.
Zot Manifesto
-------------
The Zot Manifesto
You have the right to a permanent internet identity
which is not associated with what server you are currently using
and cannot be taken away from you by anybody, ever.
You have the right to refuse/reject or possibly moderate
comments on your posts by anybody you don't know.
You also have the right to not allow them to comment
on your posts in the first place,
until such time as they have earned your trust.
You have the right to show your photos and videos
to anybody you desire and
also NOT show them to anybody you desire.
If your software does not implement these rights,
you have the right to fix it or replace it.
The Earth Manifesto
-------------------
The earth is your mother.
She gave you life.
Respect her or she will take it away.
Silence is complicity.
Speak.
Those who are leading us to destruction can be stopped.
7.5 billion people cannot be stopped.
see also: `Osada`_ `Hubzilla`_ `Zap`_
........................................................................
2FA
---
* noun
Two Factor Authentication
Essentially a user is asked to further authenticate their Identity
by providing the Host with a least one extra
unique information that only the user knows.
A common example is to `SMS`_ (text) message a "text string" to enter.
(as well as Username and Password)
Other methods might involve text via email ,
biometrics (voice and or fingerprint),
hardware (`OTP`_) key generators.
see: `MFA`_
........................................................................
--------
Colophon
--------
:Status: |status|
:Version: |version| revision: |revision| :Date: |date|
- The Canonical Version
of this document is written in plain text formatted as |reST|.
- see : http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
- This rendered format was generated on |date| at |time|.
:Authors:
- Peter Gossner
:Contact:
Fediverse
#. @petegozz@pluspora.org
Email
#. pete.gossnerSPANNER$SPAMMERSgmail.com
.. image:: images/PenguinInOrbit.jpg
:name: PenguinOrbitsAgain
:alt: A Scarfed Stuffed Happy (Toy) Penguin Orbits Antarctica
:scale: 20%
:Copyright:
- |(C)| 2018 2020
Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
.. image:: images/CC4-88x31.png
:name: CC4shareAlike
:alt: Creative Commons CC4 Icon
:align: center
Licence: <|cc4ref|>
.. admonition:: Dedication
For Artists and Hackers,
Academics, and Admins.
For Humans who Grok stuff.
Those self taught, and persistent.
For those who build *for Us* :
Tools to own and run.
For People in Community :
Who will *not* be a Commodity,
For Our Internet,
And all who sail on her.
Useful may it be.
Save time may it much.
Cheers :-) (^0^)
-- Peter Gossner
Oct 2018
.. Document Housekeeping
.. reStructuredText Directives
.. title:: The Independant Federated Fediverse
.. |GNU| replace:: 'GNU : http://gnu.org'
.. |reST| replace:: reStructuredText
.. _RST: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
.. |cc4image| image:: images/CC4-88x31.png
.. |cc4ref| replace:: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
.. |(C)| unicode:: 0xA9 .. copyright sign
.. |(TM)| unicode:: U+2122 .. with trademark sign
.. |---| unicode:: U+02014 .. em dash
.. |date| date::
.. |time| date:: %H:%M
.. |publish time| replace:: Late 2018
.. |revision| date:: %d-%m-%Y
.. |status| replace:: more-bita-beta
.. |version| replace:: 0.1.8
........................................................................
..
Construct html5 format with ::
rst2html5 -g -t -s fediverse-glossary.txt > index.html
Written with Emacs in rst-mode + ispell-minor-mode
+ flyspell
Even dat waznt nuff so aspelletted -c too was it.
"Using Local Style Sheets"
html5 produced like so (ish)
rst2html5 -gst --stylesheet-dirs=./styles --link-stylesheet fediverse-glossary.txt > index.html
------------------------
References and Footnotes
------------------------
also: _`references` , _`footnotes`
* _`The Fediverse Party` :
* _`The Federation Info Site` :
Images
- _`[EukombosLogo-22June2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse#/media/File:Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg
`ActivityPub`_ and `ActivityStreams`_
.. _`pleroma-encyclical text copy`: notes/PleromaEncyclical_ActivityPub.txt
.. _`pleroma-encyclical html version`: notes/PleromaEncyclical_ActivityPub.html
* _`[W3C-ActivityPub_Oct-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/activitypub/`
- _`[ActivityPub-2018]`
- _`[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]` https://soykaf.com/post/pleroma-encyclical-activity-pub/
- _`[ActivityStreams_Oct-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-core/
- _`[Schub-Diaspora-NoAPub_2016]` https://schub.io/blog/2018/02/01/activitypub-one-protocol-to-rule-them-all.html
- https://as2.rocks/ (Validator)
`Solid`_ and Tim Berners-Lee
* _`[Inrupt-Oct-2018]`: Inrupt
* _`[solid-Oct-2018]`: Solid
* _`[Tim Berners-Lee-Oct-16-2018]` Open Letter:
* _`[Solid-how_Nov-2018]` https://solid.inrupt.com/how-it-works
GooglePlus Exodus
* _`[Ayres_Oct-2018]`: used with permission.
- "An examination" http://infinitemetaverse.com/news-and-events/ima-news-blog/71-open-simulator-and-social-media
- _`[G+MassMigrateGroup]` https://plus.google.com/communities/112164273001338979772
- _`[G+GriefPost]` https://plus.google.com/106064030310933105180/posts/fofMnV6SxfV
* https://plus.google.com/communities/112164273001338979772
`Pleroma`_
- _`[Pleroma_17-Oct-2018]`
- _`[lain_17-Oct-2018]`
`Plume`_
* _`[PlumeDev]`
- _`[baptise_Oct_2018}`
- `@Bat@social.wxcafe.net`
`WriteFreely`_ , `WriteAs`_
* _`[writefreely-GitHub_Nov-2018]` https://github.com/writeas/writefreely/blob/master/README.md
* _`[writefreely-HelloWorld_Nov-2018]` https://blog.writefreely.org/hello-world
`SocialHome`_
* _`[SocialHome_Oct_2018]` 19th October 2018
* _`[Tilley_FW_Oct-2018]` https://medium.com/we-distribute/funkwhale-an-open-source-grooveshark-alternative-begins-activitypub-implementation-cbc10a412b20
* _`[Gplus-AMA-31-October-2018]`
- https://plus.google.com/communities/112164273001338979772/stream/d925d840-efe8-45f7-b218-1b9cf2a5aa8a
- https://jasonrobinson.me/content/2274394/doing-an-ama-on-socialhome-at-the-googleplus-mi/
`Misskey`_
* _`[miskey_Oct-19-2018]` https://misskey.nl/
`XMPP`_
* _`[Jabber_Oct-2018]` https://www.jabber.org/faq.html#jabber FAQ
* _`[XMPP_Oct-20-2018]`
`Diaspora`_
* _`[D*Website_Oct-2018]`
* _`[WikiPedia-SocMed-Oct-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media
* _`[Gravatar_Oct-2018]` https://en.gravatar.com/support/what-is-gravatar/
`JSON`_ and related `Hcard`_
* _`[Diaspora_WebFinger-Nov-2018]` https://diaspora.github.io/diaspora_federation/discovery/webfinger.html
* _`[MicroFormats-Hcard_Nove-2018]` http://microformats.org/wiki/hCard
* _`[Micro_Hcard-Nov-2018]` http://microformats.org/wiki/h-card
* _`[Packetizer-JRD_Nov-2018]` https://www.packetizer.com/json/jrd/
`GNU`_ `FSF`_
* _`[GNU-Oct-2018]`
- _`[FSF-Intro_Oct-2018]` https://www.fsf.org/about/
- _`[GNU_Oct-21-2018]` https://www.gnu.org/gnu/about-gnu.html
- _`[FSF-List_Oct-21-2018]` https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
- _`[gnuSocial_Oct-2018]` FAQ
`OStatus`_
* _`{Ostatus-mediaGoblin_Nov-2018}` https://wiki.mediagoblin.org/OStatus
* _`[Ostatus-W3C-CG_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/
* _`[Ostatus-W3C-CGwiki_Nov2018]` https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/wiki/Main_Page
`WebFinger`_ RFC 7033
* _`[WikiPedia-WebFinger_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebFinger
* _`[WebFinger-IETF-rfc7033_Nov2018]` https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7033
* _`[WebFinger-Net_Nov2018]` https://webfinger.net
`Finger`_ `Pinky`_ 79
* _`[WikiPedia-Finger_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finger_protocol
* _`[Man-Finger_Nov-2018]` https://www.mankier.com/1/finger
`Matrix`_
* _`[MatrixFAQ_Oct-2018]` https://matrix.org/docs/guides/faq
* _`[MatrixSpec-Oct-2018]` https://matrix.org/docs/spec/#room-structure
* https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/issues/455
`Zot`_ `Osada`_ "Gypsy Camp" `Hubzilla`_ `Zap`_
* _`[ZapHome-Feb2020]` https://zotlabs.org/page/zap/zap
* _`[zotlabs-zot-2020]` https://zotlabs.org/page/zot/specs+zot6+home
* https://project.hubzilla.org/help/en-gb/developer/zot_protocol
* _`[MikeMacGirvin-Osada_Nov-01-2018]` https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/Osada/Home
* _`[Osada-About-Nov-2018]` https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about
* _`[OsadaZot_Nov-2018]` https://osada.app/help/en-gb/developer/zot_protocol#Technical_Introduction
* _`[Hubzill-start_Oct-24-2018]` https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project
* _`[Hubzilla-nomad_Oct-2018]` https://medium.com/@tamanning/nomadic-identity-brought-to-you-by-hubzilla-67eadce13c3b
* _`[fedi-hubzilla-protocols_Nov-2018]` https://fediverse.party/en/hubzilla/
* _`[Zotlabs_February_2020]` https://zotlabs.org/channel/zap?f=&cat=Zap
* _`[Zotw3cCandid_Feb2020]` https://www.w3.org/wiki/Socialwg/Federation/Candidates#Zot
Multifactor Authentication `MFA`_
* _`[WikiPedia-MFA_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-factor_authentication
* _`[MacGirvin-OpenWebAuth-Nov-2018]` https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/OpenWebAuth/Home
`OAuth`_
* _`[OAuth2-IETF-rfc6749_Nov-2018]` https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749
* _`[OAuth-Started_Nov-2018]` https://auth0.com/docs/getting-started
* _`[OAuth-AaronParecki_Nov-2018]` https://aaronparecki.com/oauth-2-simplified/
`Friendica`_
- `Features` https://friendi.ca/about/features/
- `About Friendica`
- `Stats and overview`
- `Friendica Directory`
- `Friendica Nodes`
- `Linux Magazine`
-- ( Oct Nov 2018 )
`Peertube`_
* _`[PeerTube_how_Jan-2019]` https://joinpeertube.org/en/#how-it-works
* _`[PeerTube_what_Jan-2019]` https://framatube.org/videos/watch/217eefeb-883d-45be-b7fc-a788ad8507d3
`PostActive`_
* _`[postActive-home_Oct-2018]` https://postactiv.com/
`IndieWeb`_
With thanks to Sebastian Lasse
* _`[indieweb-org_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/
* _`[IndieWeb-Silo_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/silo
* _`[IndieWeb-Commons-Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/commons
`IndieAuth`_
* _`[IndieAuth-AAParecki_Nov-2018]` https://aaronparecki.com/2018/07/07/7/oauth-for-the-open-web
* _`[IndieAuth-W3_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/indieauth
* _`[IndieAuth-IW_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/IndieAuth
* _`[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]` https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/10/dweb-identity-for-the-decentralized-web-with-indieauth/
`micropub`_ `microformats`_
* _`[W3_micropub_Nov-2018]` - https://www.w3.org/TR/micropub/
* _`[micropub_indieweb_nov-2018]`
* _`[MicroFormat_Nov-2018]` http://microformats.org/wiki/microformats-2
`POSSE`_
* _`[IndieWeb-POSSE_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/POSSE
`WebMention`_
* _`[WebMention-Dev_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/Webmention-developer
* _`[WebMention-Intro_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/Webmention
* _`[webmention-W3C_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/webmention/
* _`[WebMention-W3C-REC_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/REC-webmention-20170112/
* _`[WebMention-Rocks_Nov-2018]` https://webmention.rocks/
`Gopher`_ 70
* _`[RFC1436_Nov-2018]` https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1436
* _`[CatsGopherHWY_Nov-2018]` https://gopher.zone/posts/how-to-gophermap/
`Lockin`_ `Vaporware`_
- _`[Wikipedia-VLockIn_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendor_lock-in
- _`[LinInfo-VLockIN-Nov-2018]` http://www.linfo.org/vendor_lockin.html
- _`[VaporLininfo_Nov-2018]` http://www.linfo.org/vaporware.html
- _`[VaporWiki_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporware
`PixelFed`_
- _`[Fediverse_PixelFed_Instances_Aug-2019]` https://fediverse.network/pixelfed
- _`[GitHub-PixelFed_Nov-2018]` https://github.com/pixelfed/pixelfed
- _`[Fed-Info-PixelFed_Nov-2018]` https://the-federation.info/pixelfed
`Erlang`_
- https://www.erlang.org/
- https://github.com/erlang
- https://learnyousomeerlang.com/
-- (all accessed Nov 2018)
Operating Systems
`BSD`_
- _`[BSD_History-Nov_2018]` https://jameshoward.us/archive/the-bsd-family-tree/
- OpenBSD https://www.openbsd.org/
- _`[openBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]` https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq1.html#WhatIs
- NetBSD https://netbsd.org/
- _`[NetBSD_About-Nov-2018]` https://netbsd.org/about/
- FreeBSD https://www.freebsd.org/
- _`[FreeBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]` https://www.freebsd.org/about.html
Others
* _`[OpenBookFAQ_Nov-2018]` https://www.openbook.social/en/faq
* _`[WikiPedia-Data_23-Oct-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining
* _`[DDG]` https://duckduckgo.com/ (2018)
- _`babel fish`
Pardon ? What ? Who's Mother ?
Da *fisj* jou saz ?
! A Talking Fish ? !
! Commence The Inquisition !
- _`HHGG` HitchHikers Guide to the Galaxy
- _`[ca]` Unless liberally diluted with an -intoxicant- sterilising agent.
- _`[nc]` Not for Cats. Or Digital Watches. Even the Non Sentient Kind.
.. _`[SwSoc-federation-txt_Nov-2018]`: notes/switchingSocial-federation.txt
.. _`[SwSoc-federation-html_Nov-2018]`: notes/switchingSocial-federation.html
* Organisations
- _`[EFA-about_Oct-2018]` https://www.efa.org.au/about/
- _`[EFF-About_Oct-2018]` https://www.eff.org/about
- _`[EDRi-About_Oct-2018]` https://edri.org/about/
- _`[OpenRightsUK_Oct-2018]` https://www.openrightsgroup.org/about/
- _`[DRW-au-Nov-2018]` https://digitalrightswatch.org.au/about/
* _`[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]` http://networkcultures.org/unlikeus/resources/articles/what-is-a-federated-network/
.. EOF and my patience