.. -*- rst -*- reST formatted for your reading pleasure ------------------------ Words in Federated Space ------------------------ A Glossary For The Fediverse ---------------------------- .. highlights:: *G l o s s a r y*:: noun 1: an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field [syn: {glossary}, {gloss}] -- WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) With a little feature creep and no parent document to be appended to. - each entry attempts a graduated definition of its subject. - It tries to be agnostic. - It is intended for the interested user. - Developers may also find it useful. (`side effect`_) -- Yours in pragmatism Pete revised as version |version| |time| |revision| .. image:: images/480px-Fediverse_logo_proposal.png :scale: 30% :alt: A proposed "logo" for the fediverse concept space :align: center By Eukombos [CC0], from Wikimedia Commons 5 nodes in pentagon shape with all diagonals, multicoloured. *Logo created to represent the Fediverse.* `CC0 Licence. 22 June 2018 by Eukombos` -- `[EukombosLogo-22June2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse#/media/File:Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg ........................................................................ Introduction ------------ For an excellent introduction and overview of the Federation Fediverse and Indieweb please see: * The Indieweb * The Federation Info Site * The Fediverse Party * - Software Overview * The Projects * The Protocols * Wikipedia Fediverse Entry About ..... The `Colophon`_ notates when who how and what. The `Glossary Listing`_ is apparently approximately alphabetical and starts just below. If you are browsing the html (web) formatted version: - Each *Entry Heading* links back to **it's** `Glossary Listing`_. - That Listing "#url" is sharable. (in #lowercase) ........................................................................ .. contents:: _`Glossary Listing` :depth: 2 ........................................................................ -------- @ is for -------- @human ------ * synonyms `@name` , `@handle` , `@user` , `@account` , `@logname` * Noun A form that identifies a particular person, named group (or `account`_) *at a local service*. - It is often the local account name for a host or a service. - It is the *User Name* you `login`_ as, for a `session`_ on a network `instance`_. Compare with `@handle@node.domain`_ (or an email address). see also: `@mention`_ , `DM`_ , `User`_ , `Account`_ @handle@node.domain ------------------- * Noun Usefully a local "@name" may be appended with a nodes "@node.handle" to create a human readable Unique Identifier. [ @name@node.handle ] This allows posting, following and other interactions beyond the local service, to many other accounts across the Fediverse. * Notes Communication between users on local nodes do not require the @node.domain suffix. The construct "@yournick@yournode.somedomain" is one of the unique an enabling features of Federated Social Media. This facility brings near universal reach to federated systems, approaching the utility and simplicity of email addressing. see also: `DM`_ , `User`_ , `Account`_ @mention -------- * Synonyms `@ping` , `@message` , `@flag` * Verb To identify an account name (@person) in a message. Often used to *get somebodies attention*. Or simply to be inclusive and acknowledge contribution. see also: `Direct Message`_ ........................................................................ -------- A is for -------- ABI --- * noun Application Binary Interface From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: Application Binary Interface ABI (ABI) The interface by which an {application program} gains access to {operating system} and other services. It should be possible to run the same compiled {binary} applications on any system with the right ABI. Examples are {88open}'s {Binary Compatibility Standard}, the {PowerOpen Environment} and {Windows sockets}. -- (1994-11-08) [foldoc] Example: `NetBSD`_ has ABI (structures) that allow `Linux`_ (elf) binary applications to run on NetBSD systems. This is *not emulation*, the application operates as though it is on a Linux system right down to requiring a separate file structure. ........................................................................ Account ------- Also: _`login name` _`accounts` * Noun - A persons place of operations that interface with a system, `network`_ or `service`_. - Usually the `Operator`_ must be `Authenticated`_ to access their account. In the context of the Fediverse or federated systems a user has account(s) hosted on particular node(s). - An account allows: - `Login`_ Access and Authentication to that `Instance`_. - Use of the Interfaces to the `Services`_ Provided by the Local Network Instance. Enabling *access* to your own data (!) and *access* to the federated social media networks. see also: `User`_ , `Handle`_ , `screenname` ........................................................................ Acronym ------- * Noun From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms (September 2014) [vera]: _`ACRONYM` Abbreviated Coded Rendition Of Name Yielding Meaning (slang) From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: acronym An identifier formed from some of the letters (often the initials) of a phrase and used as an abbreviation. A {`TLA`_} is a {meta}-acronym, i.e. an acronym about acronyms. ... -- (2014-08-14) compare : `Anagram`_ see: `TLA`_ , `CIT`_ , `jargon`_ , `lockin`_ Other listings: `IMHO`_ , `AFAIK`_ , `VM`_ , `LOL`_ , `IRC`_ , `URL`_ , `TLDR`_ , `AI`_ , `ML`_ , `XMPP`_ , `LXC`_ ........................................................................ ActivityPub ----------- also: _`AP` * A `Protocol`_ (formally released 2018) From the ActivityPub info site: ActivityPub is a decentralised social networking protocol based on the `ActivityStreams`_ 2.0 data format. ActivityPub is an official W3C recommended standard published by the W3C Social Web Working Group. It provides a `client`_ to server `API`_ for creating, updating and deleting `content`_, as well as a `federated`_ server to server API for delivering notifications and subscribing to content. -- `[ActivityPub-2018]`_ ActivityPub provides two layers: 1. A server to `server`_ `federation`_ protocol (so *decentralized* websites can share information) 2. A client to server protocol (so users, including real-world users, bots, and other automated processes, can communicate with ActivityPub using their `accounts`_ on servers, from a phone or desktop or web application or whatever) In ActivityPub, a user is represented by "actors" via the user's accounts on servers. User's accounts on different servers correspond to different actors. -- `[W3C-ActivityPub_Oct-2018]`_ ActivityPub Links ................. - `[W3C-ActivityPub_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/TR/activitypub/` - `[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]`_ https://soykaf.com/post/pleroma-encyclical-activity-pub/ (TLS errors Oct 2018) - `pleroma-encyclical html version`_ (Made November 2018) - `pleroma-encyclical text copy`_ (Made October 2018) - `Wikipedia Entry`: - GitHub projects https://github.com/topics/activitypub (November 2018) see: `OStatus`_ `Zot`_ `Authorisation`_ ........................................................................ ActivityStreams --------------- * Noun A data format standard for exchanging information between distributed nodes. `ActivityPub`_ is built with this specification as the recommended (data) exchange format. Activity Streams 2.0 .................... Was formally released as a W3C Recommendation on 23 May 2017 The specification details a model for representing potential and completed activities using the `JSON`_ format. It is intended to be used with vocabularies that **detail the structure of activities,** **and define specific types of activities.** -- https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-core/ Example : .. code:: {"@context": "https://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams", "type": "Person", "id": "https://social.example/alyssa/", "name": "Alyssa P. Hacker", "preferredUsername": "alyssa", "summary": "Lisp enthusiast hailing from MIT", "inbox": "https://social.example/alyssa/inbox/", "outbox": "https://social.example/alyssa/outbox/", "followers": "https://social.example/alyssa/followers/", "following": "https://social.example/alyssa/following/", "liked": "https://social.example/alyssa/liked/" } -- `[ActivityStreams_Oct-2018]`_ ........................................................................ Anagram ------- * Noun A word made by rearranging another word. From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Anagram \An"a*gram\ ([a^]n"[.a]*gr[a^]m), n. [F. anagramme, LL. anagramma, fr. Gr. 'ana` back, again + gra`fein to write. See {Graphic}.] Literally, the letters of a word read backwards, but in its usual wider sense, the change of one word or phrase into another by the transposition of its letters. Thus Galenus becomes angelus; William Noy (attorney-general to Charles I., and a laborious man) may be turned into I moyl in law. [1913 Webster] From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Anagram \An"a*gram\, v. t. To anagrammatize. [1913 Webster] Some of these anagramed his name, Benlowes, into Benevolus. --Warburton. [1913 Webster] Anagrammatic From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: anagram n 1: a word or phrase spelled by rearranging the letters of another word or phrase v 1: read letters out of order to discover a hidden meaning [syn: {anagram}, {anagrammatize}, {anagrammatise}] A message from Anna see: `Acronym`_ , `Jargon`_ ........................................................................ Application ----------- plural: _`Applications` also: _`Apps`, _`App` * Noun A Computer Program normally targeted at end users rather than Systems Operations.. Often built for *specific environments* such as Web Browser Extensions. Tablets , Smart Phones etc. Most often these programs are also designed to work exclusively with particular networks and end sources, creating "Silos of Convenience". From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: app /ap/, n. Short for ?application program?, as opposed to a systems program. Apps are what systems vendors are forever chasing developers to create for their environments so they can sell more boxes. Hackers tend not to think of the things they themselves run as apps; thus, in hacker parlance the term excludes compilers, program editors, games, and messaging systems, though a user would consider all those to be apps. (Broadly, an app is often a self-contained environment for performing some well-defined task such as ?word processing?; hackers tend to prefer more general-purpose tools.) See {killer app}; oppose {tool}, {operating system}. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: _`application program` app application software applications software (Or "application", "app") A complete, self-contained program that performs a specific function directly for the user. This is in contrast to {system software} such as the {operating system} {kernel}, {server} processes, {libraries} which exists to support application programs and {utility programs}. Editors for various kinds of documents, {spreadsheets}, and text formatters are common examples of applications. Network applications include clients such as those for {FTP}, {electronic mail}, {telnet} and {WWW}. *The term is used fairly loosely*, for instance, some might say that a client and server together form a distributed application, others might argue that editors and compilers were not applications but {utility programs} for building applications. One distinction between an application program and the operating system is that applications always run in {user mode} (or "non-privileged mode"), while operating systems and related utilities may run in {supervisor mode} (or "privileged mode"). The term may also be used to distinguish programs which communicate via a {graphical user interface} from those which are executed from the {command line}. (2007-02-02) Aspect ------ * also: _`Diaspora Aspects` , _`aspect` , _`Aspects` * Noun Examples of `Diaspora`_ Aspects are: Family, Work, Interests, Organisations. Diaspora* Aspects are a method of forming *Sets of Contacts* : - From *your* list of `Contacts`_ - Possibly naming those Sets for an "Aspect" of your life. When you `Post`_ to an "Aspect": - The message is sent (only) to that Aspects Set of Members. - Those people may also see who else received the post. "You can make People be visible to each other inside your aspect." Aspects are not "Groups" you can Moderate or have others Sign Up to. They are more like `Mailing Lists` *you* form from your Address Book. `more at`: https://wiki.diasporafoundation.org/FAQ_for_users#Aspects see: `Diaspora`_ ........................................................................ Atom ---- * Noun Protocol Describes the state of a web site for other web resources to subscribe to. TODO TODO TODO ........................................................................ Authenticate ------------ also: _`Authentication` _`Authenticated` _`Authentic` * verb - To establish the truth of an Identity - To Check Some Credentials. - To validate the accuracy and provenance of an identity or content. - To ascertain that the "objects" are true as claimed and of good faith. ( Bono Fide ) From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Authenticate \Au*then"ti*cate\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Authenticated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Authenticating} (?).] [Cf.LL. authenticare.] 1. To render authentic; to give authority to, by the proof, attestation, or formalities required by law, or sufficient to entitle to credit. [1913 Webster] The king serves only as a notary to authenticate the choice of judges. --Burke. [1913 Webster] 2. **To prove authentic; to determine as real and true**; as, to authenticate a portrait. --Walpole. [1913 Webster] -- The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: **authentic** *adjective* 1: conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief; "an authentic account by an eyewitness"; "reliable information" [syn: {authentic}, {reliable}] 2: not counterfeit or copied; "an authentic signature"; "a bona fide manuscript"; "an unquestionable antique"; "photographs taken in a veritable bull ring" [syn: {authentic}, {bona fide}, {unquestionable}, {veritable}] -- From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) see: `OpenWebAuth`_ `OAuth`_ `Diaspora Protocol`_ `Zot`_ `Ostatus`_ `ActivityPub`_ `Password`_ `IndieAuth`_ ........................................................................ Authorisation ------------- also: _`Authorization` Processes and people generally need various levels of authorisation to operate. You give Authorisation for others to see your Avatar or Bio details when you configure your Social Networking Interfaces. You may also give qualified authority to services run on your behalf ( your agent) You may require various stages of `Authentication`_ to allow access to your messages. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: authorisation 1: a document giving an official instruction or command [syn: {mandate}, {authorization}, {authorisation}] 2: the power or right to give orders or make decisions; "he has the authority to issue warrants"; "deputies are given authorization to make arrests"; "a place of potency in the state" [syn: {authority}, {authorization}, {authorisation}, {potency}, {dominance}, {say-so}] 3: official permission or approval; "authority for the program was renewed several times" [syn: {authority}, {authorization}, {authorisation}, {sanction}] 4: the act of conferring legality or sanction or formal warrant [syn: {authorization}, {authorisation}, {empowerment}] authorise 1: give or delegate power or authority to; "She authorized her assistant to sign the papers" [syn: {empower}, {authorise}, {authorize}] 2: grant authorization or clearance for; "Clear the manuscript for publication"; "The rock star never authorized this slanderous biography" [syn: {authorize}, {authorise}, {pass}, {clear}] -- From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) see: `Authentication`_ `OpenWebAuth`_ `nomadic`_ ........................................................................ Avatar ------ * Noun A visual `icon`_ or `handle`_ that helps to quickly identify a particular user. " An "avatar" is an image that represents you online a little picture that appears next to your name when you interact with websites. " -- `[Gravatar_Oct-2018]`_ https://en.gravatar.com/support/what-is-gravatar/ * Attributes: + Usually a small image file to lighten storage requirements and bandwidth / transfer costs. + May also be "simple" ascii art + Sometimes auto-generated as a service. + Too often the default is used `:(`_ see: `Account`_ , `Gravatar`_ ........................................................................ AI -- * Noun Acronym Artificial Intelligence see: `ML`_ ........................................................................ API --- * Noun Acronym Application Program Interface Essentially a set of defined rules in source code that allow coders to Interface with or utilise a set of code. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: Application Program Interface API Application Programming Interface Applications Programming Interface (API, or "application programming interface") The interface (calling conventions) by which an {application program} accesses {operating system} and other services. An API is defined at {source code} level and provides a level of {abstraction} between the application and the {kernel} (or other privileged utilities) to ensure the {portability} of the code. An API can also provide an interface between a {high level language} and lower level utilities and services which were written without consideration for the {calling conventions} supported by compiled languages. In this case, the API's main task may be the translation of parameter lists from one format to another and the interpretation of {call-by-value} and {call-by-reference} arguments in one or both directions. (1995-02-15) See also: `UI`_ , `TLA`_ , `Jargon`_ ........................................................................ AMA --- * Noun Acronym **Ask Me Anything** Australian Medical Association see also: `Acronym`_ ........................................................................ AFAIK ----- * Acronym Phrase As Far As I know see: `LOL`_ `YMMV`_ `IANAL`_ `TLDR`_ `IMO`_ , `Acronym`_ ........................................................................ -------- B is for -------- Backend ------- * noun A Backend is a `Service`_, `application`_ or more often an entire named `suite` of software, that is hosted on the `server`_ side of connections. It may be an Social Media Service you connect to or deeper level services that the Instance itself works with. The `Client`_ software connects to the Backend, and usually, an end user has little awareness of its operations. This is the software that a `Frontend`_ works with. see also: `Jargon`_ `Service`_ ........................................................................ Bio --- * Noun abbreviation Biography A short version of a biography intended for wide public consumption. May use community specific short-forms, jargon or conventions. ........................................................................ Birdsite -------- Synonym for `Twitter`_ |(TM)| Onomatopoeic for some accents. see: `GNU Social`_ , `Silo`_ , `Platform List`_ ......................................................................... Block ----- * verb syn: silence drop ban ignore dump devnull Not usually the same as Unsubscribe but the intent is similar. To avoid seeing another accounts status updates or feed. see: `Filter`_ ........................................................................ Blog ---- also : _`weblog` , _`diary`, _`blogging` * noun - A Journal or Diary. - Usually a hand written log kept by a person on the `Web`. - A weBlog. * verb - To write an entry in your web log. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: blog n 1: a shared on-line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies; "postings on a blog are usually in chronological order" [syn: {web log}, {blog}] v 1: read, write, or edit a shared on-line journal From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: blog noun [common] Short for weblog, an on-line web-zine or diary (usually with facilities for reader comments and discussion threads) made accessible through the World Wide Web. This term is widespread and readily forms derivatives, of which the best known may be {blogosphere}. As of late 2018 A reasonable graded discrimination may be made between Blogs Macroblog and Microblogging. These categories are *not exclusive*. A platform may be primarily designed for a microblogging and include attached media (even visible in line). Macroblogging sites are able to "inline" microblog conversations. The fediverse is quite flexible about all sort of definitions. see blogs: `writefreely`_ , `Plume`_ , `wordpress`_ , blogger.com see macroblogs: `Friendica`_ , `Socialhome`_ `Hubzilla`_ , `Osada`_ compare: `microblog`_ , `Birdsite`_ , `Pleroma`_ , `Mastodon`_, `GNU Social`_ ......................................................................... Blogger ------- * Noun - A person who publishes a web `log`_. - One who reliably keeps a `Blog`_ - Somebody who undertakes a notable amount of `blogging`_. see: `blog`_ , `MacroBlogging`_ , `MicroBlogging`_ , `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Bot --- * also: _`robot`, _`bots` * Noun Software that produces posts on social media with little or no human attention. It is considered polite to identify 'bots' with a handle or identifier, that is *visible* per post. #nobot seems to be used in roughly the same way as "No Junk Mail" From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: bot (From "{robot}") Any type of autonomous {software} that operates as an {agent} for a user or a {program} or simulates a human activity. On the {Internet}, the most popular bots are programs (called {spiders} or crawlers) used for searching. They access {web sites}, retrieve documents and follow all the {hypertext links} in them; then they generate catalogs that are accessed by {search engines}. A {chatbot} converses with humans (or other bots). A {shopbot} searches the Web to find the best price for a product. Other bots (such as {OpenSesame}) observe a user's patterns in navigating a website and customises the site for that user. {Knowbots} collect specific information from {websites}. (1999-05-20) From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: bot 1. An {IRC} or {MUD} user who is actually a program. On `IRC`_, typically the robot provides some useful service. Examples are `NickServ`, which tries to prevent random users from adopting {nick}s already claimed by others, and MsgServ, which allows one to send asynchronous messages to be delivered when the recipient signs on. ... Note that bots in all senses were ?robots? when the terms first appeared in the early 1990s, but *the shortened form is now habitual*. see: `AI`_ , `chat`_ ........................................................................ BSD --- * Noun Acronym *Berkeley Software Distribution* From: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: (with some edits) Berkeley Software Distribution .............................. Berkeley Unix BSD BSD Unix (BSD) A family of {Unix} versions developed by {Bill Joy} and others at the {University of California at Berkeley}, originally for the {DEC} {VAX} and {PDP-11} computers, and subsequently ported to almost all modern general-purpose computers. BSD Unix incorporates {paged} {virtual memory}, {TCP/IP} networking enhancements and many other features. BSD UNIX 4.0 was released on 1980-10-19. The BSD versions (4.1, 4.2, and 4.3) and the commercial versions derived from them ({SunOS}, {ULTRIX}, {Mt. Xinu}, {Dynix}) held the technical lead in the Unix world until {AT&T}'s successful standardisation efforts after about 1986, and are still widely popular. -- (2005-01-20) There have been a number of operating systems built around a common set of similar concepts : simplicity flexiblity and security. Most notably `FreeBSD`_ , `NetBSD`_ , and `OpenBSD`_ . -- `[BSD_History-Nov_2018]`_ see: `OS`_, `GNU`_ , `NetBSD`_ , `OpenBSD`_ , `FreeBSD`_ , `NIXen`_ `Linux`_ , ........................................................................ -------- C is for -------- Camel Case ---------- also: _`CamelCase` , _`lowerCaseCamel` * Verb To write something in Camel Case : - compresses the form of the statement - eases processing by removing white (empty) spaces - may assist in creating a Unique Identifier - may aid readability in some contexts There are two main forms which are expressed as follows : A. Upper Case Camel B. Convert All To Title Case C. RemoveAllWhiteSpace A. Lower Case Camel B. lower Case First Letter C. removeAllWhiteSpace Widely Used : - Within source code to `name identifiers` (functions constants variables) *cleanly*. - Where clear space may be problematic or error prone. - In 'personalHandles' , 'NetworkNames' and other `identifiers`. - As one component of uniqifying `URL`_ Strings. From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: (edited) camelCase A variable in a programming language is said to be _`camelCased` when all words but the first are capitalised. This practice contrasts with the C tradition of either running syllables together or marking syllable breaks with underscores; thus, where a C programmer would write thisverylongname or this_very_long_name, the camelCased version would be thisVeryLongName. ... Compare {BiCapitalization}; ... *camelCasing is not aimed at impressing anybody*, and hackers consider it respectable. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: ( Wherein here we blame `the container for the content` and `the car for the driver` ) (edits) CamelCase The practice of concatenating words with either all words capitalised (e.g. "ICantReadThis" - sometimes called " _`UpperCamelCase` " or _`PascalCase`) or all except the first "iCantReadThis" - called " _`lowerCamelCase` ". It is *used in contexts where space characters are not allowed*, such as identifiers in {source code}. Modern best practice separates words in identifiers with {underscore} for readability (like_this_example). CamelCase is probably a historical throw-back to systems that had no underscore or when the length of identifiers was constrained either by the programming language or by the width of computer displays. Unfortunately it has infected many projects, organisations and programming languages such as {Java} where the uninitiated create identifiers like "MemberSubmissionAddressingWSDLParserExtension". -- (2014-12-02) ........................................................................ Chat ---- * Verb The act of having a conversation, on line. Contemporary federated social networking may _almost_ be chat itself. Many networks include dedicated chat services. `IRC`_ or `XMPP`_. * Noun "Chat" May refer to a number of protocols that enable realtime (duplex) interactive chat. Notably `IRC`_ , `XMPP`_ and `Matrix`_ `[01]`_. - If users are using a chat server they should expect to engage in near real time many-way interaction. - Normally text based. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: chat Any system that allows any number of logged-in users to have a typed, real-time, on-line conversation via a {network}. The medium of {chat} is descended from {talk}, but the terms (and the media) have been distinct since at least the early 1990s. {talk} is prototypically for a small number of people, generally with no provision for {channels}. In {chat} systems, however, there are many {channels} in which any number of people can talk; and users may send private (one-to-one) messages. Some early chat systems (in use 1998) include {`IRC`_}, {_`ICQ`} and {Palace}. More recent alternatives include {MSN Messenger} and {Google Talk}. Chat systems have given rise to a distinctive style combining the immediacy of talking with all the precision (and verbosity) that written language entails. It is difficult to communicate inflection, though conventions have arisen to help with this. The conventions of chat systems include special items of `jargon`_, generally abbreviations meant to save typing, which are not used orally. E.g. {BCNU}, {BBL}, {BTW}, {CUL}, {FWIW}, {FYA}, {FYI}, {IMHO}, {OT}, {OTT}, {TNX}, {WRT}, {WTF}, {WTH}, {}, {}, {BBL}, {HHOK}, {NHOH}, {ROTFL}, {AFK}, {b4}, {TTFN}, {TTYL}, {OIC}, {re}. Much of the chat style is identical to (and probably derived from) {Morse code} jargon used by ham-radio amateurs since the 1920s, and there is, not surprisingly, some overlap with {TDD} jargon. Most of the jargon was in use in {talk} systems. Many of these expressions are also common in {Usenet} {news} and {electronic mail} and some have seeped into popular culture, as with {emoticons}. _`[01]` No not the movie Matrix see: `XMPP`_ , `IRC`_ `Channel`_ `Out Of Band`_ , `Jargon`_ , `Acronym`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Channel ------- also: _`Channels` * Noun There are many uses of the Concept of Channel in communications. Here the listing is from a human user on a Fediverse instance's point of view. You probably only want the first two sections. Human to Human Channels ....................... a. Users Channel A `List`_ of users (with some common interest in a Subject) who may `Message`_ all of each other. This may not be in real time. b. `IRC`_ Channel A `#subject` channel an IRC user connects to to enter into a group discussion. This is most often in Real Time. Though messages and alerts may be left. Both of the above may be loosely considered a `Chat`_ `Room`_. Software Channels For Humans ............................ This is a passive tuning into or subscribing to "broadcast" channel. - The user normally does not interact with the information. - The connection may be a Stream a. Atom / RSS subscriptions to a subject set from a web site or blogs. b. Audio Channels on Jamendo or Funkwhale c. Podcast series etc. Socket like Channels ..................... For most users this level of Channel is rarely or never seen. It is software talking to software. Hopefully once set up it all happens auto-magically and you never have to investigate it. The idea is that a dedicated connection channel is established between two networked entities. Data packets are sent (streamed) directly between these actors. Rather than the usual "Let us know how that worked out, when you have a tick" packet by packet approach of the TCP/IP (Internet). Your web browser or Social media "App" takes care of this for you. Enabling technologies include (ephemeral) WebSockets, but also traditional ports, (extended addresses) per host BSD style sockets, and of course all still powered by TCP/IP connections. It is not "Out Of Bounds" to consider any *established* connection a channel. Even if only two agents are communicating. From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: channel noun [ `IRC`_ ] The basic unit of discussion on {IRC}. Once one joins a channel, everything one types is read by others on that channel. Channels are named with strings that begin with a # sign and can have topic descriptions (which are generally irrelevant to the actual subject of discussion). At times of international crisis, #report has hundreds of members, some of whom take turns listening to various news services and typing in summaries of the news, or in some cases, giving first-hand accounts of the action (e.g., Scud missile attacks in Tel Aviv during the Gulf War in 1991). -- Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: channel `chatroom`_ `room`_ (Or "chat room", "room", depending on the system in question) The basic unit of group discussion in {chat} systems like {`IRC`_}. Once one joins a channel, everything one types is read by others on that channel. Channels can either be named with numbers or with strings that begin with a "#" sign and can have topic descriptions (which are generally irrelevant to the actual subject of discussion). -- Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) ........................................................................ Circles ------- * Noun - a grouping of friends - a set of followed accounts * verb `Circle` or Circles To place a boundary around a qualified group of some kind. "She Circles the members of the arts group who like Plato and Picasso." see: `Group`_ `Channels`_ { `Hubzilla`_ , `Osada`_ } ........................................................................ CIT --- also _`IT` * noun, Acronym Computing (and) Information Technology see: `Acronym`_ , `TLA`_ Client ------ * Noun - Normally the `Operators`_ side of a `Server`_ Connection. - A Client communicates to a Service on a Users behalf. - The Client is the Software asking for a `Service`_ from a Server. A Client might ask for an Icon for a users `Avatar`_ or A journal page from a Web Server. There need not be any active human intervention. Most client to server connections are actually made transparently with no intervention at all. The definition needs to be made per Service `Instance`_ as some Services can be both clients and servers. Mail Transfer Agents (MTA) are both. Web Servers _often_ act as clients while being proxies for other software. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: client A computer system or process that requests a service of another computer system or process (a "{server}") using some kind of {protocol} and accepts the server's responses. A client is part of a {client-server} software architecture. For example, a {workstation} requesting the contents of a file from a {file server} is a client of the file server. -- (1997-10-27) ........................................................................ Clone ----- also: _`clones` * Noun Simply a duplicate. A copy. * Verb To make a duplicate of some set of information or other data. e.g. "I make clones of my account to host on other Hubzilla servers." " I may clone my Pleroma contacts list for import into mastodon and pleroma Instances." see: `Hubzilla`_ `Osada`_ `Pleroma`_ ........................................................................ Commons ------- * Noun - A place where something is held for the **Common Good**. - The interface that allows access to information held in common. Wikipedia is a Commons. In that it holds knowledge in common. Much of the Internet Archive may also be described as a commons. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: commons 1: a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area; "they went for a walk in the park" [syn: {park}, {commons}, {common}, {green}] 2: a pasture subject to common use [syn: {commons}, {common land}] 3: a class composed of persons lacking clerical or noble rank [syn: {commonalty}, {commonality}, {commons}] 4: the common people [syn: {third estate}, {Commons}] -- WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) Networked Commons ................. A commons is a centralized web content hosting site, where users are able to freely contribute, and retrieve their own or others' content at will. from : https://indieweb.org/commons (with edits ) Commons usually exhibit these characteristics: - run by non-profits or informal communities. - allow using external web-based identity for `sign-in`_ (e.g. `OpenID`_, web sign-in/`IndieAuth`_) - allow posting of some kind of `content`_ (text, images, etc.) - may require contributions be licensed with a standard open content license (CC0, CC-BY, MIT, GPL, Public Domain) - enabling (or no explicit) terms of service (`TOS`_) - little or no claim of ownership of any content contributed - little or no restriction on import/export of contributed content or data about such content (e.g. comments, tags) Compare: `silos`_ -- `[IndieWeb-Commons-Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/commons see: `FSF`_ `IndieWeb`_ `Lockin`_ ........................................................................ Community --------- * Noun - A group with identified attributes that collaborate, often for their collective good. - Individuals are usually members of many communities. Community is a central concept for all Social Media. see: `Network`_ Community at the UI ................... (User Interface) A Community may be a selection of account feeds filtered through a sieve. Concepts at `Friendica`_ seem portable enough to use here: - Global Community : Every Account your host can see. Much the same as `The Whole Known Network`_ - Local Community : Messages from `Accounts`_ hosted locally on your Server. - Friends : A selection of Accounts or other groupings you have "`Followed`_". These may be further organised , into `Groups`_ , `Lists`_ or `Aspects`_. From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Community \Com*mu"ni*ty\, n.; pl. {Communities}. [L. communitas: cf. OF. communit['e]. Cf. {Commonalty}, and see {Common}.] 1. Common possession or enjoyment; participation; as, a community of goods. [1913 Webster] The original community of all things. --Locke. [1913 Webster] An unreserved community of thought and feeling. --W. Irving. [1913 Webster] 2. A body of people having common rights, privileges, or interests, or living in the same place under the same laws and regulations; as, a community of monks. Hence a number of animals living in a common home or with some apparent association of interests. [1913 Webster] Creatures that in communities exist. -- Wordsworth. [1913 Webster] 3. Society at large; a commonwealth or state; a body politic; the public, or people in general. [1913 Webster] Burdens upon the poorer classes of the community. -- Hallam. [1913 Webster] Note: In this sense, the term should be used with the definite article; as, the interests of the community. -- [1913 Webster] 4. Common character; likeness. [R.] [1913 Webster] The essential community of nature between organic growth and inorganic growth. -- H. Spencer. [1913 Webster] -- The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Contact ------- * Noun A person on your list of other people you message in the Fediverse. see: `Contacts`_ * Verb - Get in touch - communicative interaction "the pilot made contact with the base" "he got in touch with his colleagues" -- [Wordnet Browser] Contacts -------- * Noun The list of entities (people) @names@placesin.Fediverse that you have saved for reference. This is not unlike an Email Clients Address book. Depending on the Hosting System , and its Administration, A `Contact`_ in your collection of *Contacts* may often be configured to be: - publicly viewable - or private Or simply set collectively to one state. Further they may be organised into `Lists`_ or `Aspects`_ . ........................................................................ Content ------- * Noun The *information* of `Information Technology`_. The ever elusive point to all of this :) It may be: text , sound , video , the code to an algorithm .... A story, a gripe, seduction , or stamp collecting, plain old showing off. Essentially human communication. Anything that can reveal manipulate create or store information. Anything that can transmit knowledge or some facsimile of such a device. ( a PNG file of a Photograph of a Petroglyph ... A Video with sound of the same. ) Anything that is a tool in those endeavours be that Software Hardware or the systems that support those. * *Rarely* in *this context* used to imply or contribute to the following: From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Content \Con*tent"\, n. 1. Rest or quietness of the mind in one's present condition; freedom from discontent; satisfaction; contentment; moderate happiness. "Such is the fullness of my heart's content." --Shakespeare. << yeah, Not normally that. consider: `Data`_ Conversation ------------ also: Conversations * Noun - A dialog. - `Chat`_ and interaction between Users are often labelled Conversations. Selection of a Conversations "button" will take you to a listing of your recent conversations. - A Friends `Feed`_. CW -- * Noun Acronym *Content Warning* On Social Media, particularly microblogging platforms *CW* is used as a `flag`_ or `signal`_ to other users (and software filters) to warn the recipient of possibly inappropriate content. In many cases the users `interface`_ will hide the flagged `content`_ unless specifically selected. * Verb I would assume content might be "CWed". (Language being a living thing.) _`Continuous Wave`, _`Carrier Wave` From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: *CW* (CW) A term from early {radio} history for a {transmitter} using an {electron tube} (valve) {oscillator} to constantly add energy to a {tuned circuit} connected to an {antenna}. The term is used in contrast with the use of a {spark gap} to initiate a damped {sinusoidal wave} in a tuned circuit consisting of an {inductor} and {capacitor}. The energy in this circuit constantly changes between the capacitor's {electrostatic field} and the inductor's {magnetic field}. The energy is then coupled to the radiating antenna, loosely (so as not to dampen the wave too quickly). Some radio amateurs understand "CW" to mean transmission by means a single frequency signal which is either on or off (e.g. {Morse code}), as opposed to a carrier which varies continuously in amplitude, frequency or phase. Some would even call the former "unmodulated" even though turning on and off is actually the most extreme form of amplitude modulation. (2009-11-24) ........................................................................ -------- D is for -------- DDG --- * Noun Acronym Duck Duck Go An excellent Search Engine. see: `[DDG]`_ https://duckduckgo.com/ ...... Data ---- Also: _`data`, _`raw data` * Noun From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: ... Numbers, characters, images, or other method of recording, in a form which can be assessed by a human or (especially) input into a computer, stored and processed there, or `transmitted` on some digital channel. ... Data on its own has no meaning , only when interpreted by some kind of data processing system does it take on meaning and become `information`_ . For example, the binary data 01110101 might represent the integer 117 or the ASCII lower case U character or the blue component of a pixel in some video. Which of these it represents is determined by the way it is processed (added, printed, displayed, etc.). Even these numbers, characters or pixels however are still not really information until their *context* is known... (2007-09-10) Data Stream ----------- Also: _`Data Streams`, _`Stream` , _`Streaming` From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: stream 1. An {abstraction} referring to any *flow* of data from a source (or sender, producer) to a *single* sink (or receiver, consumer)*. A stream usually flows through a channel of some kind, as opposed to packets which may be addressed and routed independently, possibly to multiple recipients. Streams usually require some mechanism for establishing a channel or a "connection" between the sender and receiver. * Noun A reference to an instance of a stream * Verb The act of streaming data. e.g. "NASA will `Stream` Video from the ISS from 08:00 UTC" Data Mining ----------- * Verb From Wikipedia Data mining is the process of discovering patterns in large data sets involving methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems. Data mining is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science with an overall goal to extract information (with intelligent methods) from a data set and transform the information into a comprehensible structure for further use. -- `[WikiPedia-Data_23-Oct-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining Like any other powerful tool it may be subject to abuse. * It is a "cultural marker" of the Fediverse that use of excessive or exploitative Data Mining Techniques is vigorously resisted. DFRN ---- * Noun Acronym Protocol Distributed Friends and Relations Network A distributed authorisation protocol developed by Mike Macgirvin Still used by `Friendica`_. see: `Platform List`_ Diaspora -------- Also: _`D*`, _`Diaspora Pods` , _`Diaspora* Pods` * Noun Diaspora `nodes`_ are referred to as `pods`_. The name refers to dispersion, even invoking an Exodus away from Centralised `silo` style networks. `[dd]`_ From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: * the *dispersion or spreading* of something that was originally localised (as a people or language or culture) From The Diaspora Foundation `[D*Website_Oct-2018]`_ diaspora*: .......... is based on three key philosophies: * Decentralisation _`[dd]` Instead of everyone's data being held on huge central servers *owned by a large organization*, diaspora* exists on independently run servers ("pods") all over the world. You choose which pod to register with, and you can then connect seamlessly with the diaspora* community worldwide. * Freedom You can be whoever you want to be in diaspora*. Unlike some networks, you don't have to use your real identity. You can interact with people in whatever way you choose. The only limit is your imagination. diaspora* is also `Free Software`_ , giving you liberty over how you use it. * Privacy In diaspora* you own your data. You don't sign over rights to a corporation or other interest who could use it. In addition, you choose who sees what you share, using `Aspects`_. With diaspora*, your friends, your habits, and your content is your business ... not ours! D* Links ........ * `The Federation` * `Diaspora Foundation` * `Users FAQ` see also: `Aspect`_ `Node`_ `Pod`_ `Federation`_ `Platform List`_ Diaspora Protocol ----------------- * `Protocol`_ , Noun `diaspora* federation protocol` Used by Diaspora and The Friendica project. (at least) Digital Rights -------------- Loosely: * Human Rights on the Internet * Property Rights on the Internet Wider: * Amelioration of power imbalance and exploitation in digital environments. "Privacy, Democracy, Fairness & Freedom in a digital age. Digital rights are human rights which see their expression online." -- `[DRW-au-Nov-2018]`_ See: `EFF`_ , `EFA`_ , `EDRi`_ , `ORG`_ , `FSF`_ Direct Message -------------- _`DM` * Noun A message sent _directly to a users account. May be a single recipient or many users in a _list or _group. * Verb To @message a person or group. * example usage *@sweetvince@vinarts.net will DM* **@gimpphotos@groups.podzrus.town** *tomorrow morning your time* * Synonym DM or even `message`_ * Notes Often Shortened to 'DM' . ........................................................................ Discover -------- * verb Search Seek Find Explore Distributed ----------- Also: _`Distributed Computing` * Verb, Adjective Computational, Storage and Networking tasks are all distributed across many _`hosts`. This is not simple baton passing (relaying messages) alone but that plus storage of information and computation work being done. Possibly, on many nodes, on many networks, across the Internet. Cloud Computing is an example of distributed computing and there are many, arguably more powerful approaches and concepts. Distributed Computing is what networked hosts were born to do. The concept predates computers with Central Processing Units. (as we currently know them) While examples from the Napoleonic era leap to mind , `[2m]`_ I am sure there would be earlier instances. (Using visual signalling towers to relay messages along routes to end users.. naval Signalling) World War Two was possibly the widest pre Integrated CPU era example (human computers connected by duplex telephony and simplex teletype (like) machines) Or possibly some business networks in the 1920's and 30's. (which influenced the hardware and systems design of Military uses) _`[2m]` I _could_ research this I guess :) * Similar Diversified, `Federated` , `Fediversed` , `Cluster` see: `Federation`_ , `Fediverse`_ Erlang MPI DNS --- * Noun The Domain Name System The system that matches a human readable Name to an Internet Address. simple examples - google-public-dns-a.google.com. is mapped to 8.8.8.8 - youtube.com.au has address 172.217.25.142 From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms (September 2014) [vera]: DNS Domain Name System (Internet, RFC 1034/1035, DNS) From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: DNS 1. {Domain Name System}. 2. Distributed Name Service. See {DECdns}. ........................................................................ -------- E is for -------- Earth ----- * Noun - Third Rock from the Sun - one of four elements composing the universe -- Empedocles - The planet where every cat whom has ever existed:: existed: nine times. * synonyms: Gaea, Ge, Terra, Tellus, Erde The Whole World, The Globe, Mother Earth * verb To electrically ground a circuit or device. Notable Features ................. More or less blue and white Active Magnetosphere Diverse Water-Centric Biosphere Home to Cats, Mice and their Companion Animals Point of Origin for all known selfies. Point of Origin for all known technology (( as of |publish time| : |date| |time| )) May have civilisation. Excellent Water Based Sports `[nc]`_ Earth Exports ............. FFFpc - Facile Febrile Fundamentalism ( possibly contagious ) AntiFFFpc - Coffee Chocolate Cannabis Towels ( with remarkably little irony ) Potable Alcohol Jazz - The Nova Bossa Soundtrack to the Galaxy Warnings ........ See All of the above Do not drink anything called "C o o l Aide" `[ca]`_ Otherwise : **Mostly Harmless** see: `babel fish`_ |(TM)| `HHGG`_ |(TM)| perspective , proportionality ........................................................................ EFA --- * Noun Acronym Electronic Frontiers Australia (Inc.) ..................................... EFA is a non-profit national organisation that has been promoting and protecting digital rights (civil liberties) in Australia since it was established in January 1994. EFA is completely independent from the USA's Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF). EFA is focused on issues directly affecting Australians, while EFF has an American and also a broad international focus. The Objects and Purposes ........................ #. To protect and promote the civil liberties of users of computer based communications systems and of those affected by their use. #. To advocate the amendment of laws and regulations in Australia and elsewhere which restrict free speech and unfettered access to information. #. To educate the community at large about the social, political, and civil liberties issues involved in the use of computer based communications systems. #. To support, encourage and advise on the development and use of computer based communication systems, and related innovations. #. To research and advise on the application of the law (both current and proposed) to computer based communication systems and related technologies. -- `[EFA-about_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.efa.org.au/about/ see: `Digital Rights`_ ref also: `[DRW-au-Nov-2018]`_ https://digitalrightswatch.org.au/about/ EDRi ---- * Noun European Digital Rights ....................... Is an *association* of civil and human rights organisations from across Europe. Whenever citizens' rights and freedoms in the online environment are endangered by the actions of political bodies or private organisations, EDRi ensure that they are respected. EDRi's key priorities for the next years are privacy, surveillance, net neutrality and copyright reform. -- `[EDRi-About_Oct-2018]`_ https://edri.org/about/ see: `Digital Rights`_ ........................................................................ EFF --- * Noun Acronym The Electronic Frontier Foundation .................................. Based in the USA the EFF is the leading nonprofit organization defending civil liberties in the digital world. Founded in 1990, EFF champions user privacy, free expression, and innovation through impact litigation, policy analysis, grassroots activism, and technology development. The EFF works to ensure that rights and freedoms are enhanced and protected as our use of technology grows. The EFF also provides some tools and guidelines to assist users of Information Technology. https://www.eff.org/pages/tools -- `[EFF-About_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.eff.org/about see: `Digital Rights`_ Emoticon -------- _`emoticon` , _`:)`, _`:(`, _`\o/` * Noun Originally an ASCII character symbol (glyph) composed to short hand an emotive intent in a piece of text. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: emoticon n 1: a representation of a facial expression (as a smile or frown) created by typing a sequence of characters in sending email; ":-( and :-) are emoticons" From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: emoticon, _`:-)`, _`smiley`, _`smilies` /ee-moh'ti-kon/ (Or "smiley") An {ASCII} {glyph} used to indicate an emotional state in text-only {electronic messaging} systems such as {chat}, {electronic mail}, {SMS} or {news}. Although originally intended mostly as jokes, emoticons are widely recognised if not expected; the lack of verbal and visual cues can otherwise cause non-serious comments to be misinterpreted, resulting in offence, arguments and {flame wars}. Hundreds of emoticons have been proposed, but only a few are in common use. These include: :-) "smiley face" (for humour, laughter, friendliness, occasionally sarcasm) :-( "frowney face" (for sadness, anger, or upset) ;-) "half-smiley" (ha ha only serious); also known as "semi-smiley" or "winkey face". :-/ "wry face" These are more recognisable if you tilt your head to the left. The first two are by far the most frequently encountered. Hyphenless forms of them are also common. The acronym "{lol}" is also often used in the same context for the same effect (and is easier to type). The emoticon was invented by one Scott Fahlman on the {CMU} {bboard} systems on 1982-09-19. He later wrote: "I had no idea that I was starting something that would soon pollute all the world's communication channels." {GLS} confirms that he remembers this original posting, which has subsequently been {retrieved from a backup (http://research.microsoft.com/~mbj/Smiley/BBoard_Contents.html)}. As with exclamation marks, overuse of the smiley is a mark of loserhood! More than one per paragraph is a fairly sure sign that you've gone over the line. [{Jargon File}] (2010-05-16) `WikiPedia emoticons` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emoticons `Unicodes FAQ` https://www.unicode.org/faq/emoji_dingbats.html see: `jargon`_ Emojis ------ _`(o|o)` http://www.emojitracker.com/ If you : - do not communicate in pictograms in your daily cultural interactions - your *consistently* using more than a couple per message - are having a non casual conversation Consider that Emojis are not displayed consistently across platforms, interfaces, or even "Apps". - Are you saying _what_ you think you are saying ? - Are you saying _that_ with the _intent_ you mean ? Your `i-Silo` and of course your `i-call`. ((Just Observations from Lived Experience.)) YMMV_ *Emojis can also be great fun*. And *there is nothing wrong with that.* see: `jargon`_ ........................................................................ Erlang ------ A computer programming language Notable in this glossary context as it was designed to be **robustly** `distributed`_ and enable what we now call `federation`_ all **concurrently** in the 1980's. It is widely used. Especially in areas that require high reliability and resilience. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: Erlang 1. {Agner Krarup Erlang}. (The other senses were named after him). 2. A concurrent {functional language} for large industrial {real-time} systems by Armstrong, Williams and Virding of Ellemtel, Sweden. Erlang is untyped. It has {pattern matching} syntax, {recursion equations}, explicit {concurrency}, {asynchronous message passing} and is relatively free from {side-effects}. It supports transparent cross-{platform} distribution. It has primitives for detecting run-time errors, real-time {garbage collection}, {modules}, {dynamic code replacement} (change code in a continuously running real-time system) and a {foreign language interface}. It tends to hurt the heads of those programmers who have locked in to procedural or Object based languages. Some background in Set Theory may help. Though don't drink too much cool-aide. From Erlang.org :: Erlang is a programming language used to build massively scalable soft real-time systems with requirements on high availability. Some of its uses are in telecoms, banking, e-commerce, computer telephony and instant messaging. Erlang's runtime system has built-in support for concurrency, distribution and fault tolerance. -- https://www.erlang.org/ see also: https://github.com/erlang https://learnyousomeerlang.com/ ........................................................................ Event ----- also: _`events` * noun An event is an organised gathering of people. - Normally set for a specific time or a predictably repeating time. - Often recorded in a calendar which may be accessible by a group of people or network propagated to subscribed individuals. (email counts) ........................................................................ Export ------ * verb To export your data is to download your contact lists , interface settings or , other listings from on Network Instance. This allows you to move your personal contact lists and bio details between instances of the same type (and often other types) . This facility is widely supported in the Fediverse as the assumption is that YOU own your data. It is not for data mining. Export personal data .................... * Export account Export your account info and contacts. Use this to backup your account or to move it to another server. * Export all Export your account info, contacts and all your items as json. Could be a very big file, and could take a lot of time. Use this to make a full backup of your account (photos are not exported) -- `Friendica`_ (squeet.me) Settings Dialog Oct 2018 see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- F is for -------- FAQ --- * noun Frequently Asked Questions ........................................................................ FB -- * noun acronym - Face Book - Facebook |(TM)| - Face-Book A huge monolithic Social Media platform. That is actually a thinly disguised front for : Galactic Groups |(TM)| Sirius Cybernetics |(TM)| Marketing Division |(TM)|. see: `Platform List`_ Fediverse --------- Also: _`The Fediverse` , _`Fediverse` * Noun Verb The descriptive title given to a set of social media services that can communicate with each other. Particularly using the ActivityPub protocol. They May also talk to each other using standardised `protocols`_ including:: diaspora, Zot, OStatus, DFRN, as well as ActivityPub Members of the Fediverse include: `Mastodon Instances`_, `Diaspora Pods`_ , `Friendica Nodes`_ , `Pleroma Instances`_ `Hubzilla`_, `Socialhome`_, `GangGo`_, `postActive`_, `Misskey`_, `PeerTube`_ and `GNUsocial Nodes`_ , see also: `Platform List`_ see also: Software Suites Overview also see: Organic Design notes The Not Divide ............... Sometimes further divided into the `Federation`_ and The `Fediverse`_. Generally; the Fediverse contains the Federation. *The Division is centrally about which Networks support the `ActivityPub`_ protocol.* - Those that do are (also) in the Fediverse. - Those that don't (yet) are in the Federation. Federation only networks can not easily communicate with Fediverse networks. `[fg]`_ The "division" is Post Hoc. Its is almost as simple as the fact that ActivityPub was not formally released use until recently. (2018) Most Federation (era) networks are either in active deployment and testing of ActivityPub or have future plans to. Effectively this means *the current tendency is for wider, more inclusive cooperation and Federation.* *One Federated Distributed Fediverse with many flavours of networks.* ( |publish time| ) see also: `Federation`_ , `Service`_ , `Instance`_ , `Pod`_ , `Host`_ , `Node`_ and `Solid`_ , `Zot`_ , `Platform List`_ _`[fg]` There are gateways. `Diaspora`_ (Nov 2018) seems to be the only serious hold out. ........................................................................ Federated View -------------- * Noun A `follow stream` choice on some platforms. `More or less` all of the fediverse. All the posts your host can see. see: `The Whole Known Network`_ ........................................................................ Federation ---------- _`The Federation` * Noun The federation (in this context) is applied to the Services that exploit protocols such as :: Zot Red OStatus (stack) and Diaspora (protocol) OAuth A recent Protocol `ActivityPub` has grown out of the experiences of the early Federated systems and is now an accepted formalised W3C standard. From `The Federation Website` (emphasis added) **"The Federation"** Refers to a global social network composed of *nodes* that talk to each other. Each of them is an installation of software which supports one of the federated social web protocols. (or more than one) From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: The establishment of some or all of business agreements, {cryptographic} trust and user identifiers or attributes across security and policy domains to enable more seamless business interaction. As {web services} promise to enable integration between business partners through {loose coupling} at the application and messaging layer, federation does so at the identity management layer, insulating each domain from the details of the others' authentication and authorization. Key to this loose coupling at the identity management layer are standardized mechanisms and formats for the communication of identity information between the domains. {SAML} is one such standard. -- (2011-05-12) See also the super set: `Fediverse`_ . Which includes the `Federation`_ as a subset at least in the scope of Social Media. _`Federate` * verb e.g. Lets federate our XMPP server with the Fediverse. _`Federated` * Adjective Services may be or become federated as they include protocols that allow distributed operations. e.g. We have finally federated with the rest of the federation services. Plugins or extensions exist for _some_ Fediverse Instances to receive or send feeds to non-federated platforms. Federation Notes ................ Some locally archived notes: - SwitchingSocial Notes as a simple web page `[SwSoc-federation-html_Nov-2018]`_ - Same Notes directly in text `[SwSoc-federation-txt_Nov-2018]`_ see: `Platform List`_ `fediverse`_ ........................................................................ Feed ---- Also: _`feeds` , _`data feed` From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: data feed Some process for transferring {data} from one system to another in a predetermined form. (2009-05-17) also: `RSS`_ , Home Feed , Global Feed, Local Feed ........................................................................ Filter ------ * verb * Noun syn: sort sieve ........................................................................ finger ------ also: _`pinky` * Noun - A `Service`_ run by a `Host`_ that provides details of `Users`_ and possibly their current activity. - `WebFinger`_ approximates this facility for Internet wide Social Media environments. * Verb - To `finger` somebody is to ask the fingerd service for details on somebody. This protocol was (and still is used) to facilitate easy human access to other people from the early days of computer networking. Finger Notes ............ There are, of course, security implications and so access to this service is usually restricted. "Pinky" is a light weight finger. From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: finger [WAITS, via BSD Unix] 1. n. A program that displays information about a particular user or all users logged on the system, or a remote system. Typically shows full name, last login time, idle time, terminal line, and terminal location (where applicable). May also display a {plan file} left by the user (see also { Hacking X for Y}). 2. vt. To apply finger to a username. 3. vt. By extension, to check a human's current state by any means:: "OK, finger Lisa and see if she's idle." ... `[WikiPedia-Finger_Nov-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finger_protocol `[Man-Finger_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.mankier.com/1/finger see also: `webFinger`_ ........................................................................ Flag ---- also: _`Flagged` * Noun A flag is an attribute set on an Object to assist filtering or other sorting / decision process.. e.g. A flag may be set on a Message marking it Private, or eyes only for some other grouping of accounts. * Verb To "flag' something is to set a marker. Often a warning of some sort. This usage does not relate neatly with "traditional" programming uses: Where a flag usually only has a couple of possible values. like so: From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: flag noun [very common] A variable or quantity that can take on one of two values; a bit, particularly one that is used to indicate one of two outcomes or is used to control which of two things is to be done. see: `signal`_ , `CW`_ , semaphore, filter ........................................................................ Follow ------ also: _`Follows` and _`Followed` * Verb - To `subscribe` to another `users`_ message `feed`_ . - To listen to their `accounts`_ `posts`_ . see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Framework --------- * Noun - Software Building Blocks or Scaffolding. - A collection of software that forms the design template for other software. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: framework 1: a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process; "the computer program was based on a model of the circulatory and respiratory systems" [syn: {model}, {theoretical account}, {framework}] 2: the underlying structure; "providing a factual framework for future research"; "it is part of the fabric of society" [syn: {framework}, {fabric}] 3: a structure supporting or containing something From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: framework In {object-oriented} systems, a set of {class}es that embodies an abstract design for solutions to a number of related problems. (1995-01-30) see: `Vue.js`_ Elixer Node.js Ostatus see: `jargon`_ ........................................................................ Free ---- see: `FSF`_ TODO ........................................................................ Free Software ------------- See: `FSF`_ see `GNU`_ ........................................................................ Friendica --------- Also: _`Friendica Nodes` Friendica servers are called "nodes". Friendica supports a wide range of inter-service protocols. It exploits a plugin mechanism (`API`_) to extend connectivity to many non-federated Services as well. e.g. `G+`_ Friendica Federation .................... Supported Connection Protocols: * DFRN, OStatus, diaspora StatusNet, GNU social, Quitter ActivityPub ( maturing late 2018 ) Social Media Connects to: * diaspora*, Hubzilla, * Mastodon, Socialhome, GangGo, * Pleroma, GNU Social, postActiv * email via IMAP4rev1/ESMTP. * RSS/Atom. (import data feeds from other sites) Import arbitrary websites and blogs into your social stream via RSS/Atom feeds. e.g. `Wordpress`_ Support for other services via plugins. see : Features https://friendi.ca/about/features/ Friendica Links: - `About Friendica` - `Stats and overview` - `Friendica Directory` - `Friendica Nodes` - `Linux Magazine` - `Features` see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Frontend -------- * Noun The applications that work with services on behalf of a `Client`_. Most of the Interaction you may have with your `Nodes`_ on the `Fediverse`_ is done through a Frontend. (Your Web Browser Interfaces to `Friendica`_ or `GnuSocial`_ `Instances`_ for instance ) ........................................................................ Funkwhale --------- * Noun - Funkwhale is a Free and Open music player for the Fediverse. - Its federation features are currently limited to a bot or two. - The interface is web based. (browser) Funkwhale Federation .................... from: https://docs.funkwhale.audio/features.html#federation [19-Oct-2018] :: Each Funkwhale instance is able to fetch music from other compatible servers, and share its own library on the network, in a process known as "federation". Federation is implemented using the ActivityPub protocol, in order to leverage existing tools and be compatible with other services such as Mastodon. As of today, federation only targets music acquisition, meaning user interactions are not shared via ActivityPub. This will be implemented at a later point. Funkwhale Links ............... * Excellent Documentation : * Working Demonstration server at : -- `[Tilley_FW_Oct-2018]`_ see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ FSF --- also: _`The Free Software Foundation` * Noun The Free Software Foundation The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a nonprofit with a worldwide mission to promote computer user freedom. [They] defend the rights of all software users. ... Core Work The FSF maintains historic articles covering free software philosophy and maintains the Free Software Definition - to show clearly what must be true about a particular software program for it to be considered free software. The FSF sponsors the GNU project - the ongoing effort to provide a complete operating system licensed as free software. We also fund and promote important free software development and provide development systems for GNU software maintainers, including full email and shell services and mailing lists. We are committed to furthering the development of the GNU Operating System and enabling volunteers to easily contribute to that work, including sponsoring Savannah the source code repository and center for free software development. -- `[FSF-Intro_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.fsf.org/about/ From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: Free Software Foundation FSF (FSF) An organisation devoted to the creation and dissemination of {free software}, i.e. software that is free from licensing fees or restrictions on use. The Foundation's main work is supporting the {GNU} project, started by {Richard Stallman} (RMS), partly to proselytise for his position that information is community property and all software source should be shared. see: `Digital Rights`_ , `GNU`_ , ........................................................................ FreeBSD ------- * noun - A flexible `*Nix` type Operating System from : The FreeBSD `FAQ`_ FreeBSD is a modern operating system for desktops, laptops, servers, and embedded systems with support for a large number of platforms. It is based on U.C. Berkeley's "4.4BSD-Lite" release, with some "4.4BSD-Lite2" enhancements. It is also based indirectly on William Jolitz's port of U.C. Berkeley's "Net/2" to the i386#, known as "386BSD", though very little of the 386BSD code remains. FreeBSD is used by companies, Internet Service Providers, researchers, computer professionals, students and home users all over the world in their work, education and recreation. -- `[FreeBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]`_ From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: FreeBSD A free {operating system} based on the {BSD 4.4-lite} release from {Computer Systems Research Group} at the {University of California at Berkeley}. FreeBSD requires an {ISA}, {EISA}, {VESA}, or {PCI} based computer with an {Intel 80386SX} to {Pentium} CPU (or compatible {AMD} or {Cyrix} CPU) with 4 megabytes of {RAM} and 60MB of disk space. Some of FreeBSD's features are: {preemptive multitasking} with dynamic priority adjustment to ensure smooth and fair sharing of the computer between applications and users. Multiuser access - {peripherals} such as printers and tape drives can be shared between all users. Complete {TCP/IP} networking including {SLIP}, {PPP}, {NFS} and {NIS}. {Memory protection}, {demand-paged virtual memory} with a merged {VM}/{buffer cache} design. FreeBSD was designed as a {32 bit operating system}. {X Window System} (X11R6) provides a {graphical user interface}. {Binary compatibility} with many programs built for {SCO}, {BSDI}, {NetBSD}, {386BSD}, and {Linux}. Hundreds of ready-to-run applications in the FreeBSD ports collection. FreeBSD is {source code compatible} with most popular commercial {Unix} systems and thus most applications require few, if any, changes to compile. {Shared libraries}. A full compliment of {C}, {C++}, {Fortran} and {Perl} development tools and many other languages. {Source code} for the entire system is available. Extensive on-line documentation. {(http://freebsd.org/)}. -- (1998-11-24) see: `BSD`_ , `OS`_ , `NIXen`_ ........................................................................ -------- G is for -------- G+ Exodus 2018 -------------- - Oct 2018 Google+ - An exodus was just commencing. Google |(TM)| had recently announced the "Sundowning" of the public G+ Platform. A remarkable amount of collaborative effort was underway as G+ Users explored alternatives. `[G+MassMigrateGroup]`_ One astute User explained, with relevance and clarity, some differences between "Centralised" and "Federated" Network Types. `[G+GriefPost]`_ Her post follows with layout alterations only. :: I will attempt to explain: A centralized or private social network cannot connect with other social network types. Like FB, G+, MeWe, and Discord for example. You would need an account on each one. A federated social network is decentralized meaning there are many servers instead of one server like those above. Each of these servers uses at least one of the 6 protocols to communicate with other federated servers or nodes. If you make an account on any federated network type, that is the only account you need. You will be able to "friend" others on the same or different federated network types. Examples of the network types are: Mastodon, Diaspora, Friendica, and Hubzilla. I have a Friendica account so I can connect with others (and already have done so in testing) who have pluspora, joindiaspora, hubzilla, mastodon, and other friendica accounts. If you join social networks that are not federated, you will not be able to use it to connect with those that are federated. You can, I am told by an admin, mirror your G+ posts to your Friendica account. I am looking at how to set that up for my own account. -- `[Ayres_Oct-2018]`_ see: `jargon`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ GAFA ---- * noun Acronym Google, Amazon, Facebook and Apple (sometimes called "GAFA") see: `Jargon`_ , `Acronym`_ ........................................................................ GangGo ------ * Noun A Network in the Fediverse TODO see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ G Plus ------ Also: _`G+` * Noun - A Non Federated Social Media Platform. - Operated by Google (TM) - Alphabet owns Google see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Glossary -------- * Noun From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Glossary \Glos"sa*ry\, n.; pl. {Gossaries}. [L. glossarium, fr. glossa: cf. F. glossaire. See 3d {Gloss}.] A collection of glosses or explanations of words and passages of a work or author; a partial dictionary of a work, an author, a dialect, art, or science, explaining archaic, technical, or other uncommon words. [1913 Webster] From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: glossary n 1: an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field [syn: {glossary}, {gloss}] see: `Glossary`_ ........................................................................ GNU --- * acronym ((recursive)) A `*Nix` From |GNU| : The name "GNU" is a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix!"; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g. GNU was launched by Richard Stallman (rms) in 1983, as an operating system which would be put together by people working together for the freedom of all software users to control their computing. rms remains the Chief GNUisance today. The primary and continuing goal of GNU is to offer a Unix-compatible system that would be 100% free software. Not 95% free, not 99.5%, but 100%. The name of the system, GNU, is a recursive acronym meaning *GNU's Not Unix* - a way of paying tribute to the technical ideas of Unix, while at the same time saying that GNU is something different. Technically, GNU is like Unix. But unlike Unix, GNU gives its users freedom. ... The ultimate goal is to provide free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to do ... -- `[GNU_Oct-21-2018]`_ https://www.gnu.org/gnu/about-gnu.html The software suite under the `FSF`_ / GNU's aegis is, arguably, foundational to the contemporary computing and the Internet itself. It is certainly enabling. The FSF maintain a software listing here: https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page -- `[FSF-List_Oct-21-2018]`_ From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: GNU /g*noo/ 1. A {recursive acronym}: "GNU's Not Unix!". The {Free Software Foundation}'s project to provide a freely distributable replacement for {Unix}. The GNU Manifesto was published in the March 1985 issue of Dr. Dobb's Journal but the GNU project started a year and a half earlier when {Richard Stallman} was trying to get funding to work on his freely distributable editor, {Emacs}. {Emacs} and the GNU {C} compiler, {gcc}, two tools designed for this project, have become very popular. GNU software is available from many {GNU archive sites}. see also: `Unix`, `Nixen`, `*Nix`, `*BSD`, `suite`, `FSF`_ , `[GNU-Oct-2018]`_ : ........................................................................ GNUsocial --------- also: _`GNU Social`, _`GNUSocial`, _`gnusocial nodes` * Noun From: gnusocial.cc is one of many GNU social-/StatusNet-instances. gnusocial.cc is a project using the GNU social - / `StatusNet`_ -system, combined with a familiar user interface (UI). GNU social/StatusNet is a decentralised microblogging platform. Users of one instance (or: service) can follow, be followed by, and communicate with users of any other instance. Other instances are, e.g., loadaverage.org, status.vinilox.eu, micro.fragdev.com, gnusocial.de, indy.im, quitter.no, rainbowdash.net, etc. The current number of microblogging instances using the GNU social/StatusNet software is probably about 50, gnusocial.cc is one of them. As they all use the same software (GNU social/StatusNet) and transmission protocol (`OStatus`_), they can talk to each other just like e-mail servers can talk to each other, even though they are independent and run by different companies. -- `[gnuSocial_Oct-2018]`_ see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Gopher ------ * Noun A document retrieval system from the 1990's. Gopher is offered as an extra `protocol`_ by some `networks`_. `[pg]`_ While still `Internet` based (TCP/IP) Gopher is "off the Web" and surprisingly flexible. (enough of both to be a quietly useful medium) Gophers live on Port 70 and are persistent little critters. :) From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: gopher A {distributed} document retrieval system which started as a {Campus Wide Information System} at the {University of Minnesota}, and which was popular in the early 1990s. Gopher is defined in {RFC 1436}. The protocol is like a primitive form of {HTTP} (which came later). Gopher lacks the {MIME} features of HTTP, but expressed the equivalent of a document's {MIME type} with a one-character code for the "{Gopher object type}". At time of writing (2001), all Web browers should be able to access gopher servers, although few gopher servers exist anymore. {Tim Berners-Lee}, in his book "Weaving The Web" (pp.72-73), related his opinion that it was not so much the protocol limitations of gopher that made people abandon it in favor of HTTP/{HTML}, but instead the legal missteps on the part of the university where it was developed:: "It was just about this time, spring 1993, that the University of Minnesota decided that it would ask for a license fee from certain classes of users who wanted to use gopher. Since the gopher software being picked up so widely, the university was going to charge an annual fee. The browser, and the act of browsing, would be free, and the server software would remain free to nonprofit and educational institutions. But any other users, notably companies, would have to pay to use gopher server software. "This was an act of treason in the academic community and the Internet community. Even if the university never charged anyone a dime, the fact that the school had announced it was reserving the right to charge people for the use of the gopher protocols meant it had crossed the line. To use the technology was too risky. Industry dropped gopher like a hot potato." -- (2001-03-31) *Hot Potato* or not Gopher is (apparently) still a useful "out of band" method for sharing information. RFC 1436 is quite digestible. _`[pg]` the `tildeverse` and `pleroma`_ for instance , but there will be others. see also: `Protocol`_ , `URI`_ , `URL`_ `[RFC1436_Nov-2018]`_ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1436 `[CatsGopherHWY_Nov-2018]`_ https://gopher.zone/posts/how-to-gophermap/ see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Graphic ------- Also: _`graphical` TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO see: `Content`_ , 'Video' , `Attachment` ........................................................................ Gravatar -------- * noun A "Gravatar" is a Globally Recognised `Avatar`_. You upload it and create your profile just once, and then when you participate in any Gravatar-enabled site, your Gravatar image will automatically follow you there. Gravatar is a free service for site owners, developers, and users. It is automatically included in every WordPress.com account `[Gravatar_Oct-2018]`_ https://en.gravatar.com/support/what-is-gravatar/ ........................................................................ Grid ---- * Noun - A network of `nodes`_ with no central node(s). - A `Federated`_ (distributed) matrix of `Hubzilla`_ Hubs. ........................................................................ Group ----- also: _`Groups` * Noun - A filtered set of User Accounts - A contact list. - A set of people who only get a message sent to *them collectively*. * verb To collect together a set of users accounts by some common factor. synonyms: `Lists`_ , `Aspects`_ , `Views`_ , Circles ........................................................................ GUI --- also: _`UI` * noun , acronym - Graphical User Interface - User Interface A more Human Friendly Interface_ that enables operations of vast collections of software. see: `Interface`_ , `Graphic` see: `jargon`_ ........................................................................ Guest ----- * Noun From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: guest 1: a visitor to whom hospitality is extended [syn: {guest}, {invitee}] 2: United States journalist (born in England) noted for his syndicated homey verse (1881-1959) [syn: {Guest}, {Edgar Guest}, {Edgar Albert Guest}] 3: a customer of a hotel or restaurant etc. 4: *(computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a computer network* [syn: {`node`_}, {`client`_}, {guest}] * Verb A perfectly sane system administrator might say: " We guest (many) hosts on our virtual hosts, and most of those guests are hosts. " The more correct alternative being: " We host (many) hosts on our virtual hosts, and all of those hosts are also hosting services. " see: `host`_ , `network`_ , `node`_ ........................................................................ -------- H is for -------- Handle ------ * Noun In a Social Media context a handle is a name that identifies an account. A handle identifies a human, a group or `bot`_. Essentially it functions as your name or `Nickname`_. `Nick`_ is essentially a synonym for Handle. A *Handle* may also uniquely Identify a node or host much as shop front iconography or as web-address does for other networked systems. see also: @handle@node.domain The term "Handle" is still widely used in Information Technology, and other communications contexts. From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: handle noun. 1. [from CB slang] An electronic pseudonym; a nom de guerre intended to conceal the user's true identity. Network and BBS handles function as the same sort of simultaneous concealment and display one finds on Citizen's Band radio, from which the term was adopted. Use of grandiose handles is characteristic of {warez d00dz}, {cracker}s, {weenie}s, {spod}s, and other lower forms of network life; true hackers travel on their own reputations rather than invented legendry. Compare {nick}, {screen name}. 2. A {magic cookie}, often in the form of a numeric index into some array somewhere, through which you can manipulate an object like a file or window. The form file handle is especially common. 3. [Mac] A pointer to a pointer to dynamically-allocated memory; the extra level of indirection allows on-the-fly memory compaction (to cut down on fragmentation) or ageing out of unused resources, with minimal impact on the (possibly multiple) parts of the larger program containing references to the allocated memory. Compare {snap} (to snap a handle would defeat its purpose); see also {aliasing bug}, {dangling pointer}. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: handle 1. A simple item of data that identifies a resource. For example, a {Unix} file handle identifies an open file and associated data such as whether it was opened for read or write and the current read/write position. On the {Macintosh}, a handle is a pointer to a pointer to some dynamically-allocated memory. The extra level of indirection allows on-the-fly {memory compaction} or {garbage collection} without invalidating application program references to the allocated memory. 2. An alias used intended to conceal a user's true identity in an electronic message. The term is common on Citizen's Band and other amateur radio but, in that context usually means the user's real name as {FCC} rules forbid concealing one's identity. Use of grandiose handles is characteristic of {crackers}, {weenies}, {spods}, and other lower forms of network life; true hackers travel on their own reputations. Compare {nick}. [{Jargon File}] 3. {domain handle}. (2004-07-20) see: `jargon`_ .................................................................... Hashtag ------- also: _`#hashtag` , _`HashTag` * Noun * verb .................................................................... HCard ----- also: _`h-card` * Noun - A web version of a Vcard. Essentially your `addressbook` details. - A short simple formalised "micro-format" for `finger`_ like information. " h-card is a simple, open format for publishing people and organisations on the web. h-card is one of several open microformat draft standards suitable for *embedding data in HTML*." -- `[Micro_Hcard-Nov-2018]`_ http://microformats.org/wiki/h-card So an short simple HTML addressbook "snippet". see also: `WebFinger`_ ..................................................................... Head ---- also: _`Header` * noun - The top line of a message. - The first item of a list. - Top of the page. - The thing that holds the thing you may think with. ........................................................................ Host ---- * Noun A machine or place on a `network`_. A host may be a Work Station an Internet Of Things Appliance or any other device that has an Operating System and / or the ability to utilise its network connections. * Verb *Host* or *Hosts* A Server is an Instance_ of a Host_ that itself Hosts services for other computers or network nodes. A node may host software. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: 1. A computer connected to a {network}. The term node_ includes devices such as routers and printers *which would not normally be called "hosts"*. 2. A computer to which one connects using a terminal emulator. -- (1995-02-16) ........................................................................ Hub --- also: _`Hubs` A `Hubzilla`_ or `Osada`_ `Node`_ is called a hub. Hubs are interconnected into Federated grids. see: `Osada`_ `Network`_ `Federation`_ `Instance`_ ........................................................................ Hubzilla -------- * Noun *Hubzilla* is a fully featured social media platform and more. This information is from the Hubzilla development site: - Hubzilla `Instances`_ (nodes) are called Hubs. - The Hubs `Federate`_ into a `Grid`_. - The Hubs can see much of the rest of the `Fediverse`_. - Access and Identity are portable across (at least) The Hubzilla Grid. - All web connections are encrypted ( https ). - All storage is encrypted. ( as of |publish time| ) Hubzilla Federation ................... Hubzilla supports `Zot`_, `OStatus`_, `diaspora`_, `ActivityPub`_ Which should get you connected to the fediverse and beyond. see these notes to engage all the protocols: `[fedi-hubzilla-protocols_Nov-2018]`_ https://fediverse.party/en/hubzilla/ Hubzilla Notes .............. From: `[HubzillaDevelopment-Oct-2018]` https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project "Hubzilla is a powerful platform for creating interconnected websites featuring a decentralized identity, communications, and permissions framework built using common webserver technology." - The Grid #. The Grid is a decentralised network of Hubzilla Hubs. #. This is similar to federation. #. There is no single point of failure and no master server. #. So I guess Hubzilla is a Hub Monster ? - Channels Hubzilla emphasises the concept of `Channel`_ to include almost any browsable meta grouping. - A user account is a channel, - An account may be cloned and imported into any other hubzilla. - A group of accounts may be a channel, - A web site may be a channel, - A collection of images may be a channel Think of Hubzilla channels as: A Collection that you can *selectively share*. Access and privacy are central to these channels and even portable. - Nomadic Identity A Hubzilla Identity is portable across other Hubzilla Hubs and anywhere the `Zot`_ protocol is supported. Zot allows completely decentralised communications and insulation from `DNS`_ based identity. [aside] It *should* not matter where you are, or how many proxies you hopped through to arrive there. " With Hubzilla, you don't have an "account" on a server like you do on typical websites; you own an `identity`_ that you can take with you across the `grid`_ by using `clones`_. " -- `[Osada-About-Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about [/aside] - On-line Storage Hubs may offer `cloud` like storage allocations using `WebDav` and Browser uploads. -- `[Hubzill-start_Oct-24-2018]`_ https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- I is for -------- Icon ---- * noun See also: `Avatar`_ ........................................................................ Identity -------- TODO see: `Hubzilla`_ `Osada`_ IndieAuth --------- * protocol - IndieAuth is a `federated`_ `login`_ `protocol`_ for Web sign-in. (log in) Enabling users to *use their own domain* (or dedicated service) `[od]`_ to sign in to sites, plaforms and services. - IndieAuth `OAuth2`_ like Sign-Ins `[od]`_ for the more Open Distributed Web. IndieAuth is an extension to OAuth 2.0 that enables any website to become its own identity provider. It builds on OAuth 2.0, taking advantage of all the existing security considerations and best practices in the industry around authorization and authentication. -- `[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]`_ IndieAuth enables Clients to: - verify the `identity`_ of an End-User. - obtain an access `token` that can be used to access resources under the control of that verified *End-User*. One objective is to decentralise the Authorisation system. (away from the big silo type providers) You might use it to handle remote logins to your social media service. Especially as you shift across devices, applications and locations. _`[od]` Instead of "Login With" Google,Facebook or Github for example. IndieAuth is an extension to `OAuth`_ 2.0 [RFC6749], (is used by `Micropub`_ clients for example). IndieAuth Architecture ....................... IndieAuth starts with the assumption that every identifier is a `URL`_. Users as well as applications are identified and represented by a `URL`_. When a user logs in to an application, they start by entering their personal home page `URL`_. The application fetches that `URL`_ and finds where to send the user to authenticate, then sends the user there, and can later verify that the authentication was successful. -- `[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]`_ How IndieAuth works ................... Basic flow with a user signing in to a (web) app #. The user fills in his/her personal `URL`_ This is called Web sign-in. #. The app fetches the `URL`_, looking for an authorization endpoint. For this, the user can use IndieAuth.com, but it can also be at their own domain. The app redirects the User to their authorization endpoint. #. The user authenticates at their own authorization endpoint. - IndieAuth.com uses RelMeAuth to authenticate users, - but if a user uses an authorization endpoint on his/her own site, it can be a password, e-mail link, or any other authentication mechanism the authorization endpoint provides. #. They [the user] prove their identity to their authorization endpoint while the app waits for them to complete. #. The authorization endpoint issues a **temporary authorization code**, and sends it to the app by redirecting the user's browser back to the app. #. The app checks the code with the authorization endpoint, - and if the code is valid - and if the *user's* identifier matches the *endpoints* identifier #. the login is completed, - and the user can enter and use the app. -- `[IndieAuth-IW_Nov-2018]`_ [Some edits and emphasis added.] IndieAuth Links ............... `[IndieAuth-AAParecki_Nov-2018]`_ https://aaronparecki.com/2018/07/07/7/oauth-for-the-open-web `[IndieAuth-W3_Nov-2018]`_ `[IndieAuth-IW_Nov-2018]`_ This mozilla.org link has a good overview: `[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]`_ https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/10/dweb-identity-for-the-decentralized-web-with-indieauth/ see : `OAuth`_ `webmention`_ , `micropub`_ , `microformats`_ , `Silos`_, `IndieWeb`_ ........................................................................ IndieWeb -------- The Independent Web from: https://indieweb.org/ What is the IndieWeb? ..................... - The IndieWeb is a people-focused alternative to the "corporate web". - Your content is yours - When you post something on the web, it should belong to you, not a corporation. Too many companies have gone out of business and lost all of their users' data. - By joining the IndieWeb, your content stays yours and in your control. - You are better connected - Your articles and status messages can go to all services, not just one, allowing you to engage with everyone. Even replies and likes on other services can come back to your site so they're all in one place. - You are in control - You can post anything you want, - in any format you want, - with no one monitoring you. In addition, you share simple readable links such as **example.com/ideas.** These links are permanent and will always work. -- `[indieweb-org_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/ see : `silos`_ , `indieauth`_ , `webmention`_ , `micropub`_ , `microformats`_ , ........................................................................ Information ----------- From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: _`information` (Noun) :: - 1: a message received and understood [syn: {information},{info}] - 2: knowledge acquired through study or experience or instruction - 3: formal accusation of a crime - 4: a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn; "statistical data" [syn: {data}, {information}] - 5: (communication theory) a numerical measure of the uncertainty of an outcome; "the signal contained thousands of bits of information" [syn: {information}, {selective information}, {entropy}] From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: information (Noun) :: The result of applying data processing to data, giving it context and meaning. Information can then be further processed to yield knowledge. People or computers can find patterns in data to perceive information, and information can be used to enhance {knowledge}. Since knowledge is prerequisite to wisdom, we always want more data and information. But, as modern societies verge on {information overload}, we especially need better ways to find patterns. 1234567.89 is data. "Your bank balance has jumped 8087% to $1234567.89" - is information. "Nobody owes me that much money" - is knowledge. "I'd better talk to the bank before I spend it, because of what has happened to other people" - is wisdom. (2007-09-10) ........................................................................ Information Technology ---------------------- see: `CIT`_ , `IT`_ , `jargon`_ TODO ........................................................................ Instances --------- also: _`Instance` * Noun An example of something. * Verb TODO see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Interface --------- * noun The controlling mechanism(s) utilised to interact with a device. * verb The act of interacting with or controlling a device. From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: _`interface` noun. 1. a surface forming a common boundary between two things, especially between two fluids. [WordNet sense 1] [WordNet 1.5] 2. (Computers) hardware that links one device with another (especially a computer). [WordNet sense 2] [WordNet 1.5] 3. (Computers) **That part of a computer program which controls the way a program interacts with a user; the manner of inputting and outputting of data, and the way information is presented on a computer monitor; also called {user interface}; as, a graphical user interface; a character-based interface.** [PJC] From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: interface (noun) 1. (chemistry) a surface forming a common boundary between two things (two objects or liquids or chemical phases) 2. (computer science) **a program that controls a display for the user (usually on a computer monitor) and that allows the user to interact with the system** [syn. {interface}, {user interface}] 3. the overlap where two theories or phenomena affect each other or have links with each other; "the interface between chemistry and biology" 4. (computer science) computer circuit consisting of the hardware and associated circuitry that links one device with another (especially a computer and a hard disk drive or other peripherals) [syn: {interface}, {port}] ........................................................................ Instant Messaging ----------------- * Noun TODO * Verb see: `XMPP`_ also: `IRC`_ and : `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Import ------ * Verb syn: Copy ........................................................................ IANAL ----- * acronym I Am Not A Lawyer see: `acronym`_ IETF ---- * noun Internet Engineering Task Force IETF (IETF) The IETF is a large, open international community of network designers, operators, vendors and researchers whose purpose is to coordinate the operation, management and evolution of the {Internet} and to resolve short- and mid-range {protocol} and architectural issues. It is a major source of proposals for {protocol} {standards} which are submitted to the {Internet Architecture Board} (IAB) for final approval. see: `jargon`_ ........................................................................ IMHO ---- also: _`IMO` * Acronym Phrase In My Humble Opinion In My Opinion see: `acronym`_ ........................................................................ IRC --- also: _`chatroom` * Noun Acronym Internet Relay `Chat` see: `Chat`_ `Channel`_ `XMPP`_ also `jabber`_ `room`_ `chat room`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- J is for -------- JSON ----- * Noun Standard Noun A description of a text based structure that is readily transportable across networks in any domain. Defined as an ECMA standard Widely used in ephemeral areas of web programming. MORE TODO ........................................................................ Jabber ------ * Noun The original (and still widely used) name for `XMPP`_ see also: `XMPP`_ , `Instant Messaging`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Jargon ------ * Noun From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Jargon \Jar"gon\, n. [F. jargon, OF. also gargon, perh. akin to E. garrulous, or gargle.] 1. Confused, unintelligible language; gibberish. "A barbarous jargon." --Macaulay. "All jargon of the schools." --Prior. [1913 Webster] 2. Hence: an artificial idiom or dialect; cant language; slang. Especially, an idiom with frequent use of informal technical terms, such as acronyms, used by specialists. "All jargon of the schools." --Prior.[1913 Webster] The jargon which serves the traffickers. --Johnson. [1913 Webster] From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: jargon Language specific to some field of human endeavour, in this case, computing, that might not be understood by those outside that area. The {Jargon File} is the definitive collection of computing jargon. (2014-09-01) Apparently all creatures with thumbs and a culture develop jargon. `Computing and Information Technologies` (`CIT`_) not least of all. Social Media communication is riddled with often ephemeral instances. - Often used as shorthand. - May be used as a "status marker" of acquired knowledge and implied expertise. `[sm]`_ - Occasionally jargon is weaponised and used to exclude or ridicule. `[sm]`_ *Jargon is often a barrier* for *Newbs* (New Users). - Jargon may obfuscate ideas, concepts and process. - Jargon is often less precise and more context specific, than a proponent often assumes or may even, reasonably expect. Excessive use of jargon outside of some well lubricated social context, `[wc]`_ is usually an indicator of desperate obfuscation, pretence , or enthusiastically acquired freshly stamped proto knowledge. `(*0*)` . `:-)`_ Otherwise it is a sure sign of some sort of , of , of, intoxy... * _`[sm]` This sort of sneery patrician behaviour is generally considered to be a bad thing. * _`[wc]` Say an office end of year do. Where cab charges and booze had been liberally allocated. see: `CIT`_ , `IT`_ , `TLA`_ ........................................................................ -------- K is for -------- Not much yet ------------ kernels or kits or something I expect see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- L is for -------- Linux ----- * Noun A widely used Operating System. Often bundled with suites of Software called "Distros". Linux is the actual operating system in those cases in spite of common usage. An operating systems primary purpose is to enable software to Operate on various diverse lumps of electronic and optical circuitry. Anything else is a bonus. see: `BSD`_ `OS`_ ........................................................................ List ---- also: _`Lists` * noun Simply a list of Contacts or sometimes people you don't want to Contact. (It Happens) * Verb To add an element to a list. see also: `Contacts`_ , `Aspects`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ LockIn ------ also: _`Lock in` _`Vendor LockIn` _`proprietary lock-in` _`customer lock-in` TODO rambles REWRITE jump to the references ... Short For _`Vendor Locked In` The Borg at Work ................ Somehow this concept escaped "acronyisation" - When you can't apply solutions beyond the `silo`_ : ** YOU are locked in. ** - Opportunity Costs at all levels are non-linear. - Aims to excludes external interaction even global standards The Network effects of the Connected 21st century *enable* <&&> *amplify* this phenomenon: - on a scale barely conceivable a half century ago. - now possible for a vendor to achieve market and conceptual dominance - with locked in clients - at extremely low marginal costs. - per unit cost is (almost) not worth measuring. Lockin Examples ............... Facebook's |(TM)| dominance of _commercialised_ Social Media. Googles capture of the technological, design(s) and "mind spaces" of searching are just two examples. Lockin is not always a "bad thing". Sometimes it organically grows into an enabling `Standardisation`:: If the "Plain Old Telephone System" (POTS) had not been so successfully woven into human culture it is unlikely you would reading this at all. `[Wikipedia-VLockIn_Nov-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendor_lock-in `[LinInfo-VLockIN-Nov-2018]`_ http://www.linfo.org/vendor_lockin.html ........................................................................ Log --- Also: _`Logging` , _`Logs` * Noun A file(s) where a record of activity is kept. This is most often automatically produced as part of the normal operations of Network Services. Often text based communications are recorded and archived for later searching and reference. Common examples include `IRC`_ , `XMPP`_ and other `Chat`_ Systems. Web and Mail Servers. Assume any service has active logs. * Verb "To *log* something" Is to make a record of a transaction or proposed action for later reference. Examples "The Mail Server *logs* all access attempts" "The Admin will *log* the Chat session and mail the *logs* to all participants." ........................................................................ Login ----- Also: _`Log In` * Noun A *Login* is a current `Account`_. e.g. " My Login on the Pleroma Server is still valid. " * Verb To "*Login*" is to access your account. Usually you are starting a `session`_ with a `service`_ or on a `host`_. Around `distributed`_ `networking`_ the `authorisation`_ process is often itself distributed. `IndieAuth`_ and `OAuth`_ are two examples. `Zot`_ is another _similar_ Protocol. You know one these are in use when you are offered a "login with" => `some.other.network` dialog. see also: `Session`_ , `Account`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ LOL --- * acronym Laugh Out Loud It may be surprising to the reader to learn that this term has been in use since the earliest days of telegraphy. Perhaps even earlier. ........................................................................ LXC --- * acronym (?) LinuX Container A flexible system process and resource isolation system, similar to virtualisation or `BSD`_ Jails. see: `VM`_ , `acronym`_ , `Linux`_ ........................................................................ -------- M is for -------- MacroBlogging ------------- * noun Blogging that sits some where between microblogging and a full blog / writing site. features include: - No or large word limit. - ability to embed media within the post or at least attach the media. (images video or sound) - text formatting tools. (markdown or similar) see: `microblogging`_ `Blogging`_ `Friendica`_ `Hubzilla`_ `Diaspora`_ `Platform Listing`_ Mastodon -------- Also: _`mastodon Instances` * Noun see also: `instance`_ type: `Microblogging`_ with some media extensions and generally a longer word limit than `Birdsite`_ TODO `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Matrix ------ * Noun Protocol A federated `Chat`_ Service and *much* more. * Matrix's initial goal is to fix the problem of fragmented IP communications: letting users message and call each other without having to care what app the other user is on - making it as easy as sending an email. * Matrix is an open standard for inter-operable, decentralised, real-time communication over Internet Protocol. ... May be used for Instant Messaging, VoIP/WebRTC signalling, Internet of Things communication ... -- `[MatrixFAQ_Oct-2018]`_ mx:// Matrix:// --------------- * Protocol in process MurzNN commented on Sep 21, 2017 :: At now in most OS and browsers we can implement and register any custom protocol, that opens specific app, here is some examples: http://kb.mozillazine.org/Register_protocol So there are not too hard to manually register mx:// or matrix:// protocol in local system and configure browser to auto-open specific desktop app (Riot for example) on click for all urls with this protocol. Lets select and fix one recommended variation of Matrix protocol prefix in Matrix docs and provide link to it in matrix.to website, with short description how to configure it manually on local system. This will be good start for officially registering Matrix protocol prefix by default in browsers / OS. And next small step will be provide browser extensions with implementation of this protocol. -- https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/issues/455 (Nov 2018) Matrix Links ------------ - FAQ https://matrix.org/docs/guides/faq - public catalogue for matrix rooms https://matrixstats.org/ see: `Chat`_ `XMPP`_ `Jabber`_ `Room`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Metadata -------- _`metadata` * Noun Data about data With Great Power (should) Come Great Oversight. Metadata may include - time - created - visited - deleted - location and vector - held at where on what - visited by whom with what via where - downloaded by ... Add a little `tracking` and you have `FB`_ , `Google` or a surveillance state. Add ranking (methodologies) and you have social control of large communities. Now hand that to a Corporate or even Nation State actor... What, could, go, wrong? *Otherwise humans have been at it for centuries :)* From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: metadata 1: data about data; "a library catalogue is metadata because it describes publications" From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: metadata /me't*-day`t*/, or combinations of /may'-/ or (Commonwealth) /mee'-/; /-dah`t*/ (Or "meta-data") Data about {data}. In {data processing}, metadata is definitional data that provides information about or documentation of other data managed within an application or environment. For example, metadata would document data about {data elements} or {attributes}, (name, size, data type, etc) and data about {records} or {data structures} (length, fields, columns, etc) and data about data (where it is located, how it is associated, ownership, etc.). Metadata may include descriptive information about the context, quality and condition, or characteristics of the data. ........................................................................ Message ------- also: _`messages` * Noun * A communication, written or otherwise. A tweet is a Message. Synonyms * A `Post`_ , A `Toot`_ , A `Status`_ * Verb * To "message" somebody is to send them a communication. Usually NOT face to face. To "get in touch" with them. * `@message` syn. `DM`_ (informally) Imply a little more urgency or importance. Specifically contact a person or get their attention. see: `Instant Messaging`_ ........................................................................ MFA --- * noun Multi Factor Authentication (That extra step after you enter the password.) "a method of confirming a user's claimed identity in which a computer user is granted access only after successfully presenting two or more pieces of evidence (or factors) to an authentication mechanism: *knowledge* (something the user and only the user knows), *possession* (something the user and only the user has), and *inherence* (something the user and only the user is)" -- `[WikiPedia-MFA_Nov-2018]`_ see: `2FA`_ ........................................................................ Microblogging ------------- also: _`microblog` * noun - Short (length limited) messages. - A 'Short Form Post', a `Toot`_ a `Quip`_ Introduced and generalised to the wider web by Twitter |(TM)| as "Tweets". Originally text only. Link shortening and image embedding have extended the medium. * Verb To 'microblog' is to specifically make short form posts. see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Microformats ------------ protocol As a user you probably don't need to know about this ... Its just an agreed set of formats that browsers and servers need to understand. As a web developer or an Application developer though you really should check it out. " microformats2 is a simple, open format for *marking up data in HTML*. The microformats2 parsing specification describes how to implement a microformats2 parser, independent of any specific vocabularies. " -- `[MicroFormat_Nov-2018]`_ http://microformats.org/wiki/microformats-2 see : `IndieWeb`_ , `webmention`_ , `indieauth`_ ........................................................................ MicroPub -------- * noun protocol The Micropub protocol is used to create, update and delete posts on one's *own domain* using third-party clients. Web apps and native apps (e.g., iPhone, Android) can use Micropub to post and edit articles, short notes, comments, likes, photos, events or other kinds of posts *on your own website*. The Micropub spec defines a simple mechanism to create content, as well as a more thorough mechanism to *update and delete* content. -- `[W3_micropub_Nov-2018]`_ - https://www.w3.org/TR/micropub/ (With developer level examples.) Similar to how microformats has a relatively small ruleset for parsing HTML documents into a data structure, Micropub defines a small set of rules to interpret HTTP POST and GET requests as Micropub commands. Where Microformats does not require changing the parsing rules to introduce new properties of an object such as an h-entry, Micropub similarly does not require changing parsing rules to interpret requests that may correspond to different post types, such as posting videos vs "likes". The Micropub syntax describes how to interpret HTTP POST and GET requests into a useful action the server can take. -- `[MicroPub_Indieweb_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/Micropub see : `webmention`_ , `IndieWeb`_ , `microformats`_ , `indieauth`_ ........................................................................ Misskey ------- * Noun A Network in the Fediverse from: Miskey Site https://misskey.nl/ microblogging service. Sophisticated fully customisable Ui, varieties of reaction for posts, free file storage providing integrated management system and other advancing functions are available. Also, network system called "Fediverse" enables us to communicate with users on other SNSs. Like, if you post something, then your posts will sent not only to Misskey but also mastodon. Just imagine that the planet is sending a microwave to other planet to communication. -- `[miskey_Oct-19-2018]`_ see: `Microblogging`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ MIT --- * Acronym * Noun From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: *Massachusetts Institute of Technology* MIT (MIT) An independent, coeducational university located in Cambridge, MA, USA. Its best-known computer-related labs are the {Artificial Intelligence Lab}, the {Lab for Computer Science} and the Media Lab. It is also known for its {hacks} or practical jokes, ... `MIT` ........................................................................ ML -- * acronym Machine Learning see: `acronym`_ ........................................................................ -------- N is for -------- NetBSD ------ * noun NetBSD Very flexible and portable `NIX` style Operating System. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: An {open source} {Unix} {clone} that aims for {platform} Independence by a clean separation between the {hardware} and the the {kernel}. It has been ported to many platforms from {embedded systems} to 64-bit computers. {NetBSD Home (http://netbsd.org/)}. --(2004-10-08) from https://netbsd.org/about/ The NetBSD Project's goals .......................... One of the primary focuses of the NetBSD project has been to make the base OS highly portable. This has resulted in NetBSD being ported to a large number of hardware platforms. NetBSD is also interoperable, implementing many standard APIs and network protocols, and emulating many other systems' ABIs. Generally speaking, the NetBSD Project: - provides a well designed, stable, and fast BSD system, - avoids encumbering licenses, - provides a portable system, which runs on many hardware platforms, interoperates well with other systems, - conforms to open systems standards as much as is practical. In summary: The NetBSD Project provides a freely available and redistributable system that professionals, hobbyists, and researchers can use in whatever manner they wish. -- `[NetBSD_About-Nov-2018]`_ https://netbsd.org/about/ see: `NIXen`_ , `BSD`_ , `OS`_ , `API`_ , `ABI`_ ........................................................................ Network ------- _`Networked`, _`Networks` , _`Net` , _`Networking` * noun - A set of elements that is in communication with each other. - A collection of interlinked nodes that exchange information. -- `[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]`_ From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Network \Net"work`\, n. 1. A fabric of threads, cords, or wires crossing each other at certain intervals, and knotted or secured at the crossings, thus leaving spaces or meshes between them. [1913 Webster] 2. Any system of lines or channels interlacing or crossing like the fabric of a net; as, a network of veins; a network of railroads. [1913 Webster] 3. Hence: (Computers) A system of computers linked together by communications channels allowing the exchange of data between the linked computers. [PJC] 4. (Radio, Television) A group of transmitting stations connected by communications channels that permit the same program to be broadcast simultaneously from multiple stations over a very wide area; as, the CBS television network; also, the organization that controls the programming that is broadcast over such a network. Contrasted with a {local station} or {local transmitter}. [PJC] 5. (Electricity, Electronics) Any arrangement of electrical devices or elements connected together by conducting wires; as, a power transmission network. [PJC] 6. A group of buildings connected by means of transportation and communication between them, and controlled by a central organization for a common purpose; as, a book distribution network. [PJC] * Verb To network is to make connections between nodes. Nodes may be humans or some other device that communicates with other nodes on the network. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: verb 1: communicate with and within a group; "You have to network if you want to get a good job" ........................................................................ Nickname -------- Also: _`nick` * Noun In Social Media contexts Nickname or Nick is a synonym for `Handle`_ . From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: `Nick` n. [IRC; very common] Short for `nickname`. On {IRC_}, every user must pick a nick , which is sometimes the same as the user's real name or login name, but is often more fanciful. Compare handle, `screen name`. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: nick [IRC] nickname. On `IRC`_ , every user must pick a nick, which is sometimes the user's real name or `login name`_, but is often more fanciful. Compare Handle_. ........................................................................ NIXen ----- also: _`UNIX` _`UNIXES` * Noun Collective Noun Plural `Linux`_ , `BSD`_ (z) and Other Unix Like Operating Systems. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: UNIX n 1: trademark for a powerful operating system [syn: {UNIX}, {UNIX system}, {UNIX operating system}] From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: Unix /yoo'niks/, n. [In the authors' words, ?A weak pun on Multics?; very early on it was ? UNICS?] (also ?UNIX?) An interactive timesharing system invented in 1969 by Ken Thompson after Bell Labs left the Multics project, originally so he could play games on his scavenged PDP-7. Dennis Ritchie, the inventor of C, is considered a co-author of the system. The turning point in Unix's history came when it was reimplemented almost entirely in C during 1972?1974, making it the first source-portable OS. Unix subsequently underwent mutations and expansions at the hands of many different people, resulting in a uniquely flexible and developer-friendly environment. By 1991, Unix had become the most widely used multiuser general-purpose operating system in the world ? and since 1996 the variant called {Linux} has been at the cutting edge of the {open source} movement. Many people consider the success of Unix the most important victory yet of hackerdom over industry opposition (but see {Unix weenie} and {Unix conspiracy} for an opposing point of view). See {Version 7}, {BSD}, {Linux}. [richiethom] Archetypal hackers ken (left) and dmr (right). Some people are confused over whether this word is appropriately ?UNIX? or ?Unix?; both forms are common, and used interchangeably. Dennis Ritchie says that the ?UNIX? spelling originally happened in CACM's 1974 paper The UNIX Time-Sharing System because ?we had a new typesetter and {troff} had just been invented and we were intoxicated by being able to produce small caps.? Later, dmr tried to get the spelling changed to ?Unix? in a couple of Bell Labs papers, on the grounds that the word is not acronymic. He failed, and eventually (his words) ?wimped out? on the issue. So, while the trademark today is ?UNIX?, both capitalizations are grounded in ancient usage; the Jargon File uses ?Unix? in deference to dmr's wishes. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: Unix /yoo'niks/ (Or "UNIX", in the authors' words, "A weak pun on Multics") Plural "Unices". An interactive {time-sharing} {operating system} invented in 1969 by {Ken Thompson} after {Bell Labs} left the {Multics} project, originally so he could play games on his scavenged {PDP-7}. {Dennis Ritchie}, the inventor of {C}, is considered a co-author of the system. The turning point in Unix's history came when it was reimplemented almost entirely in C during 1972 - 1974, making it the first {source-portable} OS. Unix subsequently underwent mutations and expansions at the hands of many different people, resulting in a uniquely flexible and {developer}-friendly environment. By 1991, Unix had become the most widely used {multi-user} general-purpose operating system in the world. Many people consider this the most important victory yet of hackerdom over industry opposition (but see {Unix weenie} and {Unix conspiracy} for an opposing point of view). Unix is now offered by many manufacturers and is the subject of an international standardisation effort [called?]. Unix-like operating systems include {AIX}, {A/UX}, {BSD}, {Debian}, {FreeBSD}, {GNU}, {HP-UX}, {Linux}, {NetBSD}, {NEXTSTEP}, {OpenBSD}, {OPENSTEP}, {OSF}, {POSIX}, {RISCiX}, {Solaris}, {SunOS}, {System V}, {Ultrix}, {USG Unix}, {Version 7}, {Xenix}. "Unix" or "UNIX"? Both seem roughly equally popular, perhaps with a historical bias toward the latter. "UNIX" is a registered trademark of {The Open Group}, however, since it is a name and not an acronym, "Unix" has been adopted in this dictionary except where a larger name includes it in upper case. Since the OS is {case-sensitive} and exists in many different versions, it is fitting that its name should reflect this. {The UNIX Reference Desk (http://geek-girl.com/unix.html)}. {Spanish fire extinguisher (ftp://linux.mathematik.tu-darmstadt.de/pub/linux/people/okir/unix_flame.gif)}. [{Jargon File}] (2001-05-14) Apple machines operate with a Unix like Operating System as well. (darwin) Unix is also an engineering concept: More or Less: "Use many small simple robust parts to build a greater whole. The concept has proven to be effective portable durable and efficient." Which is not the same as Universally Applicable , It just seems that way. see: `OS`_ , `Linux`_ , `BSD`_ , `Server`_ , `GNU`_ , `FSF`_ ........................................................................ Node ---- _`Nodes` * Noun - A point of presence on a network. Occasionally a single purpose `Host`_ but by no means always. - The most basic part of the network; for example, a `user`_ or computer. -- `[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]`_ From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: node 1. A point or vertex in a {graph}. 2. {network node}. 3. A {hypertext} document. From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: node 8: (computer science) any computer that is hooked up to a computer network [syn: {node}, {`client`_}, {`guest`_}] 1: a connecting point at which several lines come together 2: any thickened enlargement [syn: {node}, {knob}, {thickening}] 3: (botany) the small swelling that is the part of a plant stem from which one or more leaves emerge [syn: {node}, {leaf node}] 4: (physics) the point of minimum displacement in a periodic system [ant: {antinode}] 5: (astronomy) a point where an orbit crosses a plane 6: the source of lymph and lymphocytes [syn: {lymph node}, {lymph gland}, {node}] 7: any bulge or swelling of an anatomical structure or part see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Nomadic Identity ---------------- also: _`Nomadic` A feature enabled by the `Zot`_ protocol. Zot6 enables "entities" that are nomadic. `Identity` is a example of an `entity` that may be nomadic. The ability to `authenticate`_ and easily migrate an identity across independent `hubs`_ and web `domains`. Nomadic `identity` provides true ownership of an online identity, because the identities of the `channels`_ controlled by an `account`_ on a hub are not tied to the `hub`_ itself. A hub is more like a "host" for channels. -- `[Osada-About-Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about see: `Hubzilla`_ `Osada`_ `Authenticate`_ `Zot`_ ........................................................................ Notification ------------ _`Notifications` * Noun Message(s) for your attention. - Usually information that relates to a particular user. - The System may notify you of mentions, re-posts, other discussion on a post or other alerts. Almost always configurable, via the operations interface. (or urgent messages only) Notifications may also be Emailed to a User. ........................................................................ NSFW ---- * Noun Acronym Not Safe For Work A warning , a tag or `flag`_ , that the content of the message may be culturally inappropriate in Work Places or other Public settings. ........................................................................ -------- O is for -------- OAuth ----- also: _`OAuth2` * Protocol Auth0 provides authentication and authorization as a service. `[OAi]`_ You have probably see this protocol at work many times. Whenever a web site or service ask you to **Log In** or **Sign In** with : Google |(TM)| or Facebook |(TM)| or Github |(TM)| or some other social media provider. It is likely that the mechanisms at work depend centrally on OAuth2. OAuth introduces an authorization layer separating the role of the *client* from that of the resource owner. OAuth (2.0) allows **controlled access** to the resources of another entity. It is used as a broker protocol by client applications to utilise information owned by another account or service. More or less a constrained proxy who is given a unique set of ephemeral keys. (usually) In OAuth, the client requests access and is **issued a different set of credentials** than those of the resource owner. This means the Client: - Never stores sensitive information. - Never receives the Owners (full) access authority. - May have access constrained and revoked easily. Selections from RFC 6749 :: The OAuth 2.0 authorization framework enables a third-party application to obtain limited access to an HTTP service, either on behalf of a resource owner by orchestrating an approval interaction between the resource owner and the HTTP service, or by allowing the third-party application to obtain access on its own behalf. This specification replaces and obsoletes the OAuth 1.0 protocol described in RFC 5849. ... For example, an end-user (resource owner) can grant a printing service (client) access to her protected photos stored at a photo- sharing service (resource server), without sharing her username and password with the printing service. Instead, she authenticates directly with a server trusted by the photo-sharing service (authorization server), which issues the printing service delegation- specific credentials (access token). -- `[OAuth2-IETF-rfc6749_Nov-2018]`_ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749 More information from : _`[Oai]` `[OAuth-Started_Nov-2018]`_ https://auth0.com/docs/getting-started `[OAuth-AaronParecki_Nov-2018]`_ https://aaronparecki.com/oauth-2-simplified/ see: `IndieAuth`_ , `IndieWeb`_ , `Authorisation`_ , `Authenticate`_ `Login`_ ........................................................................ OpenBook -------- Still in development November 2018. (Github and Gitlab?) Early 2019 release projected. A new Social Network API and Interfaces based around Django and `Vue.js`_ The focus seems to be secured connections with a validated plugins / modules system. "We're at a breaking point. We need to stop building products for users and start building products for people. To put humanity at the core of everything we build." -- Joel Hernandez ( Founder of Openbook ) Openbook holds hope for the future, a social network where we are not victims of its revenue model. -- Phil Zimmermann ( Internet hall of fame member ) From FAQ : Will Openbook be decentralised? ............................... We want to get there eventually. We're looking into `Solid`_ MIT approach (The one from Tim Berners Lee) and we're very pleased with it so far. **Our first versions will however be centralised.** We do this because it's then easier to focus on innovating in the product features and overall user experience. These things will determine whether we'll reach the user base necessary to take on existing social networks. **If we succeed at this, sky's the limit into what we can do in regards to decentralisation!** -- `[OpenBookFAQ_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.openbook.social/en/faq see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ OpenBSD ------- * Noun OpenBSD - A `*Nix` style operating system. With an emphasis on security. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: OpenBSD A version of {BSD Unix} with an emphasis on security. A lot of security work that is ported to other free operating systems originates with OpenBSD and a lot of {code review} is done here. Sub-projects of OpenBSD include implementations of - {SSH (http://openssh.org/)}, - {ntpd (http://openntpd.org/)}, and - {CVS}, {OpenBSD Home (http://openbsd.org/)}. -- (2005-01-17) from openBSD FAQ: https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq1.html#WhatIs The OpenBSD project produces a freely available, multi-platform 4.4BSD-based UNIX-like operating system. Our goals place emphasis on **correctness, security, standardization, and portability.** Why might I want to use it? Some reasons why we think OpenBSD is a useful operating system: - OpenBSD runs on many different hardware platforms. - OpenBSD is thought of as the most secure UNIX-like operating system by many security professionals, as a result of the never-ending comprehensive source code audit. - OpenBSD is a full-featured UNIX-like operating system available in source and binary form at no charge. - OpenBSD integrates cutting-edge security technology suitable for building firewalls and private network services in a distributed environment. - OpenBSD benefits from strong ongoing development in many areas, offering opportunities to work with emerging technologies and an international community of developers and end users. - OpenBSD attempts to minimize the need for customization and tweaking. For the vast majority of users, **OpenBSD just works on their hardware for their application.** -- `[openBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]`_ see: `Nixen`_ , `BSD`_ , `OS`_ ........................................................................ OpenID ------ also: _`openid` A remote id validation protocol and service TODO see: `gravatar`_ , `Zot`_ , authentication Open Rights Group UK -------------------- also: _`ORG` , _`ORGUK` * noun Open Rights Group is a UK based digital campaigning organisation working to protect the rights to privacy and free speech online. Values as stated by ORG #. We believe in human rights. #. Our work is based on evidence. #. We are accountable to our supporters, and operate with integrity. #. We believe in the importance of empowered people defending digital rights. #. Our work must be accessible and inclusive. - `[OpenRightsUK_Oct-2018]`_ https://www.openrightsgroup.org/about/ see: `Digital Rights`_ ........................................................................ OpenWebAuth ----------- * noun Used by as a portable `authorisation`_ method. Notably by `Hubzilla`_ Your online identity is not an account on a server, Your social graph is not imprisoned on a website. This is true ownership of your identity. This is `nomadic identity`_. -- `[Hubzilla-nomad_Oct-2018]`_ https://medium.com/@tamanning/nomadic-identity-brought-to-you-by-hubzilla-67eadce13c3b OpenWebAuth provides a light-weight form of cross-domain `authentication`_ between websites on the open web. The principals involved in the authentication may or may not have any pre-existing relationship. OpenWebAuth utilises `webfinger`_ (RFC7033) and HTTP Signatures (draft-cavage-http-signatures-09) with a simple token generation service to provide seamless and interaction free authentication between diverse websites. -- `[MacGirvin-OpenWebAuth-Nov-2018]`_ https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/OpenWebAuth/Home compare: `Zot`_ see: `Webfinger`_ `OStatus`_ `Diaspora Protocol`_ ........................................................................ Operator -------- also; _`Op`, _`O P`, _`Operators` * Noun The person running the session. The Administrator of a Service or System Whom ever set up the chat room. Usually a human. see: `IRC`_ `Chat`_ ........................................................................ Osada ----- NOTE .... **Osada has been discontinued.** `Hubzilla`_ is probably what you want for public social media uses. Otherwise see `Zot`_ and `Zap`_ for clarity see: ..... * noun - Contemporary Social Networking suite with ActivityPub support and Zot authentication. - A Hubzilla derived Platform focused on portability. for more features see: https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about#Features What Is Osada ............. (from https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about) From the practical perspective of hub members who use the software, Osada offers a variety of familiar, integrated web apps and services, including: - social networking discussion threads - cloud file storage - calendar and contacts (with CalDAV and CardDAV support) - webpage hosting with a content management system - wiki and more... [edits] Osada allows *you to set permissions for groups and individuals who may not even have accounts on your hub!* In typical web apps, if you want to share things privately on the internet, the people you share with must have accounts on the server hosting your data. otherwise, there is no robust way for your server to `authenticate`_ visitors to the site. Osada solves this problem with an advanced system of remote authentication. Validating a Visitors identity by employing techniques that include public key cryptography. `[Osada-About-Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about Osada Federation ................ NOTE Osada has been discontinued. `Hubzilla`_ is probably what you want for public social media uses. Otherwise see `Zot`_ and `Zap`_ for clarity see: Connects with any almost any Platform including Ostatus Diaspora and ActivityPub enabled nodes. However Osada and `Zot6`_ go even further. From The Author ............... Mike Macgirvin https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/Osada/Home Osada is a gateway server between nomadic and non-nomadic networks (such as between `Zot`_ `Zot6`_ and `ActivityPub`_ `Diaspora`_ `Ostatus`_ ). The purpose of Osada ("gypsy settlement") is to resolve the dilemma that software which was not designed around `nomadic` identity won't actually work correctly with software that is `nomadic`. The only other alternative is for all web communications software and protocols to be nomadic-aware and this is unlikely to happen. In prior efforts such as `RedMatrix` and `Hubzilla`_ , `federation`_ with non-`nomadic` networks was offered as a choice. You could choose federation *or* `nomadic` identity. Choosing *both* leads to a situation where expected communications are not delivered and both federation and `nomadic` operation are flawed in basic ways. *Osada resolves this basic dilemma by providing a gateway service between the two incompatible paradigms*. At a high level, Osada provides a non-nomadic server which can federate with all existing networks. (to the extent that those networks permit federation; `ActivityPub`_ and `Diaspora`_ have limitations on their ability to federate third-party messages between incompatible protocols). On the `nomadic`_ side, Osada does not allow "nomadic" operation itself, but it supports `nomadic` communication. It uses a `Zot6`_ concept called **linked identities** to transfer information into and out of the `nomadic`_ network. The linked identity on the Osada side is not a clone and [also] has a distinct non-nomadic identity. It can be bound to a `nomadic` identity on the Zot6 network. All federation and cross-protocol communication occurs at the `bridge`. If the linked identity relationship is severed for any reason (including failure/shutdown of the bridge), all bridged communications will cease. Osada identities can be moved/relocated and connections on `non-nomadic` networks which support account moves will be retained. **Connections on services which do not allow moves will be lost.** People inside the `nomadic`_ network will make connections to the `nomadic` identity. People on outside networks will make connections to the Osada identity and will be (likely) unable to resolve the internal `nomadic` identity as something they are able to federate with. An `Osada`_ reference implementation is available at https://framagit.org/macgirvin -- `[MikeMacGirvin-Osada_Nov-01-2018]`_ https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/Osada/Home see: `Platform`_ `Zot`_ `nomadic`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ OStatus ------- * Noun `Protocol`_ - More properly a collection of protocols wrapped up together. - A system for federating distributed networks and systems OStatus Links ............. - `{Ostatus-mediaGoblin_Nov-2018}`_ https://wiki.mediagoblin.org/OStatus - `[Ostatus-W3C-CG_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/ - `[Ostatus-W3C-CGwiki_Nov2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/wiki/Main_Page see: `WebFinger`_ , `Atom`_ , `PubSubHubbub`_ , `Wordpress`_ , `ActivityStreams`_ , `Salmons`_ ........................................................................ OTP --- * Noun Acronym - One Time Password - One Time Passkey - *One Time Pad* These all share the quality of being " *single use only* ". Usually a unique and random string or phrase that may only be used once. This is often used with Multi-factor Authentication and / or encrypted communications. The Password Or Phrase: - May be generated per access instance. - Will be known only to the User and Host. - Is ephemeral, discarded and never used again. One Time Pads are often more involved, (spycraft) though essentially the concept is the same. There are other meanings for OTP. These are not uncommon.: From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: OTP 1. {One-Time Password}. 2. {Open Trading Protocol}. 3. {One Time Programmable Read Only Memory}. 4. {Open Telecom Platform}. -- (2001-08-28) ........................................................................ Out Of Band ----------- * Noun Describes - Communication happening on a side channel or other "circuit". - Information flows outside the primary interface. - The displacement may also be temporal without being at all Doctor Who. (say the next day or previously or a few minutes later) * verb The Act of Communicating Out Of Band. " Lets Take this issue Out Of Band, while the rest stay on subject. " see: "The Band" "The Last Waltz" `IRC`_ see: `IRC`_ `XMPP`_ ........................................................................ OS -- * noun Operating System The BSD family and Linux Operating Systems are important foundations for contemporary networking, and all general purpose computing. see: `Linux`_ , `BSD`_ , `Nixen`_ ........................................................................ -------- P is for -------- P2P --- also: _`Peer To Peer` _`peer-to-peer` noun (usually) Not a protocol but a label for a number of sometimes distributed (often centralised) sharing "services". At various times this approach has been controversial. Mostly because of the content shared, rather than the technologies. The content actually shared maybe distributed across many clients (peers) The services provide methods of searching discovering and actually distributing content. The client (peer) is often expected to also share the content for at least as long as that client is downloading the many parts that make up the final file(s). The name captures concepts invoked by : Peer to Peer , person to person , client to client. Newsgroups and anon FTP sites. From Foldoc: 1. The kind of communication found in a system using layered { `protocols`_ }. Each software or hardware component can be considered to communicate only with its { peer } in the same layer via the connection provided by the lower layers. (1994-12-14) 2. A decentralised {file sharing} system like {BitTorrent}, {Gnutella} or {Kazaa} where computers that download data also store that data and serve it to other downloaders. This increases the total bandwidth available in proportion to the number of users and so reduces download time. It also improves resilience by providing multiple redundant sources for the same data. This contrasts with {client-server} where all clients download the data from a single server (or {mirror}), sharing its fixed bandwidth. Peer-to-peer networks are typically ad-hoc and rely on users sharing the content they have downloaded for the benefit of other users. Users who fail to do this are called "leaches". A "seed" is a node on a peer-to-peer network that is sharing a complete copy of a file, as opposed to other nodes that may only have some of the parts into which the file has been split. (2010-02-20) -- The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc] ........................................................................ Password -------- also: _`Pass Phrase` * noun A string or phrase _you_ can recall that is: - difficult for another to guess or deduce. - unique to that `user`_ : `login`_ combination. `[u]`_ - Has never been used in a Movie ! (no seriously) - Not (only) A Number ! Many sites have restrictions on what minimum standards a password needs to be. From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Password \Pass"word`\, n. A word to be given before a person is allowed to pass; a watchword; a countersign. --Macaulay. [1913 Webster] -- The Collaborative International Dictionary of English From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: password n 1: a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group; "he forgot the password" [syn: {password}, {watchword}, {word}, {parole}, {countersign}] -- WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: password An arbitrary string of characters chosen by a user or {system administrator} and used to authenticate the user when he attempts to log on, in order to prevent unauthorised access to his account. A favourite activity among unimaginative {computer nerds} and {crackers} is writing programs which attempt to discover passwords by using lists of commonly chosen passwords such as people's names (spelled forward or backward). It is recommended that to defeat such methods passwords use a mixture of upper and lower case letters or digits and avoid proper names and real words. If you have trouble remembering random strings of characters, make up an `acronym`_ like "ihGr8trmP" ("I have great trouble remembering my password"). -- The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (1994-10-27) *Nine* Teen Ninety *Four* _`[u]` Remember `Silos`_ and sites occasionally get cracked. What would it mean if "that password" was exposed (and they do get sold on). How many sites would you have to alter. see: `Authorisation`_ `Authenticate`_ ........................................................................ PeerTube -------- * Noun A Federated Video sharing network, distributed Video in the Fediverse from https://joinpeertube.org/ How it works ............ - Everybody can host a PeerTube server we call [an] instance. Every instance hosts its own users and their videos. It also keeps a list of the videos available of the instances the administrator chooses to follow in order to suggest them to its users. - Every account has a globally unique identifier. e.g. :: @chocobozzz@framatube.org consisting of the local username (@chocobozzz) and the domain name of the server it is on (framatube.org). so @chocobozzz@framatube.org see also: `@handle@node.domain`_ for another explanation. - The *administrators* of a PeerTube instance can follow each other. When your PeerTube instance follows another PeerTube instance, you [also] receive the videos preview information [s] from this [followed] instance. This way, you can display the videos available on your instance and on the instances you decided to follow. So you keep control of the videos displayed on your PeerTube instance! -- https://joinpeertube.org/en/#how-it-works [ 30 Jan 2019 ] [ with small edits to content, bullet points for clarity ] - A video Introduction may be found at : https://framatube.org/videos/watch/217eefeb-883d-45be-b7fc-a788ad8507d3 - example point of presence: https://vidcommons.org/videos/local see: `Platform List`_ refs: `[PeerTube_how_Jan-2019]`_ `[PeerTube_what_Jan-2019]`_ ........................................................................ People ------ also: _`Humans` In this and wider Information Technology Contexts: see: `User`_ ........................................................................ Ping ---- _`ping`, _`pings` , _`pinging` * Verb * In the context of the Fediverse (and others) to "ping" somebody, is to get their attention. To inquire of their current status. * The active act of pinging. Testing and measuring a network connection. "Ping host X to see if it is up." see also: `@mention`_ * Noun Backronym The name of the program, classically and widely used to actually "ping" a `host`_ or `node`_. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: ping Packet InterNet Groper ping command pinging (ping, originally contrived to match submariners' term for the sound of a returned sonar pulse) A program written in 1983 by Mike Muuss (who also wrote {TTCP}) used to test reachability of destinations by sending them one, or repeated, {ICMP} echo requests and waiting for replies. Since ping works at the {IP} level its server-side is often implemented entirely within the {operating system} {kernel} and is thus the lowest level test of whether a remote host is alive. Ping will often respond even when higher level, {TCP}-based services cannot. Sadly, Mike Muuss was killed in a road accident on 2000-11-20. The {Unix} command "ping" can be used to do this and to measure round-trip delays. The funniest use of "ping" was described in January 1991 by Steve Hayman on the {Usenet} group comp.sys.next. He was trying to isolate a faulty cable segment on a {TCP/IP} {Ethernet} hooked up to a {NeXT} machine. Using the sound recording feature on the NeXT, he wrote a {script} that repeatedly invoked ping, listened for an echo, and played back the recording on each returned {packet}. This caused the machine to repeat, over and over, "Ping ... ping ... ping ..." as long as the network was up. He turned the volume to maximum, ferreted through the building with one ear cocked, and found a faulty tee connector in no time. Ping did not stand for "Packet InterNet Groper", Dave Mills offered this {backronym} expansion some time later ... `The Story of the Ping Program` ........................................................................ Pixelfed -------- * Noun PixelFed is a federated social image sharing platform, similar to instagram. "A Photo Sharing Experience for everyone" Pixelfed servers are called instances. Pixelfed Federation ................... Federation is done using the `ActivityPub`_ protocol, which is used by Mastodon, PeerTube, Pleroma, and more. Through ActivityPub PixelFed can share and interact with these platforms, as well as other instances of PixelFed. PixelFed Contact ................ - IRC: #pixelfed on irc.freenode.net - Matrix https://matrix.to/#/#freenode_#pixelfed:matrix.org - Mastodon: @pixelfed@mastodon.social - E-mail: hello@pixelfed.org -- `[Fediverse_PixelFed_Instances_Aug-2019]`_ https://fediverse.network/pixelfed -- `[Fed-Info-PixelFed_Nov-2018]`_ https://the-federation.info/pixelfed -- `[GitHub-PixelFed_Nov-2018]`_ https://github.com/pixelfed/pixelfed see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Platform -------- _`Platforms` * noun For this document a *platform* is the underlying `suite`_ of software providing the social media `network`_. see: `Host`_ , `Service`_ , `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Platform List ------------- also: _`Platform Listing` .. compound:: This list is **by no means comprehensive.** List Membership does not equate to `recommendation`. * EMail ( SMTP MTA MUA ) All eMail Transfer Agents are federated. All Mail User Agents are clients to those federated servers. * MacroBlogging * `SocialHome`_ `macroblogging`_ * `Diaspora`_ `macroblogging`_ * `Friendica`_ `macroblogging`_ * `Hubzilla`_ `macroblogging`_ * `Osada`_ `macroblogging`_ * MicroBlogging * `Pleroma`_ `microblogging`_ * `Misskey`_ `microblogging`_ * `Pump.io` `microblogging`_ TODO * `GNU Social`_ `microblogging`_ * `Mastodon`_ `microblogging`_ * `postActiv`_ TODO * Multimedia * `Peertube`_ Video Sharing * `Funkwhale`_ music streaming and sharing * `PixelFed`_ photo sharing * Messaging and Chat * `Matrix`_ Instant Messaging / Chat Rooms / Video Audio Comms * `Jabber`_ Instant Messaging / Chat Rooms / Video Audio Comms (many clients) * Authoring Writing Persistant Blogging * `Wordpress`_ Fully Featured Websites Blogging Writing * `Plume`_ Writing Bloggng * `WriteFreely`_ Writing Bloggng * `Pterotype` ? Blogging Writing ? * `Prismo` TODO * `Kroeg` TODO * `Aardwolf` TODO * `Rustodon` TODO best guess micro * `GNU MediaGoblin` TODO best guess micro -- originally from https://framaforms.org/fediverse-preferences-survey-1540788767 (amended and rearranged) ........................................................................ Pleroma ------- Also: _`pleroma instances` * Noun "Pleroma is a federated social networking platform, compatible with `GNU social`_, `Mastodon`_ and other `ActivityPub`_ and `OStatus`_ implementations. It is free software licensed under the AGPLv3. It actually consists of two components: - a back end, named simply Pleroma, - and a user-facing front end, named Pleroma-FE." Features: * High-performance * Light memory usage * Runs on a Raspberry Pi * Support for the `ActivityPub`_ and `OStatus`_ `Protocols`_ * Built with concurrency and distribution in mind from conceptual stages. * Elixer and other modern robust fault tolerant toolkits. * **Multiple Web5 Front Ends Supported.** * `Gopher`_ Access. -- `[Pleroma_17-Oct-2018]`_ Pleroma network servers are called `Instances`_ . It is fast robust and simple to operate . `Follows`_ across the Fediverse are fast simple and reliable. Pleroma is a `microblogging`_ server software that can `federate`_ (= exchange messages with) other servers that support the same `federation`_ standards... . What that means is that you can `host`_ (run) a server for yourself or your friends and stay in control of your online identity, (and) *still exchange messages with people on larger servers*. -- `[lain_17-Oct-2018]`_ (some small edits) Pleroma Federation .................. Pleroma will `federate`_ with all `platforms`_ that `implement and engage` with the `OStatus`_ or `ActivityPub`_ Protocols. At least: `GNU Social`_, `Friendica`_, `Hubzilla`_ and `Mastodon`_ . (as of November 2018) Pleroma Links ............. * Introduction Pleroma Introduction: * User Level: Pleroma What Is It see: `Platform List`_ `Microblogging`_ ........................................................................ Plume ----- * Noun A Federated blogging engine, based on `ActivityPub`_ "Authors can manage various blogs from an unique website. Articles are also visible on other Plume websites, and you can interact with them directly from other platforms like Mastodon." There is live and working instance at: . "Fediverse.Blog is a great choice if you want to have an up-to-date public instance (where your data won't be deleted). It is provided by @gled@mastodon.host the Mastodon.host admin." -- `[baptise_Oct_2018}`_ Plume is not yet ready for production uses. (October 2018) Its Lead Developer considers it to experimental. -- `[PlumeDev]`_ Meanwhile for the curious the technical or to contribute: The best place to start `Plume on Github`_ or the `Plume Development Blog`_ . Plume Links ........... Lead Developer: https://baptiste.gelez.xyz/@/BaptisteGelez - _`Plume on Github` - Demo Instance - Mastodon cross site test instance: - Plume on `Matrix`_ #plume:disroot.org - https://riot.im/app/#/room/#plume:disroot.org - _`Plume Development Blog` see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ PM -- * noun acronym Product Manager Production Manager see: `jargon`_ ........................................................................ Pod --- _`pods` In the context of `Distributed`_ `Networked`_ `Services`_ **Pod** has two recent meanings. 1. An standalone Instance of `Diaspora`_. 2. Personal Online Data (store) POD "Used for *distributed* person data storage and processing". Promulgated by Tim Berners-Lee and others. -- `[Inrupt-Oct-2018]`_ see: `MIT`_ , `Solid`_ As a further demonstration of the fluidity of contemporary language and the crowding of name-spaces and concepts, here are some other known meanings in the general context of `Information Technology`_. From V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms (September 2014) [vera]: POD Plain Old Document [format] POD Print / Publishing On Demand, "PoD" From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: pod Not to be confused with {P.O.D.}. 1. (Allegedly from abbreviation POD for "Prince Of Darkness") A {Diablo} 630 (or, latterly, any {letter-quality} {impact printer}). From the {DEC-10} {PODTYPE} program used to feed formatted text to it. 2. {Plain Old Documentation}. [{Jargon File}] (1998-12-18) see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Poll ---- also: _`polls` * Noun - A survey - A quiz * Verb - To query a set of people. ........................................................................ Post ---- also: _`posts` * Noun A single message. - A `Toot`_ is a `Mastodon`_ Post. - A tweet and a quip are types of post. - A (sent) message is a post Something one may fix a paper based message on. Often cylindrical and composed of wood. `:)` `emoticon`_ * Verb post To post a message where it is (generally) visible on a network. "I will post this to the group" "I have posted too many cat pics" "Gandalf's Posts are Wizard" From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: To send a message to a {mailing list} or {newsgroup}. Distinguished in context from mail; one might ask, for example: ?Are you going to post the patch or mail it to known users?? From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: post To send a message to a {mailing list} or {newsgroup}. Usually implies that the message is sent indiscriminately to multiple users, in contrast to "mail" which implies one or more deliberately selected individual recipients. You should only post a message if you think it will be of interest to a significant proportion of the readers of the group or list, otherwise you should use private {electronic mail} instead. See {netiquette}. [{Jargon File}] (1997-12-04) see: `toot`_, `tweet`_, `quip`_, `conversation`_, `message`_, `CW`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ postActive ---------- _`postactive` _`postactiv` * Noun A Federated social networking platform It is derived from `GNU Social`_, which is itself derived from `StatusNet`_ and Laconica. It helps `people`_ in a community, company, or group to exchange `short status updates`_, do `polls`_, announce `events`_, or other social activities. `Users`_ can choose which people to "follow" and receive only their friends' or colleagues' `status messages`. They can also view the `public timeline`_ of the site to see everyone, or the "`whole known network`_" timeline, to see all the people in sites that have connected with this one, by someone [on your site] following them. postActive Federation ..................... As of |publish time| postActive communicates with servers running : Friendica_, Hubzilla_, `GNU Social`_, `StatusNet`_, and `Mastodon`_. (with some qualifications for mastodon) -- `[postActive-home_Oct-2018]`_ https://postactiv.com/ see: `ActivityPub`_ which is a protocol not a platform. `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Protocol -------- _`Protocols` An accepted set of rules procedures and guidelines. By accepting an agreed common standardised set of methods communication is reliably enabled between many systems. In Federated Social Networking there is a well developed "Open Stack" of Protocols: - OAuth authorization, OpenID authentication, Zot portable authentication. - OStatus federation, ActivityPub federation protocol, - XRD metadata discovery, the Portable Contacts protocol, - the Wave Federation Protocol, XMPP (Jabber) - OpenSocial widget APIs, - microformats like XFN and hCard, - Atom web feeds. RSS syndication / feeds. Some or usually many of these are used per social network system, ( `Framework`_. `Platform`_ ) *and* in other distributed applications. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: protocol A set of formal rules describing how to transmit data, especially across a {network}. Low level protocols define the electrical and physical standards to be observed, bit- and byte-ordering and the transmission and {error detection and correction} of the bit stream. High level protocols deal with the data formatting, including the {syntax} of messages, the terminal to computer dialogue, {character sets}, sequencing of messages etc. Many protocols are defined by {RFCs} or by {OS}. (1995-01-12) ........................................................................ Public Timeline --------------- - A flow of all *public posts* made by accounts on a local `Instance`_ or `Host`_. - A `Message`_ `Feed`_ that holds content that is *not `flagged`_ Private*. Only the messages actually published by `@handle` on @node.domain. see: `Timeline`_ ............................................................ PubSubHubBub ------------ * Noun and Verb A protocol for subscribing to a Hubzilla account ? Also Known As: `WebSub`_ This is used to send messages to followers that have sent a "follow activity". -- `[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]`_ ........................................................................ Push ---- * verb To send information out rather than waiting for a request. Socialmedia Protocols often use notification type services to notify other agents of state changes. TODO ........................................................................ POSSE ----- * Noun Acronym Publish Own Site, Syndicate Elsewhere A content publishing model that starts with posting content on your own domain first, then syndicating out copies to 3rd party services with permashortlinks back to the original on your site. This method helps ensure you retain clear verifiable ownership of your content while also enabling simple point of origin reference URL's. There is more at: -- `[IndieWeb-POSSE_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/POSSE see: `URL`_ , `RSS`_ , `Authenticate`_ ........................................................................ -------- Q is For -------- Quip ---- also: _`quips` * Noun A post A `GNUSocial`_ or `StatusNet`_ `microblog`_ `post`_ Similar to a `Mastodon`_ `Toot`_ or a Twitter |(TM)| Tweet. see: `jargon`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- R is For -------- Room ---- also: _`Chat Room` * noun A room is a place where users can share, send and receive messages. `Messages`_ are sent to a room, and all participants in that room with sufficient access will receive the message. -- paraphrased `[MatrixSpec-Oct-2018]`_ https://matrix.org/docs/spec/#room-structure see also: `Chat`_ , `Jabber`_ , `Matrix`_ , `IRC`_, `ICQ`_ ........................................................................ RSS --- * Noun, Acronym _`Really Simple Syndication` A standardised mechanism for sites to propagate `data streams`_ , to other nodes or endpoint data consumers on networks. This enables ready syndication (duplication) of `Content`_ across arbitrary numbers of distribution and consumption points. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: [edited] _`Rich Site Summary` Really Simple _`Syndication` RSS RSS `feed`_ (RSS, `blog`_ , feed) A family of {standard} {web} document types containing regularly updated, short articles or news items. RSS documents (generally called "RSS feeds", "news feeds" or just "feeds") can be read with an RSS reader* ... These are sometimes called " _`aggregators` " because they combine multiple RSS feeds which the user can browse as a single list. The RSS reader tracks which articles the use has read, and is typically set to show only new articles, hence the idea of a "feed" or flow of new items. Most RSS feeds are based on {_`RDF`}. {RDF} is a structured document format for describing textual resources such as news articles available on the web. RSS originally stood for "RDF Site Summary" as it was designed to provide short descriptions of (changes to) a {website}. Because it provides a standard way to deliver, or "syndicate", news or updates from one site to another, RSS is sometimes expanded as "Really Simple Syndication". It is closely associated with {blogs}, most of which provide an RSS feed of articles. (2013-08-15) see: `Atom`_ ........................................................................ -------- S is for -------- Salmons ------- singular: _`Salmon` * noun Messages sent to direct recipients, when you mention someone. These are signed by a public key crypto mechanism. They swim upstream to find you. -- `[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]`_ Not the fish. Which is why its S a l m o n s. see: `DM`_ `@mention`_ `WebSub`_ `PuSH`_ `OStatus`_ ........................................................................ Service ------- _`services` * Noun A utility delivered and accessed from a networked computer. A service delivered by a Server or a Daemon From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: Work performed (or offered) by a {server}. This may mean simply serving simple requests for data to be sent or stored (as with {file servers}, {`gopher`_} or {http} servers, {e-mail} servers, {finger} servers, {SQL} servers, etc.); or it may be more complex work, such as that of {irc} servers, print servers, {X Windows} servers, or process servers. (1997-09-11) Simplified Example 1. An http server: Delivers access to web pages. i.e. It serves up web pages. Those pages are constructed using an agreed set of standardised instructions (HTML / XML) delivered over the Internet using HTTP or HTTPS (Secured) protocols and standards. a. Apache and Nginx are two programmable httpd Servers. They provide the http web-service. b. Firefox and Chromium are two software http Clients. They process instructions received from a web server. see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Server ------ * noun - A `Node`_ on a `Network`_ that provides one or more `Services`_. - The Physical Machine that provides services. Often dedicated to the task and designed to perform those tasks effectively and *reliably*. - A `node`_ that has connections to a relatively large amount of other nodes `[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]`_ see: `host`_ `Platform List`_ ......................................................................... Session ------- * Noun A communications connection between at least two agents. None of them have to be human. - At the human `operator`_ level, it often means `logging on` to a service to interact with the software itself and optionally (eventually) other people. When you log into the Fediverse you are : - Starting a client to server(s) session with the `Networking`_ Software. - Operating a 'session' exchanging information with other `Users`_ , or even `Bots`_. - ( or you may just be immoderately out on a 'session' of `podcasts` and News `Feeds`_ :) * Verb To ** session ** ; is to communicate. " I will session with you on Socialhome tomorrow night. " ( Probably implying that: I will login and engage 'intently' with you. ) -- aside : Context. Its a slippery thing. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: session 1. A lasting connection between a user (or user agent) and a {peer}, typically a {server}, usually involving the exchange of many packets between the user's computer and the server. A session is typically implemented as a layer in a network {protocol} (e.g. {telnet}, {FTP}). In the case of protocols where there is no concept of a session layer (e.g. {UDP}) or where sessions at the {session layer} are generally very short-lived (e.g. {HTTP}), {virtual} sessions are implemented by having each exchange between the user and the remote host include some form of {cookie} which stores state (e.g. a unique session ID, information about the user's preferences or authorisation level, etc.). See also {login}. 2. A lasting connection using the {session layer} of a networking protocol. (1997-08-03) see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Set --- Informally : A grouping of or from a list Sets ---- TODO ........................................................................ Short Status ------------ also: _`short status updates` A `microblog`_ post A short `message`_ ........................................................................ Side Effect ----------- also: _`sideeffect` noun 1: a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy; "severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug" 2: any adverse and unwanted secondary effect; "a strategy to contain the fallout from the accounting scandal" [syn: {side effect}, {fallout}] -- From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006 - Not always an undesirable engineering moment. - Often a surprise. - Something to avoid with good ( functional ) practice see: `Jargon`_ ........................................................................ Sign In ------- also: _`Sign-In` * Noun A "sign in" is approximately the same as an "`account`_" * Verb To *"sign in"* is to `login`_ to a service of some sort.. Sign-In is often seen in the context of `OAuth`_ and `IndieAuth`_. It is diffentiated from `Login`_ by being undertaken by an `agent` for you. A proxy of some sort, acting for you. this is often indictated by phrases like: Sign In with "Some Place Else" . e.g. - 'Sign in with Google' [ ] or - 'Sign In with Face Book' [ ] . Github etc etc. There is no reason _you_ , or a group of _you_ (we), cant do this your (our) self. see: `Indieweb`_ `IndieAuth`_ `OAuth`_ note `Lockin`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Signal ------ * noun From the User of a Social Media Interface a signal is more or less a road sign: However there are probably many layers of signals going on around you right now :) From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Signal \Sig"nal\, n. [F., fr. LL. signale, fr. L. signum. See {Sign}, n.] 1. A sign made for the purpose of giving notice to a person of some occurrence, command, or danger; also, a sign, event, or watchword, which has been agreed upon as the occasion of concerted action. [1913 Webster] ... 3. Hence: (Electronics) A measurable electrical quantity, such as voltage or current, that conveys information by varying in magnitude over time; as, the signals from the strongest commercial radio stations can be received over hundreds of miles. [PJC] Signal to noise ratio From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: signal A predefined message sent between two {Unix} {processes} or from the {kernel} to a process. Signals communicate the occurrence of unexpected external events such as the forced termination of a process by the user. Each signal has a unique number associated with it and each process has a signal handler set for each signal. Signals can be sent using the {kill} {system call}. (1996-12-10) ........................................................................ Silos ----- also _`silo` * noun - Isolated self referencing environments. - Often Corporate , but by no means always. Synonyms: "_`Corporate Web`" Mitigating Influences: `IndieWeb`_ , `Federation`_ . `Fediverse`_ ``For the sake of clarity "Stovepipes" "Echo Chambers" and "think space Silos" are not dealt with in this entry.`` Originally : From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Silo \Si"lo\, n. [F.] A pit or vat for packing away green fodder for winter use so as to exclude air and outside moisture. See {Ensilage}. -- [1913 Webster] From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: silo 1: a cylindrical tower used for storing silage 2: military installation consisting of an underground structure where ballistic missiles can be stored and fired Characteristics Of A Silo .......................... Edited from: https://indieweb.org/silo A silo, or web content hosting silo, in the context of the `IndieWeb`_, and this `glossary`_ is a *centralized* web site that: - *stakes some claim* to content contributed to it - and *restricts* access in some way (has walls). Silos Often have many or all of the following characteristics: Silos: - Require you to create an account specific to that site. - Allow you to post content. - Only allow interaction with others on that site. - restrict your ownership via: - an access wall that prevents obfuscates or impedes indexing of content or metadata. - a restrictive terms of service (TOS) - claim some ownership or license to any Content you create or share within the silo. - Impose Constraints on your ability to import/export your own content, Or metadata about that content. -- `[IndieWeb-Silo_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/silo see: `FSF`_ `LockIn`_ compare: `Commons`_ , `Indieweb`_ , `Fediverse`_ ........................................................................ SMS --- * noun From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: SMS 1. {Short Message Service}. 2. {Storage Management Services}. 3. {System Management Server}. (1999-05-02) ........................................................................ Socialhome ---------- also: _`SocialHome` , _`Social Home` * noun From the (this) Users point of view Socialhome is a Broadsheet, or even a Glossy Journal. Short form posts (tweet or toot like) are fully supported. *Long form, illustrated messages are encouraged.* SocialHome AMA Notes .................... from an *Ask Me Anything* session with : SocialHomes Primary Developer `@jaywink@jasonrobinson.me` Moderated by: Edward Morbius: https://plus.google.com/104092656004159577193 A "lay persons" description of the platform : - a social networking server with rich profiles. - a cross between Twitter, Tumblr and Pinterest. - statuses like Twitter, - longer form posts like Tumblr - visual layout more like Pinterest. - Inlined image uploads. - Socialhome streams load fast * users have the choice of 4 visibility levels for content. - Public (federates, indexed by google) - limited (federates, but only to those servers where targeted users are at) - site (does not federate, visible to server users only), - self (visible to self only, good for drafts). -- `[Gplus-AMA-31-October-2018]`_ From The SocialHome Network itself: SocialHome Streams .................. Content in #Socialhome is collected in *Streams*. In the future users will be able to build their own Streams based on rules and filters. Currently: - Followed - Content from followed users. - Public - Content with visibility public from local and remote users. - Tag - Visible content containing a particular hashtag. - Local - Content created by users on the same server. - Limited - Non-public content visible to the user from local and remote users. - User pinned - Content the user has pinned to their profile. - User all - All content the local or remote user has. Social Homes Federation ....................... Socialhome federates using the `Diaspora`_ protocol. This allows content to `federate`_ not only to other `Socialhome`_ servers, but also with servers from Diaspora, `Friendica`_ and `Hubzilla`_ platforms. `ActivityPub`_ support is work in progress, which should extend SocialHomes reach to all of the Fediverse. -- `[SocialHome_Oct_2018]`_ see: `Platform List`_ ...................................................................... Social Media ------------ From Wikipedia Social media are interactive computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and `networks`_. The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features: - Social media are interactive Web 2.0 Internet-based applications. - User-generated content, such as text posts or comments, digital photos or videos, and data generated through all online interactions, is the lifeblood of social media. - Users create service-specific profiles for the website or app that are designed and maintained by the social media organization. - *Social media facilitate the development of online social networks by connecting a user's profile with those of other individuals or groups.* -- `[WikiPedia-SocMed-Oct-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Socmed ------ * noun abbrev Social Media see: `Social Media`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Solid ----- * Noun .. epigraph:: "The Web as I envisaged it, we have not seen it yet. The future is still so much bigger than the past." -- Tim Berners-Lee `[solid-Oct-2018]`_ Solid #. Empowers users and organizations to separate their data from the `applications`_ that use it. #. It allows people to look at the same data with different software at the same time. #. It opens brand new avenues for creativity, problem-solving, and commerce. * You Own Your `Data`_, and choose `Apps` to Manage it. * You decide *where* you store your data. * You are free to *move* your data at any time, without interruption of service. * You give people and your apps permission to read or write. * Things saved through one app are available in another: * you never have to sync, * because your data stays with you. -- `[solid-Oct-2018]`_ The mission is to reshape the contemporary web as we know it. In many ways this is a set of tools to re-democratise and decentralise (de `Silo`_) the Internet and allow anybody to take back control of their data. It is still early days but the software is useful and ready for some wide testing. visit: Solid at https://solid.inrupt.com/ Referenced: `[Tim Berners-Lee-Oct-16-2018]`_ Open Letter: https://www.inrupt.com/blog/one-small-step-for-the-web Solid Features .............. * PODs are like secure USB sticks for the Web, that you can access from anywhere. * Its your Solid POD so You decide where you store your data. * You're free to move your POD at any time * You give people and your apps permission to read or write to parts of your Solid POD. ( photos sounds video text ) * You never have to sync, because your data stays with you. * In order to prove ownership of your data, you need a way to identify yourself. Rather than relying on a third party, you can use your Solid POD to say who you are. - So no more "Log in with X" or "Log in with Y" on the Web - just "Log in with your own Solid POD". -- `[Solid-how_Nov-2018]`_ See also: `Zot`_ , `IndieAuth`_ , `OAuth`_ , `Hubzilla`_ ........................................................................ spam ---- . Noun Unsolicited messages (much more here) . verb To propagate the same, generally widely. ........................................................................ Status ------ synonym: `Message`_ ........................................................................ StatusNet --------- also: statusnet * noun protocol The original `GNU Social`_ see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ Stovepipe --------- TODO ........................................................................ Subscribe --------- * Verb - To `follow`_ another accounts `thread`_ or `stream`_ of `status`_ updates. - To agree to receive `messages`_ from another account. Normally visible to the account being followed. Optionally visible to anybody else, or some `group`_ of selected accounts. see also: `Follow`_ ........................................................................ Suite ----- * noun A collection of software applications designed to work together. An office suite provides many tools related to reporting and planning in commercial (or other) settings. Many Social networking platforms may be considered suites as they provide more than one communications interface. Using more than one inter-platform protocol. see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- T is for -------- The Whole Known Network ----------------------- A Global `Feed`_ Often an Interface Feed choice. - Show me messages from everybody this local node knows about. - Give me a view of the Socialmedia activity of as much of the Fediverse as the Node can. The *Whole Known Network* is a stream of Local posts combined chronologically with feeds from other Hosts that reach your home Host. i.e. The `Feed`_ contains Public `Posts`_ from all of the remote `Accounts`_ `Followed`_ by all of the `Users`_ on your local `Host`_. synonym: Global ........................................................................ Thread ------ * Noun - A particular chain of `messages`_. - A message `stream`_ that can be filtered or otherwise selected. Often a subset of a wider conversation. May be facilitated by using: - #Tags - > subject here - Or a simple line alone at the `head`_ of a message. Nothing (overtly) to do with CPU threads. ........................................................................ Timeline -------- * noun An accounts feed of messages. - In Chronological Order (more or less) - Normally collated from who an account follows and perhaps the local instance. * Verb To timeline something is to - Schedule it. Perhaps fit something into an extant schedule. - Or examine the process implications required to complete a task. See: `GNUSocial`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ TLA --- also: _`3LA` . _`YABA` * Noun Three Letter Acronym - not all TLA's have 3 letters. TLA /T?L?A/, n. [Three-Letter Acronym] 1. Self-describing abbreviation for a species with which computing terminology is infested. 2. Any confusing acronym. Examples include MCA, FTP, SNA, CPU, MMU, SCCS, DMU, FPU, NNTP, TLA. People who like this looser usage argue that not all TLAs have three letters, just as not all four-letter words have four letters. One also hears of ?ETLA? (Extended Three-Letter Acronym, pronounced /ee tee el ay/) being used to describe four-letter acronyms; the terms ?SFLA? (Stupid Four-Letter Acronym), ?LFLA? (Longer Four Letter Acronym), and VLFLA (Very Long Five Letter Acronym) have also been reported. See also {YABA}. Notes TLA ......... - YABA YAFA may be used interchangeably in most use cases. - Not to be confused with Three Letter Agency ((which is a collection of administrative agencies) on a good day) see: `Jargon`_ , `Acronym`_ , Cultural Virus compare: `Anagram`_ ........................................................................ TOS --- * Acronym Terms Of Service A readily understood set of conditions. That simply, swiftly and clearly define the restrictions imposed on you for use and access to a service or product. While simultaneously absolving the provider with any responsibility to act with good craft faith or honour at all. Many Denizens of Commonwealth Nations know, quite precisely, how to extend and pronounce this acronym. see: `YMMV`_ , `LOL`_ , `Jargon`_ , `Silos`_ , `LockIn`_ , `StovePipe`_ TOOT ---- * Noun A `Mastodon`_ Post * Verb To post on Mastodon ........................................................................ Troll ----- also : _`Trolling` * Noun * Verb A huge waste of time and O2 mostly see: `jargon`_ ........................................................................ Twitter ------- also: _`Tweets` , _`Tweet` * Noun - A definitive `microblogging`_ host. - As of |publish time| Twitter is not directly `federated`_ with other social media sites. - Individual `posts`_ on Twitter are called "Tweets" To Tweet is to post on Twitter. synonym: Birdsite see: `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ TLDR ---- also: _`TL:DR` _`TL/DR` * acronym Too Long Didn't Read see: `acronym`_ ........................................................................ -------- U is for -------- URI --- * Noun Acronym *Universal Resource Identifier* From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: Universal Resource Identifier URI (URI, originally "UDI" in some {WWW} documents) The generic set of all names and addresses which are short strings which refer to objects (typically on the {Internet}). The most common kinds of URI are {URLs} and {relative URLs}. URIs are defined in {RFC 1630}. W3 specification http://w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/URL/URI_Overview.html. (1997-07-16) URL --- * noun *Uniform Resource Locator* - Commonly A Web or other Internet Address - But also many other protocols - mail - ftp - `gopher`_ URL Notes ......... protocol://remote.address[:optional port]/resourceLocation?#do-stuff ( read on for clarity : ) Modified: (slightly) From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: - Uniform Resource Locator - Uniform Resource Locater - Universal Resource Locator - URL - web address (URL, previously *"Universal"* ) A {standard} way of *specifying the location of an object*, typically a {web page}, on the {Internet}. Other types of object are described below. URLs are the form of address used on the {World-WideWeb}. They are used in {HTML} documents to specify the target of a {hypertext link} which is often another HTML document (possibly stored on another computer). URL Examples ............ Here are some example URLs:: http://w3.org/default.html http://acme.co.uk:8080/images/map.gif http://foldoc.org/?Uniform+Resource+Locator http://w3.org/default.html#Introduction ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors/msdos/graphics/gifkit.zip ftp://spy:secret@ftp.acme.com/pub/topsecret/weapon.tgz mailto:fred@doc.ic.ac.uk news:alt.hypertext telnet://dra.com file:///home/Donald/LunchCodes.tweets gopher://baud.baby/0/phlog/fs20181102.txt a. The part before the first colon specifies the access scheme or {`protocol`_}. Commonly implemented schemes include: - {ftp},{http} (web), {`gopher`_} or {WAIS}. The "file" scheme should only be used to refer to a file on the same host. Other less commonly used schemes include - {news}, {telnet} or mailto ({e-mail}). b. The part after the colon is interpreted according to the access scheme. In general, two slashes after the colon introduce a {hostname} (host:port is also valid, or for {FTP} `user:passwd@host` or `user@host` ). c. *The `port`_ number is usually omitted* and defaults to the standard port for the scheme, e.g. port 80 for HTTP. d. For an HTTP or FTP URL the next part is a {pathname} which is usually related to the pathname of a file on the server. (That) file can contain any type of data but only certain types are interpreted directly by most {browsers}. These include {HTML} and images in {gif} or {jpeg} format. ... A file whose type is not recognised directly by the browser may be passed to an external "viewer" {application}, e.g. a sound player. e. The last (optional) part of the URL may be - query string preceded by "?" or - a *"fragment identifier" preceded by "#"*. The later indicates a particular position within the specified document. ... The authoritative W3C URL specification http://w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Addressing/Addressing.html (2000-02-17) see: `gopher`_ , `URI`_ ........................................................................ User ---- Also: _`users` , _`person` - By "convention", a natural actual extant human person :) - A *person* who utilises the facilities offered by a `Host`_. - That person would normally have an `account`_ on that Host to `operate` it. - Sometimes the person has agents who have 24/7 agency for them. These services run for, or even pretend to be, the User. - *Sometimes* there is no spoon - Yet other times the User is a "Bot" . And never was a person. - OR : *Essentially a User is the Owner of an Account on a Host or Service Instance.* see also `operator`_ , `Handle`_ , `Account`_ ........................................................................ Utility ------- also: _`utilities` * noun - Software that does some underlying or occasional task that is not the prime function of the software suite. - These may be generic, portable and independent. examples: A Configuration `Wizard`_ , Search Interfaces , A Colour Picker, Domain Name System (DNS) lookup tools, even email applications . There are also many software libraries that provide programmatic utilities. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: - utility software - utility - utility program _tool (Or utility program, tool) Any {software} that performs some specific *task that is secondary* to the main purpose of using the computer (the latter would be called {application programs}) but is not essential to the operation of the computer ({system software}). Many utilities could be considered as part of the {system software}, which can in turn be considered part of the {operating system}. ........................................................................ Username -------- * Noun - An identifying label for a service_ or node_ . - Your name at a social Media Instance_. - Your account name on a host_. (Nixen) see also: `Handle`_ , `Account`_ ` ........................................................................ -------- V is for -------- Vaporware --------- _`vapour` , _`Vapourware` , _`vapor` * Noun - Proposition. (Often that is all it is or takes). - Smoke and Mirrors. Confuses the space; **deceit**. - (Usually) Software that is announced and never fully released. - May also be Hardware. - A Politicians Promise Applies beyond the `CIT`_ Industry. - Often used as a tactic by Vendors exploiting 'Space Dominance or `Lockin`_. - By announcing new product or standards a vendor attempts to exclude competition. - Smaller players are discouraged by having to also implement or match the new "thing". - The `Userbase` is kept engaged at least for a short time. - Discussion even argument is generated which adds **noise** to the environment and implies or reinforces vendor authority (and Brand awareness) in that space. -- `[VaporLininfo_Nov-2018]`_ http://www.linfo.org/vaporware.html Vapour History .............. from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporware "Vaporware" was coined by a Microsoft engineer in 1982 to describe the company's Xenix operating system and first appeared in print in a newsletter by entrepreneur Esther Dyson in 1983. It became popular among writers in the industry as a way to describe products they felt took *too long to be released*. InfoWorld magazine editor Stewart Alsop helped popularize it by *lampooning* Bill Gates with a **Golden Vaporware award** for the late release of his company's first version of Windows in 1985. Vaporware first implied *intentional fraud* when it was applied to the Ovation office suite in 1983; the suite's demonstration was well received by the press, but the product was never released. -- `[VaporWiki_Nov-2018]`_ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporware (emphasis added) ........................................................................ View ---- also: _`views` * Noun - A named subset of a larger listing of accounts. - A particular take on filtering a list. - An aspect of a greater view of a set of people. see also: `Group`_ , `Aspect`_ ........................................................................ Vue.js ------ * Noun The Progressive JavaScript `Framework`_ Vue Links ......... https://vuejs.org/ ........................................................................ VM -- * noun Virtual Machine see: `acronym`_ , `LXC`_ ........................................................................ -------- W is for -------- Web --- * noun - Generic term for the Internet. - Originally and identifier for the "World Wide Web" - The Internet as seen via a web browser and the http(s) standards. - Networking using TCP/IP under http with DNS as the addressing glue. ( :) ) synonyms: online, the internet , the webs , the webiverse ........................................................................ WebFinger --------- * noun `Protocol`_ - simple discovery for the web - One agreed method of asking about an identity on someone elses computer. - Used to discover `users`_ on `distributed`_ `nodes`_ and `pods`_. - Webfinger uses `JSON`_ Resource Descriptor ( a standard pattern ) to ask for data such as: - the address of an accounts primary server. - the `Hcard`_ details of an account. (address book details) - Webfinger uses the HTTPS protocol to secure the requests for example: A webfinger request might be made, asking where to find an Avatar and Profile Summary for a particular account. WebFinger Notes ............... WebFinger is used by the `federated`_ social networks notably `GNU social`_ `StatusNet`_ and `Diaspora`_. -- `[wpwf]`_ The protocol is used to inquire of information about **an entity**. The entity is identified by a `URI`_ that may look like `@handle@node.domain`_. The client can, optionally, specify (ask for) one or more `link relation`_ types for which it would like to receive information. 1. A **Webfinger Request** discovers: - information about people or other entities - using standard web methods over a secure transport. - information for a `URI`_ that might not be usable as a web locator - such as `@handle@node.domain`_ or `email@some.place` URI's 2. A **WebFinger Resource** : - Returns a `JavaScript Object Notation` (`JSON`_) object describing the *entity* (thing) that is queried. - That JSON object is called a **JSON Resource Descriptor** (JRD). It may include extra _`link relation` information: For a human entity, the type of information includes: - a personal profile address, identity service, telephone number, or preferred avatar. Other *entities* might return JRDs (Resource Descriptors) - containing links that enable a client to discover, that a printer can print in color on A4 paper, the physical location of a server, or other static information. WebFinger is specified as the discovery protocol for "OpenID Connect", which is a `protocol`_ that allows one to more easily log into various sites on the Internet. -- `[wpwf]`_ see also: `Finger`_ , `Pinky`_ , `Hcard`_ , `JSON`_ , `Zot`_ referenced: `[WikiPedia-WebFinger_Nov-2018]`_ _`[wpwf]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebFinger `[WebFinger-IETF-rfc7033_Nov2018]`_ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7033 `[WebFinger-Net_Nov2018]`_ https://webfinger.net `[Diaspora_WebFinger-Nov-2018]`_ https://diaspora.github.io/diaspora_federation/discovery/webfinger.html ........................................................................ webmention ---------- * noun protocol pingbacks, @mentions and more for the entire universe. Webmention is a simple way to notify another `URL`_ when you mention it on your site. A Webmention is a notification that one `URL`_ links to another. For example, - Alice writes an interesting post on her blog. - Bob then writes a response to her post on his own site, - linking back to Alice's original post. - Bob's publishing software sends a Webmention to Alice notifying that her article was replied to, - and Alice's software can show that reply as a comment on the original post. Sending a Webmention is not limited to blog posts, and can be used for additional kinds of content and responses as well. - a response can be an RSVP to an event, - an indication that someone "likes" another post, - a "bookmark" of another post, and many others. Webmention enables these interactions to happen across different websites, *enabling a distributed social web*. Webmention is a W3C Recommendation that *supersedes Pingback*, using only HTTP and x-www-form-urlencoded content rather than XML-RPC. It has additional functionality and greater security & robustness from years of experience with prior iterations. "A web standard for mentions and conversations across the web, a powerful building block that is used for a growing federated network of comments, likes, reposts, and other rich interactions across the decentralized social web." "# an @ mention that works across websites; so that you don't feel immovable from Twitter or Fb." -- Rony Ngala "When you link to a website, you can send it a Webmention to notify it. If it supports Webmentions, then that website may display your post as a comment, like, or other response, and presto, you're having a conversation from one site to another!" The above is a mashup from the following sites: -- `[WebMention-Intro_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/Webmention -- `[WebMention-Dev_Nov-2018]`_ https://indieweb.org/Webmention-developer -- `[webmention-W3C_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/TR/webmention/ -- `[WebMention-W3C-REC_Nov-2018]`_ https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/REC-webmention-20170112/ see: `micropub`_ `microformats`_ `indieweb`_ `indieauth`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ WebSub ------ Alias: `PubSubHubBub`_ see: `Salmons`_ , `PubSubHubBub`_ ........................................................................ Whole Known Network ------------------- A `follow`_ setting that includes all known accounts the platforms `instance`_ knows of through local users subscribing to external instances users posts. see: `The Whole Known Network`_ `Federated View`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ WIP --- * Noun Work In progress Like this thing Wizard ------ * Noun An User Interface designed to allow *simpler, reliable, configuration* of client software to a service or other utility. The intention is to ease the operators effort while also presenting the underlying software with configuration values that are consistent and (hopefully) within design limits. - Occasionally this facility is called a _`Druid`. From The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (18 March 2015) [foldoc]: wizard 1. A person who knows how a complex piece of software or hardware works (that is, who {groks} it); especially someone who can find and fix bugs quickly in an emergency. Someone is a {hacker} if he or she has general hacking ability, but is a wizard with respect to something only if he or she has specific detailed knowledge of that thing. A good hacker could become a wizard for something given the time to study it. 2. A person who is permitted to do things forbidden to ordinary people; one who has {wheel} privileges on a system. 3. A Unix expert, especially a Unix systems programmer. This usage is well enough established that "Unix Wizard" is a recognised job title at some corporations and to most headhunters. [ snips ] 4. An _`interactive help` utility that guides the user through a potentially complex task, such as configuring a {PPP} driver to work with a new {modem}. Wizards are often implemented as a sequence of {dialog boxes} which the user can move forward and backward through, filling in the details required. The implication is that the expertise of a human wizard in one of the above senses is encapsulated in the software wizard, allowing the average user to perform expertly. -- [{Jargon File}] (1998-09-07) ........................................................................ Wordpress --------- * Noun A popular `blogging`_ platform. Wordpress has a huge user base and a vast number of developers who have become proficient in theming and extending the platform. see: `Blog`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ WriteFreely ----------- * Noun A Contemporary `blogging`_ platform written in the Go language. From github site: WriteFreely is a beautifully pared-down blogging platform that's simple on the surface, yet powerful underneath. It's designed to be flexible and share your writing widely, so it's built around plain text and can publish to the `fediverse`_ via `ActivityPub`_. -- `[writefreely-GitHub_Nov-2018]`_ WriteFreely Features .................... Start a blog for yourself, or host a community of writers Form larger federated networks, and interact over modern protocols like `ActivityPub`_. Write on a dead-simple, distraction-free and super fast editor. Publish drafts and let others proofread them by sharing a private link Build more advanced apps and extensions with the well-documented `API`_. -- `[writefreely-GitHub_Nov-2018]`_ https://github.com/writeas/writefreely/blob/master/README.md WriteAs ....... Officially launching v0.1 of WriteFreely, our free, self-hosted version of Write.as. WriteFreely lets you start your own community of writers, optionally with ActivityPub enabled, so you can join the larger fediverse and spread your writing on the decentralized social web. You'll be able to set up a space for your small gathering of writers, who can all create multiple blogs under one account, save drafts, and even customise their blogs with CSS. You can also use WriteFreely to host your own minimalist blog with the same distraction-free writing experience you love on Write.as. -- `[writefreely-HelloWorld_Nov-2018]`_ https://blog.writefreely.org/hello-world see: `Blog`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- X is for -------- XMPP ---- * Noun A Messaging Protocol that can be Extended. *It is highly likely you use it every day* as the `Protocol`_ XMPP. You may also use it as `Jabber`_ : a message / chat service (and more) . From Jabber.org The original open instant messaging (IM) technology, invented by Jeremie Miller in 1998 and formalized as the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) by the IETF as an Internet Standard for messaging and presence. -- `[Jabber_Oct-2018]`_ From XMPP.org Battle-tested. Independent. Privacy-focused Millions use XMPP software daily to connect to people and services. XMPP is the open standard for messaging and presence XMPP powers emerging technologies like IoT, WebRTC, and social. No one owns XMPP. It's free and open for everyone since 1999. It's a living standard. Engineers actively extend and improve it. -- `[XMPP_Oct-20-2018]`_ see: `Instant Messaging`_ `Platform List`_ ........................................................................ -------- Y is for -------- YMMV ---- 'Your Mileage May Vary' Usually used to *lightly* warn the recipient that the `subject` of discussion may `not perform` as previously observed. This also implies that its up to the `recipient` to `operate the object` under discussion `as documented` or otherwise noted. It is a template / boiler plate / box warning. In a similar, though not as alarmist, category to: *Warning Flames may be Hot.* see: `Acronym`_ , `Jargon`_ -------- Z is for -------- Zap --- Zap is an open source decentralised social network with more privacy and less drama. Supports Zap and ActivityPub, starting with the latest release from 2019-09-22. -- `[ZapHome-Feb2020]`_ https://zotlabs.org/page/zap/zap Zap provides - permission control and moderation of comments. - Events RSVP Rich Formated Content Groups and more see: The Federation MarkDown file is informative: https://framagit.org/zot/zap/blob/a14474a1355bc3c6338ed274f1fb8eac9213d90c/FEDERATION.md Zot --- _`Zot6` * Noun Protocol Independent portable authorisation "system". *GOT ZOT?* Zot is a `JSON`_ based web framework for implementing secure decentralised communications and services. It differs from many other communication protocols by building communications on top of a decentralised identity and authentication framework. The authentication component is similar to `OpenID`_ conceptually but is insulated from DNS-based identities. Where possible remote authentication is silent and invisible. This provides a mechanism for *internet scale distributed access control which is unobtrusive*. -- `[Hubzill-start_Oct-24-2018]`_ https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project The primary issues Zot addresses are - completely decentralised communications - independence from DNS-based identity - node mobility - seamless remote authentication - high performance -- `[OsadaZot_Nov-2018]`_ https://osada.app/help/en-gb/developer/zot_protocol#Technical_Introduction W3C has a Zot Working group active in early 2020. https://www.w3.org/community/zot/ Zot is a WebMTA which provides a decentralised identity and communications protocol using HTTPS/JSON. Earlier revisions of the zot protocol dealt with the creation of nomadic identities and cross-domain authentication to enable a decentralised network with features rivaling large centralised providers. Zot/6 builds on those concepts and streamlines many of the interactions, applying lessons learned over decades of building decentralised systems. ... Zot is architecturally different from other HTTPS-based "social communications" protocols such as `OStatus`_, `ActivityPub`_, and `Diaspora`_. The primary differences are: - Support for nomadic identity where an identity is not permanently bound to a DNS server. - MUAs built on top of Zot are able to use and express detailed cross-domain permissions. - Encryption negotation for additional message protection in addition to HTTPS - Zot does not define an absolute payload format for content. Implementations MUST support `ActivityStreams`_. Additional message types and serialisation formats MAY provide vendor specific enhancements. - Federation between other WebMTA protocols is not hampered by unnecessary restrictions on 3rd party communications. - Messages from incompatible systems may be relayed to other sites which do not support the 3rd party protocol. - Detailed delivery reporting is provided for auditing and troubleshooting; which is critical in a distributed communications service. -- `[zotlabs-zot-2020]`_ Zot as Trinity -------------- from: https://zotlabs.org/channel/zap?f=&cat=Zap (February 2020) The Zotlabs* Trinity short and concise *What's Zotlabs|Hubzilla, Zotlabs|Osada and Zotlabs|Zap all about?* `Hubzilla`_ - `Osada`_ - `Zap`_ are one family. The brains behind them all is the same there are other developers involved in all three. Each has a fairly defined use-case, but (once the transition to Zot6 in Hubzilla is complete) - all three will be able to intercommunicate with each other. `Hubzilla`_ is the most established product. It should be considered more of an "application platform" or maybe a "publication platform" (kind of like what WordPress has become since it now has plugins that allow you to do almost anything - it's more than a Content Management System). "Social Media" on Hubzilla was one of the first use-cases adopted by a large number of people - and so many think it is primarily a social media platform. It is not. It is a privacy and security aware application platform that can support a huge number of use cases through the plugin/addon architecture which is lean and efficient. `Osada`_ is more intended for end users interested specifically in Social Media applications that want to be able to communicate with ActivityPub but also have SOME of the privacy and security capabilities offered by Hubzilla. `ActivityPub`_ has a larger user base but is fundamentally incompatible with certain privacy and security models. So, anything related to `ActivityPub`_ is going to be a compromise. `Osada`_ is a social media platform that brings as much of the privacy and security features of Hubzilla as is possible while still providing integration with `ActivityPub`_. `Zap`_ is a social media platform for those who are privacy and security minded and are not willing to compromise privacy and security just because "*everybody is doing it.*" It has the [same] full range of privacy, security, and censorship resistant features inherent in the Zot protocol as Hubzilla (without Federation addons). If you are an "end-user" of social media and want to be able to seamlessly communicate with `ActivityPub`_, you want to use `Osada`_. If privacy, security, and censorship resistance is important to you and you're willing to give up access to other protocols in order to maintain those things, you probably want `Zap`_. If you are primarily interested in providing content and data to others on an extensible and robust manner with privacy, security, and with built in ability to provide redundancy in case of failure or as a censorship resistance feature, you want to consider Hubzilla. -- `[Zotlabs_February_2020]`_ Some layout alterations for clarity and local consistancy. Zot Manifesto ------------- The Zot Manifesto You have the right to a permanent internet identity which is not associated with what server you are currently using and cannot be taken away from you by anybody, ever. You have the right to refuse/reject or possibly moderate comments on your posts by anybody you don't know. You also have the right to not allow them to comment on your posts in the first place, until such time as they have earned your trust. You have the right to show your photos and videos to anybody you desire and also NOT show them to anybody you desire. If your software does not implement these rights, you have the right to fix it or replace it. The Earth Manifesto ------------------- The earth is your mother. She gave you life. Respect her or she will take it away. Silence is complicity. Speak. Those who are leading us to destruction can be stopped. 7.5 billion people cannot be stopped. see also: `Osada`_ `Hubzilla`_ `Zap`_ ........................................................................ 2FA --- * noun Two Factor Authentication Essentially a user is asked to further authenticate their Identity by providing the Host with a least one extra unique information that only the user knows. A common example is to `SMS`_ (text) message a "text string" to enter. (as well as Username and Password) Other methods might involve text via email , biometrics (voice and or fingerprint), hardware (`OTP`_) key generators. see: `MFA`_ ........................................................................ -------- Colophon -------- :Status: |status| :Version: |version| revision: |revision| :Date: |date| - The Canonical Version of this document is written in plain text formatted as |reST|. - see : http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html - This rendered format was generated on |date| at |time|. :Authors: - Peter Gossner :Contact: Fediverse #. @petegozz@pluspora.org Email #. pete.gossnerSPANNER$SPAMMERSgmail.com .. image:: images/PenguinInOrbit.jpg :name: PenguinOrbitsAgain :alt: A Scarfed Stuffed Happy (Toy) Penguin Orbits Antarctica :scale: 20% :Copyright: - |(C)| 2018 2020 Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International .. image:: images/CC4-88x31.png :name: CC4shareAlike :alt: Creative Commons CC4 Icon :align: center Licence: <|cc4ref|> .. admonition:: Dedication For Artists and Hackers, Academics, and Admins. For Humans who Grok stuff. Those self taught, and persistent. For those who build *for Us* : Tools to own and run. For People in Community : Who will *not* be a Commodity, For Our Internet, And all who sail on her. Useful may it be. Save time may it much. Cheers :-) (^0^) -- Peter Gossner Oct 2018 .. Document Housekeeping .. reStructuredText Directives .. title:: The Independant Federated Fediverse .. |GNU| replace:: 'GNU : http://gnu.org' .. |reST| replace:: reStructuredText .. _RST: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html .. |cc4image| image:: images/CC4-88x31.png .. |cc4ref| replace:: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ .. |(C)| unicode:: 0xA9 .. copyright sign .. |(TM)| unicode:: U+2122 .. with trademark sign .. |---| unicode:: U+02014 .. em dash .. |date| date:: .. |time| date:: %H:%M .. |publish time| replace:: Late 2018 .. |revision| date:: %d-%m-%Y .. |status| replace:: more-bita-beta .. |version| replace:: 0.1.8 ........................................................................ .. Construct html5 format with :: rst2html5 -g -t -s fediverse-glossary.txt > index.html Written with Emacs in rst-mode + ispell-minor-mode + flyspell Even dat waznt nuff so aspelletted -c too was it. "Using Local Style Sheets" html5 produced like so (ish) rst2html5 -gst --stylesheet-dirs=./styles --link-stylesheet fediverse-glossary.txt > index.html ------------------------ References and Footnotes ------------------------ also: _`references` , _`footnotes` * _`The Fediverse Party` : * _`The Federation Info Site` : Images - _`[EukombosLogo-22June2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse#/media/File:Fediverse_logo_proposal.svg `ActivityPub`_ and `ActivityStreams`_ .. _`pleroma-encyclical text copy`: notes/PleromaEncyclical_ActivityPub.txt .. _`pleroma-encyclical html version`: notes/PleromaEncyclical_ActivityPub.html * _`[W3C-ActivityPub_Oct-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/activitypub/` - _`[ActivityPub-2018]` - _`[lain@pleroma.soykaf.com_Oct-2018]` https://soykaf.com/post/pleroma-encyclical-activity-pub/ - _`[ActivityStreams_Oct-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-core/ - _`[Schub-Diaspora-NoAPub_2016]` https://schub.io/blog/2018/02/01/activitypub-one-protocol-to-rule-them-all.html - https://as2.rocks/ (Validator) `Solid`_ and Tim Berners-Lee * _`[Inrupt-Oct-2018]`: Inrupt * _`[solid-Oct-2018]`: Solid * _`[Tim Berners-Lee-Oct-16-2018]` Open Letter: * _`[Solid-how_Nov-2018]` https://solid.inrupt.com/how-it-works GooglePlus Exodus * _`[Ayres_Oct-2018]`: used with permission. - "An examination" http://infinitemetaverse.com/news-and-events/ima-news-blog/71-open-simulator-and-social-media - _`[G+MassMigrateGroup]` https://plus.google.com/communities/112164273001338979772 - _`[G+GriefPost]` https://plus.google.com/106064030310933105180/posts/fofMnV6SxfV * https://plus.google.com/communities/112164273001338979772 `Pleroma`_ - _`[Pleroma_17-Oct-2018]` - _`[lain_17-Oct-2018]` `Plume`_ * _`[PlumeDev]` - _`[baptise_Oct_2018}` - `@Bat@social.wxcafe.net` `WriteFreely`_ , `WriteAs`_ * _`[writefreely-GitHub_Nov-2018]` https://github.com/writeas/writefreely/blob/master/README.md * _`[writefreely-HelloWorld_Nov-2018]` https://blog.writefreely.org/hello-world `SocialHome`_ * _`[SocialHome_Oct_2018]` 19th October 2018 * _`[Tilley_FW_Oct-2018]` https://medium.com/we-distribute/funkwhale-an-open-source-grooveshark-alternative-begins-activitypub-implementation-cbc10a412b20 * _`[Gplus-AMA-31-October-2018]` - https://plus.google.com/communities/112164273001338979772/stream/d925d840-efe8-45f7-b218-1b9cf2a5aa8a - https://jasonrobinson.me/content/2274394/doing-an-ama-on-socialhome-at-the-googleplus-mi/ `Misskey`_ * _`[miskey_Oct-19-2018]` https://misskey.nl/ `XMPP`_ * _`[Jabber_Oct-2018]` https://www.jabber.org/faq.html#jabber FAQ * _`[XMPP_Oct-20-2018]` `Diaspora`_ * _`[D*Website_Oct-2018]` * _`[WikiPedia-SocMed-Oct-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media * _`[Gravatar_Oct-2018]` https://en.gravatar.com/support/what-is-gravatar/ `JSON`_ and related `Hcard`_ * _`[Diaspora_WebFinger-Nov-2018]` https://diaspora.github.io/diaspora_federation/discovery/webfinger.html * _`[MicroFormats-Hcard_Nove-2018]` http://microformats.org/wiki/hCard * _`[Micro_Hcard-Nov-2018]` http://microformats.org/wiki/h-card * _`[Packetizer-JRD_Nov-2018]` https://www.packetizer.com/json/jrd/ `GNU`_ `FSF`_ * _`[GNU-Oct-2018]` - _`[FSF-Intro_Oct-2018]` https://www.fsf.org/about/ - _`[GNU_Oct-21-2018]` https://www.gnu.org/gnu/about-gnu.html - _`[FSF-List_Oct-21-2018]` https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page - _`[gnuSocial_Oct-2018]` FAQ `OStatus`_ * _`{Ostatus-mediaGoblin_Nov-2018}` https://wiki.mediagoblin.org/OStatus * _`[Ostatus-W3C-CG_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/ * _`[Ostatus-W3C-CGwiki_Nov2018]` https://www.w3.org/community/ostatus/wiki/Main_Page `WebFinger`_ RFC 7033 * _`[WikiPedia-WebFinger_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebFinger * _`[WebFinger-IETF-rfc7033_Nov2018]` https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7033 * _`[WebFinger-Net_Nov2018]` https://webfinger.net `Finger`_ `Pinky`_ 79 * _`[WikiPedia-Finger_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finger_protocol * _`[Man-Finger_Nov-2018]` https://www.mankier.com/1/finger `Matrix`_ * _`[MatrixFAQ_Oct-2018]` https://matrix.org/docs/guides/faq * _`[MatrixSpec-Oct-2018]` https://matrix.org/docs/spec/#room-structure * https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/issues/455 `Zot`_ `Osada`_ "Gypsy Camp" `Hubzilla`_ `Zap`_ * _`[ZapHome-Feb2020]` https://zotlabs.org/page/zap/zap * _`[zotlabs-zot-2020]` https://zotlabs.org/page/zot/specs+zot6+home * https://project.hubzilla.org/help/en-gb/developer/zot_protocol * _`[MikeMacGirvin-Osada_Nov-01-2018]` https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/Osada/Home * _`[Osada-About-Nov-2018]` https://osada.app/help/en-gb/about/about * _`[OsadaZot_Nov-2018]` https://osada.app/help/en-gb/developer/zot_protocol#Technical_Introduction * _`[Hubzill-start_Oct-24-2018]` https://project.hubzilla.org/page/hubzilla/hubzilla-project * _`[Hubzilla-nomad_Oct-2018]` https://medium.com/@tamanning/nomadic-identity-brought-to-you-by-hubzilla-67eadce13c3b * _`[fedi-hubzilla-protocols_Nov-2018]` https://fediverse.party/en/hubzilla/ * _`[Zotlabs_February_2020]` https://zotlabs.org/channel/zap?f=&cat=Zap * _`[Zotw3cCandid_Feb2020]` https://www.w3.org/wiki/Socialwg/Federation/Candidates#Zot Multifactor Authentication `MFA`_ * _`[WikiPedia-MFA_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-factor_authentication * _`[MacGirvin-OpenWebAuth-Nov-2018]` https://macgirvin.com/wiki/mike/OpenWebAuth/Home `OAuth`_ * _`[OAuth2-IETF-rfc6749_Nov-2018]` https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749 * _`[OAuth-Started_Nov-2018]` https://auth0.com/docs/getting-started * _`[OAuth-AaronParecki_Nov-2018]` https://aaronparecki.com/oauth-2-simplified/ `Friendica`_ - `Features` https://friendi.ca/about/features/ - `About Friendica` - `Stats and overview` - `Friendica Directory` - `Friendica Nodes` - `Linux Magazine` -- ( Oct Nov 2018 ) `Peertube`_ * _`[PeerTube_how_Jan-2019]` https://joinpeertube.org/en/#how-it-works * _`[PeerTube_what_Jan-2019]` https://framatube.org/videos/watch/217eefeb-883d-45be-b7fc-a788ad8507d3 `PostActive`_ * _`[postActive-home_Oct-2018]` https://postactiv.com/ `IndieWeb`_ With thanks to Sebastian Lasse * _`[indieweb-org_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/ * _`[IndieWeb-Silo_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/silo * _`[IndieWeb-Commons-Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/commons `IndieAuth`_ * _`[IndieAuth-AAParecki_Nov-2018]` https://aaronparecki.com/2018/07/07/7/oauth-for-the-open-web * _`[IndieAuth-W3_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/indieauth * _`[IndieAuth-IW_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/IndieAuth * _`[dweb-iauth-Nov-2018]` https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/10/dweb-identity-for-the-decentralized-web-with-indieauth/ `micropub`_ `microformats`_ * _`[W3_micropub_Nov-2018]` - https://www.w3.org/TR/micropub/ * _`[micropub_indieweb_nov-2018]` * _`[MicroFormat_Nov-2018]` http://microformats.org/wiki/microformats-2 `POSSE`_ * _`[IndieWeb-POSSE_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/POSSE `WebMention`_ * _`[WebMention-Dev_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/Webmention-developer * _`[WebMention-Intro_Nov-2018]` https://indieweb.org/Webmention * _`[webmention-W3C_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/webmention/ * _`[WebMention-W3C-REC_Nov-2018]` https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/REC-webmention-20170112/ * _`[WebMention-Rocks_Nov-2018]` https://webmention.rocks/ `Gopher`_ 70 * _`[RFC1436_Nov-2018]` https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1436 * _`[CatsGopherHWY_Nov-2018]` https://gopher.zone/posts/how-to-gophermap/ `Lockin`_ `Vaporware`_ - _`[Wikipedia-VLockIn_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendor_lock-in - _`[LinInfo-VLockIN-Nov-2018]` http://www.linfo.org/vendor_lockin.html - _`[VaporLininfo_Nov-2018]` http://www.linfo.org/vaporware.html - _`[VaporWiki_Nov-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaporware `PixelFed`_ - _`[Fediverse_PixelFed_Instances_Aug-2019]` https://fediverse.network/pixelfed - _`[GitHub-PixelFed_Nov-2018]` https://github.com/pixelfed/pixelfed - _`[Fed-Info-PixelFed_Nov-2018]` https://the-federation.info/pixelfed `Erlang`_ - https://www.erlang.org/ - https://github.com/erlang - https://learnyousomeerlang.com/ -- (all accessed Nov 2018) Operating Systems `BSD`_ - _`[BSD_History-Nov_2018]` https://jameshoward.us/archive/the-bsd-family-tree/ - OpenBSD https://www.openbsd.org/ - _`[openBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]` https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq1.html#WhatIs - NetBSD https://netbsd.org/ - _`[NetBSD_About-Nov-2018]` https://netbsd.org/about/ - FreeBSD https://www.freebsd.org/ - _`[FreeBSD_FAQ-Nov_2018]` https://www.freebsd.org/about.html Others * _`[OpenBookFAQ_Nov-2018]` https://www.openbook.social/en/faq * _`[WikiPedia-Data_23-Oct-2018]` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining * _`[DDG]` https://duckduckgo.com/ (2018) - _`babel fish` Pardon ? What ? Who's Mother ? Da *fisj* jou saz ? ! A Talking Fish ? ! ! Commence The Inquisition ! - _`HHGG` HitchHikers Guide to the Galaxy - _`[ca]` Unless liberally diluted with an -intoxicant- sterilising agent. - _`[nc]` Not for Cats. Or Digital Watches. Even the Non Sentient Kind. .. _`[SwSoc-federation-txt_Nov-2018]`: notes/switchingSocial-federation.txt .. _`[SwSoc-federation-html_Nov-2018]`: notes/switchingSocial-federation.html * Organisations - _`[EFA-about_Oct-2018]` https://www.efa.org.au/about/ - _`[EFF-About_Oct-2018]` https://www.eff.org/about - _`[EDRi-About_Oct-2018]` https://edri.org/about/ - _`[OpenRightsUK_Oct-2018]` https://www.openrightsgroup.org/about/ - _`[DRW-au-Nov-2018]` https://digitalrightswatch.org.au/about/ * _`[InstNetCulture_Oct-2018]` http://networkcultures.org/unlikeus/resources/articles/what-is-a-federated-network/ .. EOF and my patience